观光农业园区节水灌溉技术的应用设计

阐述了观光农业是旅游消费市场的一种新型农业生产经营形态和新兴农业艺术。并简介了观光农业园区中的几种节水灌溉技术及采用节水灌溉后产生的增产增收和节水效益。     

广西横县农业灌溉存在问题与对策

针对广西横县农村水利灌溉现状及存在问题,指出横县必须调整农业产业结构,发展节水农业;在搞好水利工程维护,提高水的利用率的同时,采取合理调水、因地制宜配水、改革灌溉制度、加强节水新技术推广应用等对策。     

水稻不同灌水量的分蘖生产力分析

依据非充分灌溉原理,水稻在适度的水分亏缺的情况下,具有一定的适应和抵抗效应,本项研究利用这一特点,对水稻分蘖阶段进行不同灌水量的试验,探求水稻分蘖期的适宜灌水量及其需水规律。     

大辽河灌溉期潮水位与压潮流量趋势分析

根据2005、2006年大辽河灌溉期水位、流量监测资料,结合潮水位的特性,对大辽河在灌溉期间的潮水位及流量进行了研究,初步计算出大辽河在灌溉期间的灌溉保证流量,以利于灌溉期的提水,确保农田灌溉.     

宁夏引黄灌区井渠双灌节水效益分析

宁夏引黄灌区是重要的粮食生产基地,其农业耗水占据了绝大部分引黄耗水量。本文在以引黄水量为主要灌溉水源、适量采用开采地下水作为补充的基础上,对整个灌区采用地表水与地下水联合灌溉的节水效益进行了定量研究。结果表明,采用井渠双灌现状年引黄灌区十县市可减少渠首引水量1.53×108m3,减少损失水量将达到0.68×108m3。对2010年的预测结果表明,可减少田间引黄灌溉用水量1.95×108m3,减少渠首引黄水量为3.48×108m3,减少输水过程中的损失水量为1.54×108m3,具有显著的节水效益。     

谈如何进行灌区农业灌溉配水到户——以金临渠灌区为例

探讨灌区农业灌溉配水到户的工作内容、主要技术思路和方法,并以江西省金临渠灌区为例,强调了灌区农业灌溉配水到户应注意的几个重要问题,同时提出了开展灌区农业灌溉配水到户工作相关的一些建议．     

Comparative Assessment of New Design Criteria for Irrigation Improvement in Egypt

The Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) has expressed concern about the current high cost of the Irrigation Improvement Project (IIP) implemented in the “old lands” of the lower reaches of the Nile River. Because the IIP is financed through fees paid by the direct beneficiaries of the project, i.e., irrigation water users, these same Egyptian agricultural producers are especially sensitive to the higher than expected costs that the project has incurred to date. The objective of the current study is to evaluate whether this cost reduction is associated with any deficiency in irrigation performance. This Monitoring and Evaluation (M&;E) study aims to answer questions such as: Does reducing pump capacity and increased pump operation affect the farmers negatively? And, does the use of electricity instead of diesel fuel affect the farmers positively? Six indicators were used to compare new design criteria in the W10 and the IIP1 irrigation system designs, water savings, irrigation cost, irrigation time, night irrigation, and land savings. The W10 project design achieved the minimum actual operating cost per unit of area and per unit of water compared to the IIP1 project design on both Meet Yazied and El-Mesk Canals. The total cost per unit of area in the W10 project design is lower than IIP1 by 19.33% and 24.92% on the Meet Yazied and El-Mesk Canals, respectively. The total cost per unit of water in the W10 design is also lower than IIP1 on the Meet Yazied and El-Mesk Canals. Average irrigation time for rice and cotton crops cultivated in the W10 area are higher than average irrigation time for these crops cultivated in the IIP1 area for all locations on the Mesqa (head, middle and tail), because of increased pump operation in the W10 area (16 to 20 h d^???1). The number of irrigation events at the head of the Sefsafa Canal in the W10 area is higher than on the Meet Yazied and El-Mesk Canals in the IIP1 areas because of the increased pump operation in the W10 area.     

渠道防渗与灌溉用水有效利用系数关系分析

分析了渠道防渗措施对灌溉用水有效利用系数的影响,两者总体上成正比关系：针对某一灌区采取何种措施才能更快地提高灌溉用水有效利用系数要作具体分析;针对不同的井渠结合灌区及不同的区域,应根据机井密度、地下水位、渠道引水量及当地降水量等因素进行综合分析来确定其适宜防渗率。     

基于免疫遗传算法优化的投影寻踪灌区综合评价

通过对哈尔滨市郊5个灌区的各项功能参数指标资料的收集与整理,采用高维降维技术投影寻踪分类模型（PPC）,利用基于实码加速免疫遗传算法（RAIGA）优化其投影方向,将多维数据指标（样本评价指标）转换到低维子空间,根据投影函数值的大小评价出样本的优劣,从而做出决策,为各灌区进行评价排序,了解灌区的运行状况。     

灌区灌溉用水保证的概率问题

在对灌区来水和需水随机性分析的基础上，建立了一种确定灌区灌溉用水保证率的计算模型。利用该模型不仅可以进行灌区评价，而且可用于灌溉用水设计，为灌区的规划和管理提供了较为科学的决策依据。文章最后以示例说明了模型的可行性。