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71.
在高速气流粉碎作用下PVC的力化学降解及形态变化的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过GPT、FT-IR、SEM和力学性能测试,研究了在高速气流作用下聚氯乙烯(PVC)的力化学降解反应、颗粒形态和微晶结构变化及其对PVC物理、力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,经过高速气流处理PVC,分子量将有所降低,晶体结构发生变化,颗粒尺寸和表观密度降低,比表面积增大,加工性能和力学性能得到明显改善。 相似文献
72.
填充HDPE复合材料基体结晶形态的控制因素 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
本文以HDPE/玻璃微珠和HDPE/CaCO3体系为研究模型,通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、偏光显微、小角激光散射和材料力学性能实验等方法考察了这两种体系的界面粘结性、填料含量、粒径及试样成型冷却速率等与其材料性能及基体结晶形态变化间的关系。实验结果表明;在复合材料试样成型过程中,因基体树脂冷却收缩而产生的界面应力可干扰基体中球晶的生长环境,应变诱导填料颗粒周围基体树脂的结晶,促使其表面伸展链晶体结构的形成,并由此而明显改变了复合材料的耐热性;复合材料的界面粘结性是产生这种应变诱导作用,并控制异相结晶的关键。 相似文献
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An automatic image analysis method was developed to determine the shape and size of spheroidal cells from a time series of differential interference contrast (DIC) images. The program incorporates an edge detection algorithm and dynamic programming for edge linking. To assess the accuracy and working range of the method, results from DIC images of different focal planes and resolutions were compared to confocal images in which the cell membrane was fluorescently labelled. The results indicate that a 1‐µm focal drift from the in‐focus plane can lead to an overestimation of cell volume up to 14.1%, mostly due to shadowing effects of DIC microscopy. DIC images allow for accurate measurements when the focal plane lies in a zone slightly above the centre of a spherical cell. In this range the method performs with 1.9% overall volume error without taking into account the error introduced by the representation of the cell as a sphere. As a test case, the method was applied to quantify volume changes due to acute changes of osmotic stress. 相似文献
76.
R. C. Ecob 《Journal of microscopy》1985,137(3):313-337
Whereas models of the structure and periodicity of CSL or near CSL high angle grain boundaries are relatively well developed and have been to some extent verified by experiment, the nature of more general (e.g. fcc/bcc) interfaces is very imperfectly understood. One of the major differences between homo- and heterophase boundaries is the occurrence, in the latter case, of reproducible orientation relationships due to the crystallographic requirements of phase transformation (e.g. a glissile interface for martensitic growth, low energy interfaces for classical nucleation). A review is given of the relationships commonly observed to obtain between fcc and bcc crystals (as well as ordered phases based upon these structures). Within a given relationship, it is possible to use models of the available interfaces to predict their dislocation content; the success of the various approaches is considered. It is shown that the dislocation arrays identified on fcc/bcc boundaries are consistent with the occurrence of a primary structural relaxation, but that the latter does not appear to be complete. Possible reasons for this are discussed, together with the extent to which secondary structural models may be applicable. Attempts to rationalize the observed orientation relationships and morphologies are discussed, and it is pointed out that these all rely on searches for situations of minimum primary misfit, but that the way in which the latter is quantified determines the results of the analyses. Nevertheless, the implication is that the primary misfit does appear to determine the actual behaviour, though no structural or mechanistic conclusions can safely be drawn from this observation. 相似文献
77.
MCS接枝共聚物的结构和形态 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
将甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、苯乙烯(S)在氯化聚乙烯(CPE)存在下进行悬浮接枝共聚,获得MCS树脂。本文着重考察了MCS树脂的化学结构及胶粒形态。结果表明,确实发生了接枝共聚。CPE用量、RSH含量、引发剂浓度、反应温度、溶胀时间及聚合转化率对MCS树脂的接枝率、接枝效率均有影响。MCS树脂是接枝共聚物、MMA/S共聚物与MMA均聚物的混合物,橡胶相CPE在MCS树脂中的分散情况为“海岛结构”, 相似文献
78.
Image segmentation towards new image representation methods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Diogo Cortez Paulo Nunes Manuel Menezes de Sequeira Fernando Pereira 《Signal Processing: Image Communication》1995,6(6):485-498
Very low bit-rate video coding has recently become one of the most important areas of image communication and a large variety of applications have already been identified. Since conventional approaches are reaching a saturation point, in terms of coding efficiency, a new generation of video coding techniques, aiming at a deeper “understanding” of the image, is being studied. In this context, image analysis, particularly the identification of objects or regions in images (segmentation), is a very important step. This paper describes a segmentation algorithm based on split and merge. Images are first simplified using mathematical morphology operators, which eliminate perceptually less relevant details. The simplified image is then split according to a quad tree structure and the resulting regions are finally merged in three steps: merge, elimination of small regions and control of the number of regions. 相似文献
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