自激振荡脉冲射流的研究与进展

指出了自激振荡脉冲射流的产生机理,概述了国内外主要的研究和应用成果,并对这些成果进行分析后指出：目前的研究方法主要基于经验,基于理论或基于方法;目前主要的应用领域为石油钻井、油罐清淤和渔业充氧等.最后对进一步研究的方向和应用的领域作出了展望,可为相关研究参考.     

喷嘴偏心距对射流泵性能影响的数值模拟

对射流泵内部流动进行了数值模拟,计算了射流泵在不同喷嘴偏心距下的性能参数,分析了射流泵喷嘴轴线偏离泵体轴线的偏心距对其性能和流场的影响.结果表明:喷嘴偏心距对射流泵大流量比工况的性能有较大的影响,而对小流量比工况影响较小,可忽略不计;随着偏心距的增加,射流泵效率最高点下降并向流量比小的方向移动.在工程应用中,射流泵同轴度精度要求可以定为12级以上.     

油性颜料型彩色喷墨墨水的性能研究

以丙烯酸甲酯,甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酰胺为单体,经过自由基共聚,再经Hofmann降解反应,合成了带有胺基的丙烯酸酯类的共聚物。将该共聚物作为喷墨墨水中的连接料,达到增强颜料在墨水中的分散稳定性的目的。用红外光谱确定了酰胺基到胺基的转化。测定了带胺基的聚丙烯酸酯的连接料含量与墨水体系稳定性、沉降率的关系。带胺基的聚丙烯酸酯的连接料配制成的墨水,体系稳定性好,置于扫描电镜下观察,颜料具有较好的颗粒粒径和分布。     

磨料水射流切割速率平滑处理算法的仿真优化

在S型曲线加减速算法的基础上,设计开发了一种新的速度变化率与插补位置的非线性算法,得到一种新的速率平滑处理方法.并针对水射流切割速度对切割质量的主要影响因素,进行了一系列的速率处理方式变化、速率平滑处理下加减速距离变化的模拟实验,从而找到水射流切割速率与切割质量的关系和规律.     

Progress on the hydraulic measures for grid slotting and fracking to enhance coal seam permeability

A method of hydraulic grid slotting and hydraulic fracturing was proposed to enhance the permeability of low permeability coal seam in China. Micro-structural development and strength characteristics of coal were analysed to set up the failure criterion of coal containing water and gas, which could describe the destruction rule of coal containing gas under the hydraulic measures more accurately. Based on the theory of transient flow and fluid grid, the numerical calculation model of turbulence formed by high pressure oscillating water jet was used. With the high speed photography test, dynamic evolution and pulsation characteristics of water jet water analysed which laid a foundation for mechanism analysis of rock damage under water jet. Wave equation of oscillating water jet slotting was established and the mechanism of coal damage by the impact stress wave under oscillation jet was revealed. These provide a new method to study the mechanism of porosity and crack damage under high pressure jet.Fracture criterion by jet slotting was established and mechanism of crack development controlled by crack zone between slots was found. The fractures were induced to extend along pre-set direction,instead of being controlled by original stress field. The model of gas migration through coal seams after the hydraulic measures for grid slotting and fracking was established. The key technology and equipment for grid slotting and fracking with high-pressure oscillating jet were developed and applied to coal mines in Chongqing and Henan in China. The results show that the gas permeability of coal seam is enhanced by three orders of magnitude, efficiency of roadway excavation and mining is improved by more than 57%and the cost of gas control is reduced by 50%.     

水平旋喷桩加固技术在隧道细砂层中的应用

国内隧道施工技术向“长、大、深”趋势发展,伴随而来的是开挖中遇到各类复杂不良地质,如何既保证施工安全又保证开挖质量,是隧道施工穿越不良地质研究改进的重点。文章结合浩吉铁路王家湾隧道细砂层段落开挖施工,运用水平旋喷技术对软弱不良地层进行加固,形成壳状止水固结体,提高了围岩稳定性,有效解决了隧道开挖过程中涌砂、涌水等问题,保证了施工安全,为类似不良地质隧道施工提供了借鉴经验,具有明显的经济效益和一定的推广价值。     

三种湍流模型在空气射流数值模拟上的性能比较

标准方程模型、RNG方程模型和零方程模型是通风空调工程上最为常用的湍流方程模型.本文对三种湍流模型进行了介绍,并用三者对百叶风口空气射流进行了模拟.模拟结果表明,与其它两种方程模型相比,采用标准方程模型,无论是轴心速度衰减还是断面速度分布,与实测最为吻合,而采用零方程模型与实测差别较大.     

气雾射流动态传热实验研究

设计搭建了气雾射流动态传热实验装置,建立了二维非稳态导热反问题模型,研究了表面温度和表面热流密度的时间分布.结果表明在冷却过程中缸体穿越喷射区与淌水区历经了几个不同的换热阶段,温度曲线出现了明显的周期性的特点,成功的模拟了连铸二冷气雾冷却周期性换热的特征.     

海上风电单桩基础服役状态现场监测

为了解风电结构在复杂环境中的真实服役状态,对2个风电单桩基础机位先后开展结构振动监测和水下地形扫测,通过分析现场实测数据,分析包含振动特性和冲刷情况在内的风机支撑结构服役状态,并结合设计数据对实测结果进行讨论。现场测试分析结果可为海上风电结构的服役状态监测和设计优化研究提供参考。     

Behavior of Ni-Al particles in argon: Helium plasma jets

To better understand the plasma spray coating process, an experimental study of the interaction between a subsonic thermal plasma jet and injected nickel- aluminum particles was performed. The velocity, temperature, and composition of the argon/helium gas flow field was mapped using an enthalpy probe/mass spectrometer system. The sprayed particle flow field was examined by simultaneously measuring the size, velocity, and temperature of individual particles. Particle and gas temperatures were compared at the nominal substrate stand- off distance and axially along the median particle trajectory. Temperature and velocity differences between the particle and the gas surrounding it are shown to vary substantially depending on the trajectory of the particles. On the median trajectory, the average particle is transferring heat and momentum back to the plasma by the time it reaches the substrate. Because the exchange of heat and momentum is highly dependent on the particle residence time in the core of the plasma, the condition of particles at the substrate can be optimized by controlling the particle trajectory through the plasma.