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101.
CBERS-02星CCD数据土地利用分类方法研究——以江苏省宜兴地区为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以江苏省宜兴地区为试验区,首先进行了CBERS-02星CCD数据的图像预处理,然后利用ERDASI-MAGINE和Definiens7.0等软件,采用非监督分类、监督分类、混合监督分类、面向对象四种分类方法进行了土地利用分类,并将影像分类结果进行了精度评价分析。结果表明:在一级地类的提取中,面向对象的最邻近分类器的分类精度最低,混合监督分类的精度最高;在二级地类的提取中,面向对象的特征阈值法得到的分类结果较好,能够轻松提取传统分类方法难于提取的地类。 相似文献
102.
县级尺度农村居民点景观格局时空分异研究——以徐州市睢宁县为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以TM/ETM+影像为基础数据源,基于3S技术及景观分析软件Fragstats对1995-2005年徐州市睢宁县的农村居民点景观格局进行动态分析,并使用马尔科夫模型对睢宁县2010年农村居民点景观格局进行预测。结果表明:1995-2010年徐州市睢宁县的农村居民点景观格局呈破碎化趋势,土地利用斑块数增加,斑块平均面积下降,面积加权平均形状指数上升,平均分维度小幅上升,散布与并列指数和香农多样性指数均在下降。随着城镇扩展、农田开发等人类干扰的不断加剧,景观生态环境保护与经济开发之间的矛盾将愈加突出。 相似文献
103.
传统的高分辨率遥感卫星光谱分辨率较低,WorldView卫星在8个可见光G近红外多光谱波段的基础上,新增加的8个短波红外(short wave infrared,SWIR)影像,有助于提高影像提取地物信息能力。分析了WorldView卫星的16波段影像上各种地物的光谱特征和分类性能,提出了新的植被指数、水体指数和建成区指数。实验表明,相比于8波段影像,使用16波段影像分类能够显著提高各类地物特别是裸地、建筑物和道路的分类精度,总体精度提高约5.5%。基于16波段设计的新地物特征指数能更好地避免干扰地物,通过简单阈值提取地物,取得较高的提取精度。 相似文献
104.
105.
Persistent Scatterers Interferometry detects and measures ground subsidence in Lisbon 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sandra I.N. Heleno Luís G.S. Oliveira Maria J. Henriques 《Remote sensing of environment》2011,115(8):2152-2167
Results from the application of Persistent Scatterers Interferometry in Lisbon Metropolitan Area revealed two previously unknown subsiding urban areas: one (Laranjeiras) is located in the center of Lisbon; another (Vialonga) is to be found toward the North, in an industrial region crossed by Lisbon's main highway and railway lines. The two subsiding sectors are bordered by sharp velocity gradients, and the subsidence pattern appears partially delimited by mapped geologic faults. Surface geology and urbanization alone are unable to explain the phenomena. In the Vialonga area, the historical record of water pore pressure shows a clear decline of the levels (up to 65 m in 27 years), providing evidence of over-exploitation of groundwater resources. Limited information from wells drilled inside and outside the subsidence area points to a spatial correlation between the subsidence and the water pressure levels, and suggests that faults could be acting as hydraulic barriers in the aquifer system. The surface subsidence detected is probably caused by compaction of a clay-rich Oligocene-aged aquitard, led by over-exploitation of adjacent aquifers. The same Oligocene aquitard layer is present in the Laranjeiras area, immediately bellow a multi-layered sand-clay-limestone Miocene aquifer, but further work is needed to diagnose the possibility of over-exploitation of groundwater here. In this work we were able to independently confirm the PSI results, by comparing autonomous PSI results processed for the same geographical areas, and by comparing PSI with leveling and continuous GPS derived subsidence velocities, whose close match provided further ground validation of the space-borne PSI technique. 相似文献
106.
107.
Full instrumental rationality and perfect institutions are two cornerstoneassumptions underlying neoclassical models. However, in the real world, thesetwo assumptions never hold, especially not in developing countries. In thispaper, we develop a game theoretical model to investigate if relaxations inthe full instrumental rationality and perfect institutions premise can explainthe conflicts that have been occurring between the various principals in theNarok district in Kenya with regard to land tenure and use. 相似文献
108.
Calculating soil nutrient balances in Africa at different scales 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
E. M. A. Smaling J. J. Stoorvogel P. N. Windmeijer 《Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems》1993,35(3):237-250
Nutrient balances were calculated for the arable soils of 38 sub-Saharan African countries. FAO production figures and forecasts for 35 crops for the period 1982–1984 and for 2000 were used to define land use systems, further characterized by fertility input through fertilizers, manure, rain and dust, biological N-fixation, and sedimentation, and fertility output through harvest of crops and removal of residues, leaching, denitrification, and erosion. The summarized output of the study is the sum of inputs minus the sum of outputs of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the root zone. The alarming annual average nutrient loss for sub-Saharan Africa was 22 kg N, 2.5 kg P, and 15 kg K in 1982–84, and will be 26 kg N, 3 kg P, and 19 kg K in 2000. As the soil nutrient pool has to offset the negative balances each year, there is gross nutrient mining in sub-Saharan Africa. The need for integrated systems of nutrient management is emphasized, manipulating all inputs and outputs in a judicious way. Future scenarios of continued mining and conservation of soil fertility are discussed. 相似文献
109.
110.
Janwillem Liebrand Margreet Z. Zwarteveen Philippus Wester Barbara van Koppen 《国际水》2013,38(7):773-787
Through investigating the reactions of commercial farmers to land and water reforms in the Trichardtsdal-Ofcolaco area, Limpopo Province, Olifants Basin, South Africa, from 1997 to 2006, it is shown that water claims are key to land redistribution processes, and that commercial farmers make strategic use of arguments for nature conservation and ecological stewardship to defend their claims to water. Given these observations, caution is warranted with respect to the implementation of land and water reforms as separate policy packages; it may be more effective to design water and conservation policies as an integral part of land reform programmes. 相似文献