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981.
Sathya Ramasamy Ananthi Selvarajan Vaidehi Kaliyaperumal Prasanth Aruchamy 《Concurrency and Computation》2023,35(8):e7615
In today's world, identifying the owner and proprietor of a vehicle that violates driving rules or does any unintentional work on the street is a challenging task. Inspection of each driver's license number takes a long time for a highway police officer. To overcome this, many researchers have introduced an automated number plate recognition approach which is usually a computer vision-based technique to identify the vehicle's registration plate. However, the existing recognition approaches are lagged to extract the influential features which degrade the detection accuracy and increase the misclassification errors. In this article, a novel automated number plate recognition methodology has been proposed to identify the number plates accurately with minimal error rates. Primary, a new pretrained location-dependent ultra convolutional neural network (LUCNN) is employed to learn the influential features from the input images. These obtained features are then fed into hybrid single-shot fully convolutional detectors with a support vector machine (SSVM) classifier to separate the vehicle's city, model, and number from the registration location. At varied automobile distances, the proposed LUCNN + SSVM model is able to retrieve the number plate regions in the picture acquired from its back end. The performance results manifest that the proposed LUCNN + SSVM model attains a better accuracy of 98.75% and a lesser error range of 1.25% than the existing recognition models. 相似文献
982.
José M. Asua 《加拿大化工杂志》2023,101(9):4907-4913
Emulsion polymerization is the method of choice to produce a wide range of specialty waterborne polymer dispersions. These are multicharacteristic products that should meet conflicting application properties and are produced through a very complex process prone to suffer run-to-run irreproducibilities. In a scenario of increasing competition and smaller margins, achieving even more efficient production of better materials in a consistent, cost effective, safe, and environmentally friendly way will only be possible by implementing on-line control. However, on-line control is hindered by the lack of sensors able to monitor most of the characteristics of the emulsion polymers. This perspective discusses the state-of-the-art of the on-line control of emulsion polymerization reactors highlighting the achievements, challenges, and opportunities. 相似文献
983.
Markus Diantoro Istiqomah Istiqomah Yusril Al Fath Nasikhudin Nasikhudin Yatimah Alias Worawat Meevasana 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2023,20(4):2077-2098
The development of materials and electrochemical energy storage (EES) technologies are currently taking the lead and showing excellent performance in the global effort to tackle the issues of sustainable energy supply. Supercapacitors have been widely studied among the EES technologies as they exhibit quick charging rates under high-power conditions. Manganese dioxide (MnO2) has attracted renewed interest as a promising material due to its high theoretical capacitance and high energy density. However, the widespread application is immediately impacted by low conductivity. Hence, combining nanomaterials and various morphologies of MnO2 can improve the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. This paper presents a review based on the composites of nanomaterials/MnO2 with various morphologies. Their mechanism and practical applications in supercapacitors are introduced in detail. Finally, the challenges and next steps in developing MnO2 electrode materials are proposed. 相似文献
984.
985.
Gülşah Çalışkan Koç Hira Yüksel Sarıoğlu Safiye Nur Dirim Ravi Pandiselvam 《Journal of texture studies》2024,55(1):e12803
The objective of this study was to investigate how the various storage temperatures affected the physical properties, flow characteristics, microstructure, and glass transition temperature of spinach juice agglomerates. For this purpose, spray-dried spinach juice powders were processed to agglomerates by using a modified fluidized bed dryer (1.6 m/s airflow rate, 60°C drying air temperature, 20 min processing time, and with different binder solutions containing agents as maltodextrin, gum Arabic, and whey powder isolate). The analyses were carried out every month throughout 6 months while the spinach juice agglomerates were stored at temperatures of 4, 20, and 35°C. The results revealed that over the storage time, the moisture content and water activity values of the agglomerates were generally under 11% and 0.6, respectively. The color values generally showed a decreasing trend depending on the storage time. The solubility times of the samples stored at 4°C were longer than those of stored at other storage temperatures. The SJA-GA had the lowest HR and CI values and thus the best flowability properties during all storage times. There was no detectable change in the structures of SJA stored at 20°C according to the storage time. Throughout the storage time, it was discovered that the glass transition temperature of all spinach juice agglomerates was remarkably similar. Overall, the investigation revealed that storage at 35°C for 6 months might be suitable because it delivered the intended outcomes such as greater flowability and cohesiveness, and shorter wettability and solubility times. 相似文献
986.
Yang Xiao;Huifeng Yao;Zhihao Chen;Ni Yang;Chang Eun Song;Jingwen Wang;Zi Li;Yue Yu;Du Hyeon Ryu;Won Suk Shin;Xiaotao Hao;Jianhui Hou; 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2024,20(5):2305631
Non-fused electron acceptors have huge advantages in fabricating low-cost organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. However, morphology control is a challenge as non-fused C─C single bonds bring more molecular conformations. Here, by selecting two typical polymer donors, PBDB-TF and PBQx-TF, the blend morphologies and its impacts on the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of non-fused acceptor-based OPV cells are studied. A selenium-containing non-fused acceptor named ASe-5 is designed. The results suggest that PBQx-TF has a lower miscibility with ASe-5 when compared with PBDB-TF. Additionally, the polymer networks may form earlier in the PBQx-TF:ASe-5 blend film due to stronger preaggregation performance, leading to a more obvious phase separation. The PBQx-TF:ASe-5 blend film shows faster charge transfer and suppressed charge recombination. As a result, the PBQx-TF:ASe-5-based device records a good PCE of 14.7% with a higher fill factor (FF) of 0.744, while the PBDB-TF:ASe-5-based device only obtains a moderate PCE of 12.3% with a relatively low FF of 0.662. The work demonstrates that the selection of donors plays a crucial role in controlling the blend morphology and thus improving the PCEs of non-fused acceptor-based OPV cells. 相似文献
987.
Mitchell G. A. Wheatley Darryl G. Thelen Kevin J. Deluzio Michael J. Rainbow 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2021,18(181)
The patellofemoral joint plays a crucial mechanical role during walking and running. It increases the knee extensor mechanism''s moment arm and reduces the knee extension muscle forces required to generate the extension moment that supports body weight, prevents knee buckling and propels the centre of mass. However, the mechanical implications of moment arm variation caused by patellofemoral and tibiofemoral motion remain unclear. We used a data-driven musculoskeletal model with a 12-degree-of-freedom knee to simulate the knee extension moment arm during walking and running. Using a geometric method to calculate the moment arm, we found smaller moment arms during running than during walking in the swing phase. Overall, knee flexion causes differences between running and walking moment arms as increased flexion causes a posterior shift in the tibiofemoral rotation axis and patella articulation with the distal femur. Moment arms were also affected by knee motion direction and best predicted by separating by direction instead of across the entire gait cycle. Furthermore, we found high inter-subject variation in the moment arm that was largely explained by out-of-plane motion. Our results are consistent with the concept that shorter moment arms increase the effective mechanical advantage of the knee and may contribute to increased running velocity. 相似文献
988.
Shuo Zhang Jiajun Jiang Qin Jiang Wenjie Fei Chuan Fei Guo Zhigang Wu 《Advanced Materials Technologies》2021,6(6):2001274
Due to their excellent conformability and inherent compatibility, soft three-dimensional (3D) circuits can promisingly contribute to soft intelligent systems, i.e., soft robots equipped with dynamic and sophisticated morphologies. However, current processing technologies have almost focused on fabricating planar or 3D circuits on static objects, which restrict the feasibility when targeting on dynamic/morphing surfaces in case of mismatched stress or strain. Here, a conformal mask printing method, based on selective laser patterninga conformal, attachable and dynamic (CAD) film made of carbon black-doped polydimethylsiloxane (cPDMS) is reported. Combining with the unique fluidity of liquid alloy, the new CAD-mask allows to conformably print dynamic compliant liquid alloy circuits on various complex and morphing surfaces. To illustrate the capability of the approach, 3D conformal circuits are fabricated on a steering wheel for detecting driving modes, on a face model to achieve anthropomorphic layer, and demonstrate the fabrication process on adynamic shape-changing elastomeric heart and a human hand. The approach offers a new opportunity for real-timely configuring dynamic compliant circuits on morphing substrates of soft electronics/robotics. 相似文献
989.
Mohammad Zakertabrizi Ehsan Hosseini Asghar Habibnejad Korayem Amir Razmjou 《Advanced Materials Technologies》2021,6(10):2001049
Balancing ionic selectivity against permeability in filters made from graphene remains a challenge today. Interlayer distance, as the most important factor, dominates nearly all aspects of the flow inside the channel, from the formation of water molecules to the hydration shell of the ions. Unraveling the effects of the interlayer distance on the proton diffusion process helps lay a foundation for the cutting-edge proton conduction technology. Here, the reactive molecular dynamics simulations are used to probe the proton flow through a series of hydrated graphene channels with different interlayer distance values. The results show that the proton-selectivity experiences a sharp increase when the channel height is reduced to values under 8 Å, which is near the end of the hydration radii range of the monovalent and divalent cations. Reducing the interlayer distance also decreases the number of confined water molecules, consequently reducing the proton diffusion rate as the hopping platform fades. This way, spatial hindrance combined with the proton-selective Grotthuss mechanism provide a proton-exclusive membrane. The outputs of this work can be used for the optimization of proton-exclusive nanochannels and to serve affordable proton-exchange membranes (PEMs) for technological advancement in diverse fields from PEM fuel cells to storing liquid hydrogen. 相似文献
990.
目的:对4种唇形科植物叶表面腺毛发育过程中形态结构变化,进一步探讨其内含物释放途径。方法:采用场发射扫描电子显微镜对薄荷、藿香、留兰香、东风菜叶片表面腺毛发育形态进行观察。结果:4种植物叶片表面均分布有盾状及头状两种类型腺毛,两种类型腺毛发育后期均被观察到不同类型形态坍塌,此外薄荷和东风菜盾状腺毛还被观察到有角质层开裂现象。结论:推测4种药用植物腺毛分泌物可能以分子形式直接渗透出松散角质层释放;薄荷和东风菜盾状腺毛内含物还可能通过角质层裂缝释放至植物体表面,该研究将为被毛药用植物腺毛\"外在形\"与成分\"内在质\"关系研究提供参考。 相似文献