矿井作业区域环境安全评价系统的设计与实现

分析了现有煤矿安全监控系统的状况,在安全监测的基础上建立了作业区域危险程度分级判定的评价模型,设计了一个矿井作业区域环境安全评价系统,详细介绍了该系统的设计思想、系统结构原理及主要功能。该系统可对煤矿井下主要作业区域生产安全的环境参数的变化进行动态分析和综合评价,并以不同的颜色给出该作业区域的危险等级,为保证井下作业人员的环境安全提供参考依据。该评价系统可独立运行,也可作为安全监控系统的功能组件运行。     

基于GIS和神经网络的泥石流危险性评价系统

基于ArcEngine组件和．Net集成开发天山公路泥石流危险性评价系统,将GIS技术和神经网络集成应用于泥石流危险性评价中,发挥GIS强大的空间信息可视化管理和分析功能以及神经网络的非线性描述和分析功能,实现泥石流危险性评价的可视化管理,为工程决策者和管理人员提供一种强有力的决策支持方案。     

Region with velocity constraints: map information and its usage for safe motion planning of a mobile robot in a public environment

Recently, various autonomous mobile robots have been developed for practical use. To support the coexistence of robots and humans in real environments, we propose a concept named ‘Region with Velocity Constraints (RVC),’ which is set around hazardous areas. RVCs are regions where the velocities of the robot are constrained to predefined values. Inside the RVCs, the robot has to reduce its translational velocity to avoid predicted hazards such as collisions with obstacles, and to reduce its rotational velocity to prevent undesirable motions such as sharp turns. We also propose a motion planning method for navigating the mobile robot in an environment with RVCs based on the Navigation Function and Global Dynamic Window Approach. Our method generates a trajectory satisfying both translational and rotational velocity constraints to be compatible with the surroundings. Moreover, to demonstrate the validity of our method, we performed numerical simulations and experiments.     

基于攻击图的工控系统脆弱性量化方法

提出了一种基于攻击图的工控系统脆弱性量化研究方法. 从工控系统中存在的漏洞利用难度和漏洞危害性两个维度出发, 同时结合具体的工业系统中有关防御强度、攻击强度、物理损失、信息损失等方面, 提出了一系列的脆弱性量化指标, 制定了比较全面的等级划分标准. 之后将量化指标与攻击图相结合, 利用攻击过程中每一步的原子攻击期望来对可能存在的所有攻击路径进行脆弱性分析. 最后以典型的锅炉控制系统作为实验背景进行了案例分析. 实验结果表明, 该方法能够较全面地分析工控系统中潜在的隐患威胁, 科学合理地评估各条攻击路径的脆弱性, 由此得到总攻击期望最大的攻击路径.     

改进OR1200 CPU流水线的设计

流水线是制造高性能CPU的关键技术,目前被广泛研究的OR1200是一款带有四级流水线的免费开源CPU. 为了提高流水线的效率,针对OR1200没有设计访存流水段,流水线会暂停等待加载存储类指令这个问题,在LSU操作即访存操作模块,为OR1200增加了访存流水段,设计了冒险检测和旁路单元,因此CPU在访存阶段不需要暂停,从而使OR1200变为真正的五级流水线CPU;另一方面,当需要用加载指令加载数据的时候,会导致加载类数据冒险问题,为了解决此类冒险,设计了数据有效信号Tag,用来控制流水线暂停,对乘法计算、访存阶段以及其他不能在执行阶段得到结果的运算作流水线暂停判断,以等待数据的获取. 通过实验仿真证明,Tag信号暂停流水线一个时钟后会把数据反馈回去,成功解决了必须暂停数据相关问题的暂停判断问题.     

基于无线传感器网络的坡面异常信号检测方法研究

提出了一种适用于硬件资源受限的传感器节点的坡面异常信号检测方法,数据的采集和异常检测在节点前端完成,能提高监测实时性,降低数据传输的通信能耗.传感器节点采集坡面加速度数据,通过对训练数据进行经验模态分解得到本征模函数的上包络,并对该包络数据进行高斯建模自适应学习确定检测阈值.对监测数据经验模态分解得到上包络数据,运用3α原则与检测阈值进行比较实现异常信号判别.通过算法仿真和实际部署测试得到该方法检测精度为98%,具有一定的实用价值.     

A fuzzy reasoning and fuzzy-analytical hierarchy process based approach to the process of railway risk information: A railway risk management system

Risk management is becoming increasingly important for railway companies in order to safeguard their passengers and employees while improving safety and reducing maintenance costs. However, in many circumstances, the application of probabilistic risk analysis tools may not give satisfactory results because the risk data are incomplete or there is a high level of uncertainty involved in the risk data. This article presents the development of a risk management system for railway risk analysis using fuzzy reasoning approach and fuzzy analytical hierarchy decision making process. In the system, fuzzy reasoning approach (FRA) is employed to estimate the risk level of each hazardous event in terms of failure frequency, consequence severity and consequence probability. This allows imprecision or approximate information in the risk analysis process. Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP) technique is then incorporated into the risk model to use its advantage in determining the relative importance of the risk contributions so that the risk assessment can be progressed from hazardous event level to hazard group level and finally to railway system level. This risk assessment system can evaluate both qualitative and quantitative risk data and information associated with a railway system effectively and efficiently, which will provide railway risk analysts, managers and engineers with a method and tool to improve their safety management of railway systems and set safety standards. A case study on risk assessment of shunting at Hammersmith depot is used to illustrate the application of the proposed risk assessment system.     

滑坡体临滑声发射监测主机的设计

基于滑坡体临滑时因岩石断裂、岩石摩擦而产生声发射的特点,提出一种基于声发射监测的滑坡体临滑监测主机的设计方案。系统能监测的声发射频率范围为1Hz～20kHz,能监测的最小声压为0.002Pa。通过安装在滑坡体附近的声发射传感器,连续监测和记录滑坡体临滑时产生的声发射,可用于分析其变化规律和特征,从而实现对滑坡灾害的预测预报。     

基于多传感器数据融合的微下击暴流感知

针对微下击暴流的风场特性和几种任务传感器的探测原理,研究基于多传感器数据融合的微下击暴流感知和威胁评估方案.采用扩展卡尔曼滤波的方法建立微下击暴流的解析模型,提出改进的迭代算法实现数据融合并降低参数估计的计算量,依照所建模型进行威胁度评估.仿真实例中选用前视红外(FLIR)和激光雷达(Lidar)探测的风速数据对方案进行验证,并计算F因子,评估其威胁度.     

小型水库大坝安全分类初步分析

结合小型水库,对国内外的大坝安全分类进行了初步分析。认为按库容划分小型水库的标准单一,三类坝的安全分类难以反映小型水库的大坝风险,建议对大坝安全进行风险分类。