基于LS-SVM逆系统的无轴承异步电机解耦控制

无轴承异步电机具有非线性、多变量和强耦合的特点,要实现电机稳定悬浮和旋转运行,必须对其进行非线性动态解耦控制。为了克服逆系统方法精确建模难的局限性,采用基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)α阶逆系统方法对无轴承异步电机进行动态解耦控制的研究。首先利用最小二乘支持向量机辨识出无轴承异步电机的逆模型,然后将它串联在原系统前,将无轴承异步电机解耦成四个独立的伪线性子系统-2个径向位移子系统、一个速度子系统和一个磁链子系统。为保证鲁棒性能,最后对解耦后的系统采用非线性内模控制策略。研究表明,LS-SVMα阶逆系统方法能够实现无轴承异步电机径向悬浮力和旋转力之间的动态解耦控制,控制系统具有良好的静态和动态性能。     

基于SAP的云铜销售管理系统

使用SAPERP整体解决方案作为企业信息化的基础平台,是企业信息化最重要的方法之一．它的特点是内涵行业最佳解决方案作为主要功能,通过参数配置及少量二次开发实现企业的个性化管理功能,可实现企业高度集成的ERP系统．本文通过SAPSD销售模块在大型铜冶炼企业的应用实践,论述销售业务分析、SAPSD模块及术语说明、系统设计和后台配置技术,以及配套的MES功能等．并对系统上线应用作了总结．     

基于逐次散射法的海洋-大气矢量辐射传输模式

首先推导了粗糙洋面双向偏振反射模型pBRDF(Bidirectional Polarized Reflectance Distribution Function),并将其与SOSVRT(Successive Order of Scattering Radiative Transfer)矢量辐射传输模式耦合,建立了海洋-大气耦合的矢量辐射传输模式,并对该耦合模式的模拟结果与前人模拟结果进行对比,验证了该耦合模式的可靠性与有效性。不同大气和洋面状态、不同高度的主平面内辐射强度和偏振度的模拟结果表明:pBRDF模型可以很好地模拟不同风速下洋面的偏振反射分布特征;洋面在特定角度具有很高的偏振度,并对大气顶的偏振辐射有很大影响。因此,该耦合模式可以更准确地处理辐射光谱在海洋-大气两种介质间的传输问题,对矢量辐射传输、大气遥感问题的研究有重要意义。     

双序渐进式概念格合并算法

针对传统的概念格合并算法仅为单向的纵向或横向合并,提出一种基于概念内涵、外延升降序的双序渐进式合并算法。按照概念的内涵或外延的升序和降序,从两个方向(由上到下和由下到上)同时进行子概念格的纵向或横向合并。算法分析和示例结果表明,该算法不仅在结构上较好地保留了原有信息,而且在效率上也获得了显著的提高。     

The far infra-red spectrum of poly(vinyl chloride)

The far infra-red spectrum of a poly(vinyl chloride) sample prepared by the urea clathrate (UC) route has been measured at various temperatures in the range 60 to 320 K. The results, taken in conjunction with those for two less highly ordered polymers, indicate that a revision of the assignments of earlier workers, based on normal coordinate calculations and on the measured spectra of secondary alkyl chlorides such as 2-chlorobutane, is required. The band at 65 cm^?1 is attributed to a lattice mode and is not indicative of weak hydrogen bonds of the type CH…ClC. However, it is suggested that the band at 185 cm^?1, which is particularly clear and sharp with the UC polymer, probably originates from an interaction of this type, occurring specifically at tight chain folds.     

群决策中基于语言评价信息的TOPSIS方法

针对基于语言评价信息的群决策问题,提出了一种新的TOPSIS方法。依据传统的TOPSIS方法的基本思路,首先将语言决策矩阵转换为规范决策矩阵;其次,通过变量转换关系对有序语言短语集中的有序语言短语进行"量化",构造与原语言决策矩阵"等价的导出"决策矩阵,并利用算术加权平均算法对所得到的导出决策矩阵进行群的集结;然后对所得到的决策矩阵构造理想点和负理想点,计算每个方案的相对接近度,根据得到的相对接近度对方案进行排序从而确定最优方案。最后通过一个算例说明了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

B位掺杂钙钛矿结构化合物LaSr2Mn2-xFexO7的电磁性能

研究了以Fe离子(Fe3 )掺杂取代部分锰(Mn)离子的层状钙钛矿结构化合物LaSr2Mn2-xFexO7(O≤x≤O.3)的电性和磁性.结果发现:Fe3 的掺杂抑制了LaSr2Mn2-xFexO7低温的反铁磁性交换作用,使Neel温度TN由x=0的138K降至x=0.3的l0lK.同时,LaSr2Mn2-xFex07的自旋玻璃态、电荷有序和金属一绝缘体转变温度都由于Fe3 取代Mn离子而受到抑制.产生上述现象的原因是因为Mn位被取代导致产生无序状态.由于Fe3 取代Mn粒子,致使双交换作用通道被打破,化合物的电阻率随x的增加而迅速增加.所有化合物的电阻率在低温阶段都可以用Mott的变程跳跃理论来拟合;在高温阶段可以用最近小声子极化理论来拟合.     

Crystal lattice deformation and the mesophase in poly(ethylene terephthalate) uniaxially drawn by solid-state coextrusion

The development of crystalline and mesophase structure on drawing of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has been studied. The uniaxial drawing has been done by solid-state coextrusion from 50 to 90°C. The unit-cell parameters of stress-induced crystallites in extrudates have been determined as a function of extrusion draw ratio (EDR) up to 4.4 and at an extrusion temperature (ET) above T_g, at 70 and 90°C. The higher the EDR, the longer the c-axis chain direction, the shorter the a and b axes and the smaller the unit-cell volume. In comparison with the conventional lattice parameters obtained by Bunn and Fisher, the highest elongation of the c axis is near 10%. These features imply that the lattice of stress-induced crystallites is far from the closest packing. Coextrudates made below the T_g of PET differ markedly from those made above T_g. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) patterns of PET extruded at 50°C (below T_g) even at high draw ratio exhibit small and/or imperfect crystallites. They appear much as a mesophase. The distance between macromolecular chains ranges from 3.2 to 5.4 Å. The shortest value in the mesophase approaches the interplanar crystal distance of 3.4 Å for the (100) crystal face, on which the benzene rings lie. The crystalline peak separation of the PET, WAXD curve has been evaluated to obtain absolute crystallinities and the content of mesophase and amorphous phase.     

Higher order structures and mechanical properties of bacterial homo poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) fibers prepared by cold-drawing and annealing processes

Pure bacterial homo poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers were prepared by melt spinning, followed by cold-drawing in an amorphous state at a temperature just above its glass transition temperature. Cold drawn fibers obtained were further drawn at higher temperatures, followed by annealing at various temperatures under tension. Relations among the processing conditions, higher order structures and mechanical properties were investigated using wide- and small-angle X-ray diffractions (WAXD and SAXD, respectively), birefringence, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile measurements. PHB has two different crystalline forms, 2₁ helix conformation (α-form) and planar zigzag conformation (β-form). A single broad reflection of β-form was detected even in a PHB fiber drawn once at a temperature just above its T_g immediately after quenching and it tended to be stronger after 2nd drawing at higher temperatures. Annealing under low temperature and high tension facilitates the occurrence of β-form. It is suggested that the β-form crystal is formed not only from the tie chains between α-form lamella, but also from completely free amorphous chains. Changes in the amount of two types of crystals were analyzed using the WAXD integrated intensity. Birefringence of these fibers shows negative and positive values, depending on process conditions. Changes in higher order structure on the mechanical properties are also discussed.     

1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of polyurethane prepolymers from toluene diisocyanate and polypropylene glycol

Polyurethane prepolymers prepared from toluene 2,4‐diisocyanate, toluene 2,6‐diisocyanate, and polypropylene glycol with a ratio between the isocyanate and hydroxyl groups equal to 2 were analyzed by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in acetone‐d₆. Different temperatures and concentrations were used. Toluene 2,4‐dimethylurethane and toluene 2,6‐dimethylurethane were synthesized and used as model compounds to assign prepolymers signals. Measurements of spin–lattice relaxation time T₁ by “inversion recovery” experiments were carried out on toluene 2,4‐diisocyanate, toluene 2,6‐diisocyanate, toluene 2,4‐dimethylurethane, toluene 2,6‐dimethylurethane, and polyurethane prepolymers. Differences in T₁ times were used to interpret prepolymers spectra, by means of the strong observed effect on protons due to the presence of adjacent isocyanate groups. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 347–357, 2003