膨胀石墨对纯油的吸附性能

以硫酸为插层剂、过氧化氢为氧化荆,用化学法制备了膨胀石墨。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了膨胀石墨的孔状结构,测试了膨胀石墨对纯油的吸附量。结果表明：膨胀石墨具有明显的三级孔状结构,膨胀石墨对原油、齿轮油、液压油和汽油的最大吸附量分别为80、85、60和50g／g,这种结果与油品的粘度有关。     

复杂环境条件下高梯段深孔控制爆破

介绍了柳州市柳石路鸡山工地复杂环境条件下高梯段深孔控制爆破技术。根据工程要求及环境特点,采用3～4排深孔及15排深孔一次起爆的爆破方案;通过选取合理的爆破参数,采用孔内孔外微差网格式闭合起爆网路,严格控制爆破飞石及爆破振动,使爆破工程取得了成功。     

Transport properties of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a)

New equations for the thermal conductivity and the viscosity of R134a that are valid in a wide range of pressures and temperatures are presented. They were obtained through a theoretically based, critical evaluation of the available experimental data, which showed considerable inconsistencies between data sets, in particular in the vapor phase. In the critical region the observed enhancement in the thermal conductivity is well represented by a crossover model for the transport properties of fluids. Since thermodynamic properties enter into the calculation of the critical enhancement of the transport properties, a new fundamental equation for the critical region was developed also.Paper dedicated to Professor Joseph Kestin.     

乌龙茶新品种乌棪的营养成分及感官分析

对乌龙茶新品种乌棪及其嫁接母本大叶乌、黄金桂进行营养成分分析,并对其感官指示及品质指标进行比较,得出初步结论,乌棪的常规营养组成成分与大叶乌、黄金桂无明显差异,滋味及香气较大叶乌为佳,与黄金桂较为接近,同时又有其独特之处,具有较高的推广价值。     

Analysis of errors in the measurement of the volume of natural gas under standard conditions using measurement complexes that incorporate counters

A comparative analysis of techniques used to estimate the errors of measurement complexes that incorporate counters, using as an example measurements of the volume of natural gas from the Tyumen region in the range of absolute pressure 0.1-10 MPa, is conducted. Practical recommendations are given.Translated from Izmeritelnaya Tekhnika, No. 11, pp. 30–35, November, 2004.     

Green Synthesis of Silymarin–Chitosan Nanoparticles as a New Nano Formulation with Enhanced Anti-Fibrotic Effects against Liver Fibrosis

Background: Silymarin (SIL) has long been utilized to treat a variety of liver illnesses, but due to its poor water solubility and low membrane permeability, it has a low oral bioavailability, limiting its therapeutic potential. Aim: Design and evaluate hepatic-targeted delivery of safe biocompatible formulated SIL-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SCNPs) to enhance SIL’s anti-fibrotic effectiveness in rats with CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis. Methods: The SCNPs and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique and are characterized by physicochemical parameters such as particle size, morphology, zeta potential, and in vitro release studies. The therapeutic efficacy of successfully formulated SCNPs and CNPs were subjected to in vivo evaluation studies. Rats were daily administered SIL, SCNPs, and CNPs orally for 30 days. Results: The in vivo study revealed that the synthesized SCNPs demonstrated a significant antifibrotic therapeutic action against CCl₄-induced hepatic injury in rats when compared to treated groups of SIL and CNPs. SCNP-treated rats had a healthy body weight, with normal values for liver weight and liver index, as well as significant improvements in liver functions, inflammatory indicators, antioxidant pathway activation, and lipid peroxidation reduction. The antifibrotic activities of SCNPs were mediated by suppressing the expression of the main fibrosis mediators TGFβR1, COL3A1, and TGFβR2 by boosting the hepatic expression of protective miRNAs; miR-22, miR-29c, and miR-219a, respectively. The anti-fibrotic effects of SCNPs were supported by histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) study. Conclusions: According to the above results, SCNPs might be the best suitable carrier to target liver cells in the treatment of liver fibrosis.     

油基岩屑残渣自悬浮支撑剂的制备及性能评价

目的为了安全有效地处置和利用页岩气开采过程中产生的油基岩屑残渣,采用其烧结陶粒支撑剂,同时,为提高支撑剂在清水中的悬浮性能、改善支撑剂在裂缝中的分布、简化压裂施工工艺、提高压裂增产效果,进行了自悬浮支撑剂的制备与研究。 方法通过聚合反应将聚丙烯胺树脂包覆在支撑剂表面,制得膨胀型自悬浮支撑剂,研究了交联剂用量、单体量、合成温度对自悬浮支撑剂膨胀性能的影响。 结果覆膜材料配比(质量比)为:m(陶粒)∶m(丙烯酰胺)∶m(N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺)∶m(过硫酸铵)∶m(N,N,N′,N′-四甲基乙二胺)=10.000∶2.000∶0.002∶0.020∶0.031时,自悬浮支撑剂性能最佳,其膨胀倍数为4.3,沉降速度为45 mm/s。 结论覆膜支撑剂自悬浮功能的实现主要与聚丙烯酰胺树脂的溶胀有关,树脂的体积膨胀和聚丙烯酰胺分子链向外延伸引起溶液黏度的增加,提升了支撑剂在溶液中的沉降阻力。该研究对拓宽油基岩屑烧结支撑剂的应用范围、提高油基岩屑残渣资源化利用产品附加值有十分重要的意义。      

天然气超声流量计健康状态评价方法初探

目的天然气计量用超声流量计性能诊断主要采用设定参数阈值的诊断方法,为降低误报、漏报等情况,建立了基于生成对抗神经网络(generated adjoint neural network,GAN)和高维非线性无监督学习的超声流量计健康状态系统诊断方法。 方法采用GAN对原始数据进行学习、生成和扩充,保障超声流量计健康状态诊断建模的数据基础,提取超声流量计在运行过程中的健康状态参数并对其进行时序分析,采用高维非线性无监督聚类学习方法,结合超声流量计失效模式分析,对超声流量计设备进行在线的健康状态诊断。 结果结合超声流量计工作原理和现场实际采集数据,对生成的故障数据集进行了验证。 结论能够准确识别超声流量计当前状态,显著解决传统阈值法误报率、漏报率高的问题,为超声流量计健康诊断的统一管理与开发给予支撑。      

Elevation of Tear MMP-9 Concentration as a Biomarker of Inflammation in Ocular Pathology by Antibody Microarray Immunodetection Assays

Matrix metalloproteinases are a family of enzymes fundamental in inflammatory processes. Between them, MMP-9 is up-regulated during inflammation; thus, its quantification in non-invasive fluids is a promising approach for inflammation identification. To this goal, a biomarker quantification test was developed for ocular inflammation detection using anti-MMP-9 antibody microarrays (AbMAs). After validation with eight healthy control tear samples characterized by ELISA, 20 samples were tested from individuals diagnosed with ocular inflammation due to: cataracts, glaucoma, meibomian gland dysfunction, allergy, or dry eye. Concentration values of tear MMP-9 were obtained for each sample, and 12 patients surpassed the pathological threshold (30 ng/mL). A significant elevation of MMP-9 concentration in the tears of glaucoma patients compared with healthy controls was observed. In order to evaluate the diagnostic ability, an ROC curve analysis was performed using our data, determining the optimal threshold for the test at 33.6 ng/mL of tear MMP-9. In addition, a confusion matrix was applied, estimating sensitivity at 60%, specificity at 88%, and accuracy at 68%. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the AbMAs system allows the quantification of MMP-9 in pathologies that involve inflammation of the ocular surface.