Cognitive Processing of Emotional Information in Depression, Panic, and Somatoform Disorder.

Emotional Stroop tasks (subliminal/supraliminal exposures), implicit memory tasks (tachistoscopic word identification), and explicit memory tasks (free recall after incidental learning) with 4 word types (physical threat, positive, negative, and neutral words) were administered to patients with major depressive disorder (n = 30), panic disorder (n = 33), somatoform disorder (n = 25), and healthy control participants (n = 33). On the Stroop task, panic patients showed subliminal interferences for physical threat and negative words, depressive patients showed supraliminal interferences for negative words, and somatoform patients showed supraliminal interferences for physical threat words. No patient groups demonstrated implicit memory biases. On the explicit memory task, depressive and panic patients showed memory biases for negative words; somatoform patients showed biases for physical threat words. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

谈信息时代图书情报工作创新

从管理理念创新、技术管理创新、业务管理创新、服务管理创新以及队伍建设创新等方面分别阐述了在信息时代图书情报工作创新的基本内容,以适应新时期信息时代对图书情报工作的要求.     

地压测试技术在金属矿山的应用与研究

针对井下开采地压测试技术的应用,文章系统性地对矿山与相关院所进行的相关研究工作进行了综述,并对其应用效果进行了分析评价。同时,针对企业实践中存在的问题,提出在矿山建立微震监测系统,通过进行不间断数据信息采集、三维背景应力场分析、依靠网络技术传输,从而实现对深部地压活动进行实时监测预警,更加及时可靠地指导矿山安全生产。     

Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information.

Contextual information, such as color and spatial location, has been found to be better remembered for emotional than for neutral items. The current study examined whether the influence of emotion extends to memory for another fundamental feature of episodic memory: temporal information. Results from a list-discrimination paradigm showed that (a) item memory was enhanced for both negative and positive pictures compared with neutral ones and was better for negative than for positive pictures and (b) temporal information was better remembered for negative than for positive and neutral pictures, whereas positive and neutral pictures did not differ from each other. These findings are discussed in relation to the processes involved in memory for temporal information. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

News & notes.

This article gives the latest information about the Society for the History of Psychology. It announces that David B. Baker will become News & Notes Editor for History of Psychology in 2006. It covers statements from the candidates for the presidential elections in Division 26, the candidate for secretary-treasurer, and the candidates for representative to council. It also discusses the 2005 meeting of the council of representatives and provides the Society for the History of Psychology's 2005 Convention Program. There is also personal news, as well as a notice of death. The article concludes by summarizing the History of Psychology Around the World: Philemon Foundation Lectures, C. G. Jung Center, Houston, Texas. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Olfactory and auditory event-related potentials in Huntington's disease.

The influence of Huntington's disease (HD) on the olfactory event-related potential (OERP), an electrophysiological measure of olfactory information processing, has not been reported to date. In the present study, olfactory and auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded monopolarly from Fz, Cz, and Pz electrode sites in 8 patients with HD and 8 age- and gender-matched control participants. Results demonstrated that individuals with HD were delayed compared with controls on the P3 component of the OERP (p     

Divergent trajectories in the aging mind: Changes in working memory for affective versus visual information with age.

Working memory mediates the short-term maintenance of information. Virtually all empirical research on working memory involves investigations of working memory for verbal and visual information. Whereas aging is typically associated with a deficit in working memory for these types of information, recent findings suggestive of relatively well-preserved long-term memory for emotional information in older adults raise questions about working memory for emotional material. This study examined age differences in working memory for emotional versus visual information. Findings demonstrate that, despite an age-related deficit for the latter, working memory for emotion was unimpaired. Further, older adults exhibited superior performance on positive relative to negative emotion trials, whereas their younger counterparts exhibited the opposite pattern. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relations among categorization, induction, recognition, and similarity: Comment on Sloutsky and Fisher (2004).

V. M. Sloutsky and A. V. Fisher (see record 2004-14313-002) reported 5 experiments documenting relations among categorization, induction, recognition, and similarity in children as well as adults and proposed a new model of induction, SINC (similarity, induction, categorization). Those authors concluded that induction depends on perceptual similarity rather than conceptual knowledge. Despite the useful contributions of this work, there are some important limitations. The experimental designs examined a limited range of phenomena that are not the most revealing about the use of nonperceptual information. The main results involved a simple triad task, for which the SINC model's predictions are equivalent to the predictions of previous models of inductive reasoning. It is also unclear whether the SINC model can account for the observed relations between similarity and recognition. Implications for future work on induction and related cognitive activities are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Role of Visual and Nonvisual Information in the Control of Locomotion.

During locomotion, retinal flow, gaze angle, and vestibular information can contribute to one's perception of self-motion. Their respective roles were investigated during active steering: Retinal flow and gaze angle were biased by altering the visual information during computer-simulated locomotion, and vestibular information was controlled through use of a motorized chair that rotated the participant around his or her vertical axis. Chair rotation was made appropriate for the steering response of the participant or made inappropriate by rotating a proportion of the veridical amount. Large steering errors resulted from selective manipulation of retinal flow and gaze angle, and the pattern of errors provided strong evidence for an additive model of combination. Vestibular information had little or no effect on steering performance, suggesting that vestibular signals are not integrated with visual information for the control of steering at these speeds. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

论包装与品牌定位

在现代商业社会,包装的价值已经从一个单纯保护商品的功能转化为提升和凸现品牌定位的更高层面上来了.如何有效、科学地利用一个产品的包装色彩、包装造型、包装材料以及包装上面的产品名称、图案、符号、文字等可视元素,成为促进与强化一个品牌定位在客户心目中塑造的重要的营销手段.