机械加工废乳化液处理工艺的研究

采用了无机、有机复合型絮凝剂对废乳化切削液进行处理,经过对比确定出絮凝剂的种类和用量,讨论了絮凝剂、温度、pH值以及搅拌等工艺条件对絮凝效果的影响,优化了处理废乳化切削液的最佳絮凝操作条件。     

除油好氧降解菌的筛选与除油效果初探

为筛选降解含油废水中石油烃的好氧降解菌株，选用炼油厂石油废水处理站曝气池活性污泥作为菌源，采用平板分离，得到39株菌。利用得到的菌株对含油废水中的CODcr和油进行降解效果试验，并进行混合菌的联合试验，确定出混合菌中假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp）和芽孢杆菌（Bacillus sp）为优势菌属。通过单株菌与混合菌降解试验的比较，结果表明全混合菌的降解效果明显优于单株菌，从而说明共代谢作用增强了微生物的降解能力。试验表明，经过驯化后的混合菌，其降解效率稳定。     

化学沉淀-铁氧体法处理重金属废水试验研究

重金属离子排放到环境中只能改变形态或被转移、稀释、积累,对生物危害很大。为了处理含多种重金属离子的废水,本试验采用化学沉淀-铁氧体法处理主要含铅、锌、镉离子的废水。以云南弛宏锌锗股份有限公司废水为原水,在对影响处理效果的各种要素如温度、pH值、搅拌时间进行了条件试验后,得出了去除重金属离子废水静态试验的最佳条件。     

同层排水技术在住宅建筑中的应用

同层排水是指本层卫生间内卫生器具排水支管不穿越楼板,排水横管在本层套内与排水立管连接的一种排水管道的布置方式.本文系统论述了同层排水技术的发展要求及应用现状,对几种不同的同层排水技术进行了深入分析,并提出了需要进一步解决的关键问题,认为取消地漏不降板同层排水技术是今后的发展趋势.     

冶炼废水无害化和资源化的研究

利用分步沉淀和吸附原理对冶炼废水进行无害化处理：第一步中和沉淀，当pH≤6．0时，废水中86％以上的铜进行沉淀，沉渣中含铜量大于13％，有回收利用价值；第二步通过调节沉淀剂的用量，84％以上的银进入沉淀，沉渣可作铜银矿回收利用；第三步通过改性活性炭吸附废水中的金，吸附率达100％，通过解吸回收99％的金．通过上述方法处理冶炼废水，有毒有害的重金属变废为宝，处理后的废水符合GB8978-1996标准，达到无害化和资源化的目的．     

Water infrastructure in China: the importance of full project life-cycle cost analysis in addressing water challenges

To address serious wastewater challenges, the government of China is investing in the rapid building of new treatment plants across the country. However, current practice often favours both cost- and energy-inefficient designs and implementation, especially in smaller cities and towns. Combining a full life cycle costing (LCC) approach with financing innovations and the identification and implementation of new technologies can reduce such inefficiencies by 50% or more. One general and two wastewater-specific case studies of new approaches to efficient infrastructure design are discussed.     

PAS试剂处理含锰废水的动力学探讨

为解决含锰工业废水对环境、土壤及生物带来的危害。研究采用吸聚合硫酸铝作为附剂,希望能找到最佳吸附条件,同时为聚合硫酸铝的综合利用提供更多机会;采用EDTA滴定法,对含锰废水进行了吸附研究,模拟测定了影响聚合硫酸铝吸附特性的两种因素:滤料投加量、吸附时间。结果表明:随着投加量增加,Mn2+去除率提高,单位吸附量线性下降;随着吸附时间延长,Mn2+去除率提高,超过80min后提高幅度变缓,吸附过程符合二级动力学模型。采用聚合硫酸铝吸附含锰工业废水在适当工艺条件下可以有很好的处理效果。这种方法较简便,成本低廉,能达到以废治废的目的。     

Effects of hydraulic retention time,temperature, and effluent recycling on efficiency of anaerobic filter in treating rural domestic wastewater

With rural population expansion and improvement of the socio-economic standard of living, treatment of rural domestic wastewater has rapidly become a major aspect of environmental concern. Selection of a suitable method for treatment of rural domestic wastewater depends on its efficiency, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness. This study investigated the effects of hydraulic retention time(HRT), temperature, and effluent recycling on the treatment efficiency of an anaerobic filter(AF) reactor. The first round of experimental operations was run for three months with HRTs of one, two, and three days, temperatures of 18℃, 21℃, and 24℃, and no effluent recycling. The second round of experimental operations was conducted for another three months with HRTs of three and four days; temperatures of 30.67℃, 30.57℃, and 26.91℃; and three effluent recycling ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. The first round of operations showed removal rates of 32% to 44% for COD, 30% to 35% for TN, 32% to 36% for +4NH-N, 19% to 23% for 3NO-N-, and 12% to 22% for TP. In the second round of operations, the removal rates varied from 75% to 81% for COD, 35% to 41% for TN, 31% to 39% for +4NH-N, 30% to 34% for 3NO-N-, and 41% to 48% for TP. The average gas production rates were 6.72 L/d and 7.26 L/d for the first and second rounds of operations, respectively. The gas production rate increased in the second round of operations as a result of applied effluent recycling. The best removal efficiency was obtained for an optimum HRT of three days, a temperature of 30℃, and an effluent recycling ratio of 2:1. The results show that the removal efficiency of the AF reactor was affected by HRT, temperature, and effluent recycling.     

气动连续式生物过滤技术在去除聚氯乙烯废水中COD的应用

介绍了气动连续式生物过滤技术在去除聚氯乙烯废水中COD的应用,以及气动连续式生物过滤技术的优点和效果。     

炼油厂废水回用作焦化冷焦水的可行性研究

通过试验考察了催化裂化净化水和热电中和水回用作焦化冷焦水对焦化产品质量、设备腐蚀和职业卫生安全三个方面的影响，提出了催化裂化净化水和热电中和水回用作焦化冷焦水的技术改造方案，并进行了经济效益分析。该改造方案实施后，可节约新鲜工业水240 kt/a，节省水费约51万元／a；减少污水排放量240 kt/a，节省污水处理费约80万元/a；同时可减少外排废水量，废水中各项污染物排放量大大减少，环境效益显著。