Corrosion inhibition of triethanolammonium bromide mono- and dibenzoate as cationic inhibitors in an acidic medium

A weight loss technique was used to determine the corrosion inhibition efficiency of synthesized alkyl mono-and dibenzoate triethanolammonium bromide derivatives (TEAMB, TEADB) in an acidic medium (2 N HCl) at different doses (50, 100, and 200 ppm). The results showed that monoderivatives had a higher corrosion inhibition efficiency than diderivatives. The results were correlated with several factors, including the alkyl chain length of the hydrophobic chains, interfacial tension (IT), critical micelle concentration (CMC), and adsorption free energy of these inhibitors. Increasing the geometric length of the alkyl chains in the synthesized inhibitors had an increasing effect on their corrosion inhibition efficiency, whereas decreasing the CMC and IT had an increasing effect on their tendency toward corrosion inhibition. The number of hydrophobic chains attached to the inhibitor molecules had a vital influence on their efficiency as corrosion inhibitors.     

基于近似弧长参数化的机器人轨迹规划

主要研究了采用近似弧长参数化的插值方法进行关节式工业机器人的轨迹规划.运用近似弧长参数化的插值方法将机器人末端轨迹参数曲线离散为等弧长的插值点序列,通过机器人逆向运动学求解各关节的位移点序列,采用极限的方法进行各关节速度和加速度规划.这种轨迹规划方法可以避免关节空间的插值计算和雅克比矩阵的计算.在 matlab7.8平台上,对近似弧长参数化的插值方法、轨迹规划及可行性验证进行了实例仿真,仿真结果表明该轨迹规划方法是可行的.     

基于频域的运动模糊参数估计

运动模糊图像复原的关键之一是模糊核函数的估计,即降质图像的模糊方向和距离变化的估计。已经有多种方法用于模糊核函数的估计,通过对运动模糊图像频谱的研究,提出了一种基于形态学的模糊运动方向计算方法,并根据模糊图像频谱的黑色条纹周期出现的规律,采用投影法计算极值点,从而获取模糊运动距离。实验结果表明该算法简单有效,得到的运动模糊参数较准确。     

话题转换方式和句子长度对边界声学参数的影响

该文研究了不同话题转换方式和句子长度对边界处停顿、边界前延长量及音高重置的影响。语料是由两个句子构成的小语篇,通过改变第二个句子控制两种句子长度(短和长)和三种话题转换方式(延续、精述和转折)。20位发音人的语音分析结果显示: (1) 话题转换方式和句子长度对停顿及音高重置都有调节作用,但对边界前词的时长延长量没有显著影响。另外,两因素间没有交互作用。主要表现为: 边界后句子越长,句间停顿越长,且边界处的音高重置越大。从话题延续、话题精述到话题转折,停顿时长呈增长趋势,且音高重置度增大; (2) 停顿时长与边界前延长量存在较弱的负相关,与音高重置则存在较弱的正相关; (3) 相较于男性发音人,女性发音人对话题转换方式更为敏感,且更倾向于用停顿和音高两种声学线索标记话题转换方式。句长效应则在男女发音人中都稳定存在。以上结果表明,句长对边界处声学参数的影响基于底层发音机制,而话题转换方式的影响则是语言中信息传递的需要。     

FRP与混凝土界面粘结性能的试验研究

纤维(FRP)与混凝土的粘结性能是外贴纤维增强聚合物加固钢筋混凝土结构技术的关键问题。采用修正梁模型,对9个外贴FRP条带加固混凝土受弯构件的粘结性能进行了试验研究。分析了FRP应变、局部粘结剪应力发展规律以及沿粘结长度在各级荷载下的分布规律。考察了混凝土强度和FRP粘结长度对粘结强度等粘结性能的影响。验证了FRP有效粘结长度,探讨了有效粘结长度的影响因素,计算得到了局部粘结剪应力滑移关系曲线。通过对试验结果的统计回归分析,提出了局部粘结剪应力滑移本构关系模型以及有效粘结长度计算公式,分析结果与试验结果都吻合较好,可供实际加固改造工程应用及完善相应规范的编制参考。     

Alkyd emulsions

Various aspects of alkyd emulsion technology have been investigated. The influence of alkyd oil length, acid value and hydroxyl number and type of surfactant used as emulsifier, on shear stability of alkyds emulsions have been studied. It was found that the acid value was the most important alkyd parameter, the stability increasing with increasing oil length. It is also shown that anionic surfactants give emulsions with small droplet sizes at lower concentrations than do nonionics. Polymerizable nonionic surfactants have been tested as emulsifiers and compared with conventional surfactants of the same hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB). It was found that surfactants capable of participating in the autoridative curing process give faster drying and improved film hardness compared with nonreactive surfactants. The distribution of driers between the alkyd phase and the water phase has been investigated. It was found that low pH and the use of hydrophilic anionic surfactants, such as sodium dodecyl sulphate, favour partitioning of cobalt into the aqueous phase which is unfavourable with respect to drying properties.     

关于狭义相对论中时空问题的讨论

狭义相对论明确指出同时性、时间和空间的测量是相对的,与物体的运动状态或与参考系的选取密切相关,并以此建立了相对论时空观.基于狭义相对论中时空概念的关联分析,讨论了解决时空问题的思路和方法,指出了＂同时性的相对性＂是理解和认识相对论时空观的基础,有利于解决大学物理教学的重难点问题.     

有侧移半刚性连接组合框架柱的稳定分析

为了研究有侧移半刚性连接组合框架的稳定性能,利用三柱子框架模型,考虑了梁端和柱远端不同约束情况对柱有效长度系数的影响,提出柱有效长度系数的简化方法.通过算例研究了节点的非线性弯矩-转角关系和荷载水平大小对柱有效长度系数的影响,比较了简化方法、Barakat-Chen方法与精确方法的计算结果.研究表明:简化方法比Barakat-Chen方法有更好的精确度,与精确方法计算结果接近.     

控制索原长求解索张拉力的反分析法

为对预应力空间钢结构的施工成形进行系统的研究,提出了基于控制索原长求解索张拉力的反分析法.从预应力状态开始,通过控制每一级张拉索的原长,进行非线性有限元迭代计算,求出索在分级分批施工时的控制力.方法的优点在于计算简单,省去了通用有限元需要反复试算的缺点.应用编制的程序对一弦支穹顶模型进行了施工过程的模拟分析,结果表明:反分析法能精确模拟结构的施工成形过程,且在整个过程中,每根索只需张拉一次,简化了施工工艺.     

Aerobic biodegradation of di-n-butyl phthalate by Xiangjiang River sediment and microflora analysis

Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), one of phthalate acid esters (PAEs), was investigated to determine its biodegradation rate using Xiangjiang River sediment and find potential DBP degraders in the enrichment culture of the sediment. The sediment sample was incubated with an initial concentration of DBP of 100 mg/L for 5 d. The biodegradation rate of DBP was detected using HPLC and the degraded products were analyzed by GC/MS. Subsequently, the microbial diversity of the enrichment culture was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The results reveal that almost 100% of DBP is degraded after merely 3 d, generating two main degraded products: mono-butyl phthalate (MBP) and 9-octadecenoic acid. After a six-month enrichment period under the pressure of DBP, the dominant family in the final enrichment culture is clustered with the Comamonas sp., the remaining are affiliated with Sphingomonas sp., Hydrogenophaga sp., Rhizobium sp., and Acidovorax sp. The results show the potential of these bacteria to be used in the bioremediation of DBP in the environment.