H型断面周围流场的粒子图像测速试验及数值模拟

采用粒子图像设备PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry)进行了雷诺数为9×104的H断面的绕流试验,揭示了作用在H型断面上的旋涡演化过程.选取基于雷诺时均方法(Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations,RANS)的Realize k-e模型和三维大涡模型(3D-LES)这两种湍流模型进行了断面的绕流计算,并比较了数值计算结果与试验结果的差别.三维大涡模型能够充分地挖掘湍流信息,而Realize k-e模型的计算结果能够很好地体现旋涡的最主要特征,与试验结果吻合较好,在综合考虑计算的经济性和效率的前提下采用Realizek-e模型进行数值模拟能够满足工程应用的需求.     

Recognition of vortex structures in turbulent refractive index field using wavelet transformation

When the light wave propagates through the hypersonic flow field,the aero-optic distortion happens.It is necessary to recognize the vortex structure for studying the light propagation model.A new vortex structure recognition method is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the refractive index field,which is transformed from the turbulent density field,is changed to gray scale images with abundant texture information equivalently.Then,wavelet transform is performed to decompose these images and the entropy values of the wavelet base coefficients are calculated.Comparing the entropy value to a given threshold,the modules with lower entropy are considered to be the large-scale vortex modules while those with higher entropy are small-scale vortex modules.The computer simulation results show that the proposed method is valid to recognize the vortex structures.This paper provides basis for investigation on the optics propagation model in terms of the turbulence vortex structures.     

Acceptability of diets containing olive oil fried sardines (Sardina pilchardus) in the prevention of dietary hypercholesterolaemia in rats

Garlic (Allium sativum L) bulb explants produced undifferentiated white globular callus when grown on MS medium having 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D) and Kinetin (Kn). Such callus when grown on medium having indole-3-yl-acetic acid (IAA) and/or Kn developed into the differentiating callus which had comparatively more allicin than that of undifferentiated callus. The effect of sucrose, NH/NO ratios and hormone concentrations on growth and allicin development in the callus was investigated. There was a significant increase in allicin development in callus when grown for up to 4 weeks on medium (a) having sucrose at 3% and 5% levels; (b) having NH and NO ratios at 2:1 and 1;1; and (c) with Kn alone at a concentration of 0.5 mg litre^?1, which produced a tenfold increase in allicin content.     

径向偏振高次方指数涡旋光束的紧聚焦特性

为了获得一些具有特殊光强分布的波长量级聚焦 光斑,理论研究了具有径 向偏振特性的高次方涡旋光束经过大数值孔径透镜的聚焦。基于矢量德拜理论,对 径向偏振高次方涡旋光束经过大数值孔径透镜聚焦的光强和相位进行了数值模拟 研究。关于聚焦平面光强分布的研究发现,聚焦光斑的光强与高次方涡旋光束的拓 扑荷数和幂次方数有关。拓扑荷数为1的一次方涡旋光束的聚焦光强呈现圆对称分 布,随着光束幂次方数的增加,演变为非圆对称分布。拓扑荷数为2的一次方涡旋 光束的聚焦光斑为中空的圆对称分布,随着光束幂次方数的增加,其暗核形状会变 化并最终消失。紧聚焦的径向偏振光会产生较强的纵向分量,因此本文还研究了光 束的纵向相位分布,研究发现纵向相位奇点的数目与涡旋光束的拓扑荷数相同。获 得了不同光强分布的尺寸为波长量级的聚焦光斑,这些研究结果有望在基于激光的 光学操控中得到应用。     

涡旋电磁波的理论与应用研究进展

无线电技术因实现对信息的快捷传输而蓬勃发展,时至今日,不断增多的通信业务使得不可再生的频谱资源日益紧缺,通信速率也已趋于香农定理的极限。 涡旋电磁波(简称涡旋波)因携带有轨道角动量(Orbital Angular Momentum, OAM)而体现出新的自由度,理论上在任意频率下都具有无穷多种互不干扰的正交模态,在通信领域有望提升频谱效率与通信容量,在雷达成像领域也体现出提高分辨率的潜力,逐渐成为研究热点。 基于此,本文通过调研,概述了涡旋波的理论研究进展;阐述了涡旋波产生、传输、接收等传播链路的研究方法;介绍了涡旋波在无线通信领域与雷达成像领域的应用现状;总结了涡旋波在目前发展中面临的关键问题,并指出其未来研究与发展的方向。     

叶轮参数对旋涡鼓风机性能的影响

结合新产品开发，应用计算流体动力学有关理论对旋涡鼓风机的三维内部流场进行模拟，探讨了鼓风机叶轮参数对其性能的影响，并研究了这些影响的机理性问题。     

旋风分离器非稳态流场的简化分析

定性分析了非稳态旋进涡核在旋风分离器流场中的运动形式及其对流场的影响。按照涡丝在流场中产生诱导速度的原理，提出了旋风分离器流场中有旋进涡核存在时流场的计算方法，通过计算值与实测值的比较发现两者吻合较好。     

Recent applications of particle image velocimetry in aerodynamic research

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is increasingly used to investigate unsteady velocity fields instantaneously. For the first time the PIV technique allows the recording of a complete velocity field in a plane of the flow within a few microseconds. The PIV technique thereby provides information about unsteady flow fields which is difficult to obtain with other experimental techniques. The short acquisition times and fast availability of data reduce the operational time, and hence cost, in large scale wind tunnels and test facilities.

At DLR a variety of PIV systems for use in industrial wind tunnels has been developed in the past decade. The flexibility of these portable systems is illustrated by presenting several results of recent PIV applications. More recently the original photographic means of PIV image recording has been partially replaced by high resolution electronic imaging which can provide PIV data nearly on-line. Images recorded by either system use the same multiple-pass, cross-correlation analysis software, whose algorithms are briefly described. Several examples of actual applications are given: the flow issuing from a jet nozzle was imaged by a specially developed high-speed video camera at close proximity. A high resolution dual-frame digital camera was applied in the study of helicopter rotor aerodynamics and wake vortex measurements of an airplane model. Further, large image sequences exceeding 100 PIV recordings provided detailed information on the structure of a turbulent boundary layer.     

漫湾水电站施工导流中的自由表面漏斗旋涡问题

本文介绍了漫湾水电站施工导流隧洞模型试验中在进口出现自由表面旋涡的成因,后果及为消除旋涡应采取的工程措施,对旋涡研究和工程设计有一定的理论和实用价值.     

大型进水塔的三维有限元动力分析

本文用三维有限元法对黄河上某拟建水库的明流泄洪洞进水塔进行了动力分析,得到了一些有益的结论,为工程设计提供了可靠依据。