Flight and landing behavior ofTrypodendron lineatum (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in response to different semiochemicals

The responses of the striped ambrosia beetle,Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), to modified drainpipe traps baited with the host attractant ethanol, the aggregation pheromone lineatin, both alone and in combination, were studied in a wind tunnel. Exposure of males to ethanol increased their frequency of steady, upwind flight; however, only lineatin was effective in inducing them to land on and enter the traps. In contrast, exposure of females to either ethanol or lineatin alone resulted in an increased frequency of trap landing and entry. Both compounds released simultaneously did not significantly increase the frequency of trap landing and entry for either sex. These responses are consistent with the life history strategies used by both sexes to seek and colonize suitable host material.     

基坑加固扰动引起地铁隧道隆起变形

针对如何控制上方基坑底部加固扰动引起下卧地铁隧道的变形、确保地铁安全运营的问题.结合上海市浦东新区东方路-张扬路地下立交工程,在考虑隧道等效刚度、施工卸荷以及加固抑制回弹的效果等因素的基础上,对上方搅拌桩施工扰动引起正在运营地铁隧道的竖向隆起变形进行了机理分析,推导出基于Winkler模型计算隧道竖向位移的方法并进行了理论计算.结果表明:上层加固扰动引起隧道的竖向位移是非常可观的,需引起足够重视.并将计算结果和实测数据进行了对比.在此研究基础上提出了一系列控制上层搅拌桩施工引起运营地铁隧道位移的施工方法.     

The impact of CCT on driving safety in the normal and accident situation: A VR-based experimental study

Correlated color temperature (CCT) of the light source inside the road tunnel plays a crucial role in ensuring driving safety, which is demonstrated by previous studies that CCT influences not only visual effects but also non-visual effects. Although conventional laboratory experiments could simulate the CCT environment inside the tunnel to some extent, they fail to restore driving experience, let alone simulate driving behavior in the accident situation. It has largely remained unclear whether and how CCT would influence visual/non-visual performance of the subjects who are performing driving tasks, especially in the accident situation. Motivated by this gap, a virtual-reality-based framework for assessing the influence of CCT on the visual and non/visual performance in normal driving situation and in accident situation was proposed. In this study, tunnel models under seven different CCTs were created and a rear-end accident was designed in the tunnel. By integrating analog driving equipment, all participants were required to perform virtual driving tasks both in the normal situation and in the accident situation. The non-visual performance (driving fatigue) and the visual performance (reaction time) of the participants were collected and analyzed. Results show that the CCT of light source inside the tunnel was significant on the driving fatigue of the driver who was performing driving task, and it also had a significant impact on the visual performance when the driver was faced with a rear-end accident. Detailed experimental methodology, behavioral explanations underlying these findings, validity of results and practical implications are also discussed in the paper.     

水平旋喷桩加固技术在隧道细砂层中的应用

国内隧道施工技术向“长、大、深”趋势发展,伴随而来的是开挖中遇到各类复杂不良地质,如何既保证施工安全又保证开挖质量,是隧道施工穿越不良地质研究改进的重点。文章结合浩吉铁路王家湾隧道细砂层段落开挖施工,运用水平旋喷技术对软弱不良地层进行加固,形成壳状止水固结体,提高了围岩稳定性,有效解决了隧道开挖过程中涌砂、涌水等问题,保证了施工安全,为类似不良地质隧道施工提供了借鉴经验,具有明显的经济效益和一定的推广价值。     

化学灌浆在输水隧洞渗漏处理中的运用

福清市闽江调水工程输水隧洞,原地下水较活跃,后经水泥灌浆,堵住大部分水,但渗漏现象还比较严重,难以靠单一的水泥灌浆彻底堵住渗漏,后经采用PU4水溶性聚氨酯对漏水点进行化学灌浆取得了较好的止水效果。PU4水溶性聚氨酯是一种单组份灌浆材料,其遇水后自行分散、乳化、发泡,立即进行聚合反应,聚合后的固结体有良好的延伸性、弹性及抗渗性,体现了弹性止水和以水止水的双重功能。可供类似工程参考。     

基于长引水隧洞下的大型水电站一次调频仿真研究

针对锦屏二级水电站引水隧洞长,机组容量大、运行水头高,导致调压室水位波动稳定性以及机组间的水力干扰等较为突出的问题,对一次调频进行了深入分析研究,在满足电网安全的前提下,通过对机组一次调频进行仿真计算,得到了各种模拟工况下的机组开度、功率和转速的变化情况,为机组正常投入运行提供了可靠保证。     

华安水电站扩建工程引水隧洞塌方处理技术

为解决华安水电站扩建工程引水隧洞施工过程中的塌方问题,对其塌方的特点及成因进行了研究,提出了搞好隧洞初期支护、把握好穿越塌方体施工的过程、采用深层固结灌浆提高围岩稳定性等措施,经过施工期的安全监测和一年运行观测,该洞段围岩稳定,表明措施有效。     

古运河浅埋暗挖超前支护效果影响因素分析

根据浅埋暗挖区工程地质条件和固结注浆原理,分析了超前小导管注浆效果不明显的主要原因,并为改善注浆效果提出了建议。     

大跨度浅埋式导流洞进口渐变段一次支护设计与施工--以糯扎渡水电站2号导流洞为例

随着我国水电建设的发展,大跨度导流洞在水电工程中越来越多,其中埋藏较浅的大跨度导流洞进口渐变段存在着较大安全隐患。本文以糯扎渡水电站2号导流洞为例,对该部位的开挖支护设计与施工方案进行了研究,对类似工程具有重要的参考和借鉴价值。     

光纤光栅传感器在公路隧道衬砌结构安全监测中的应用

从工程实用角度归纳了光纤光栅传感器相对于其他传统监测仪器的主要优势,阐述了其在隧道结构安全监测中的适宜性.在此基础上结合某公路隧道衬砌结构的薄弱部位和具体条件,设计了现场自动化监测和无线数据通信系统,采用光纤光栅传感器对隧道支护结构的变形和受力状态进行了实时监测实验,结果真实有效地反映了结构物的运行性态,表明光纤光栅传感器在公路隧道结构安全监测中具有良好的实用效果.