中国建筑涂料工业的现状及当前形势下的发展对策

本文详细分析了中国建筑涂料工业的现状和存在问题，并结合当前形势，提出了中国建筑涂料工业的发展对策。     

无线体域网技术研究现状与展望

无线体域网(WBAN)技术是当前重要的研究热点,可以应用于医院内患者实时监测和家庭健康护理领域,具有广泛的应用前景和巨大的市场潜力。WBAN对设备的可穿戴性和数据传输的可靠性、安全性提出了更高的要求,技术发展中存在一些需要深入研究和解决的问题。对WBAN关键技术的研究现状和产业化进展进行了综述,并对WBAN技术的未来研究和发展前景进行了展望。     

Fabrication of high surface area graphitic nanoflakes on carbon nanotubes templates

Graphitic nanoflakes were fabricated on the carbon nanotubes templates for increasing the surface area utilizing bias assisted microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MWPECVD). The analysis of morphologies and structures were achieved by means of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The surface area of graphitic nanoflakes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphitic nanoflakes/CNTs were 57.44 m²/g, 90.31 m²/g and 130.96 m²/g from BET measurement, respectively. The cyclic voltammetry was used to calculate the active area of platinum catalysts in 1 M sulfuric acid from hydrogen adsorption peak. An enhancement of activity could be observed from the calculation of CV results. This may be attributed to the small particle size and high dispersion of platinum particles coated on graphitic nanoflakes/CNTs. These high surface area materials could be used as catalysts supports or electrode for fuel cell applications.     

压痕法确定纤维复合材料界面影响区蠕变特性的数值模拟法

研究由平头压痕蠕变试验来确定纤维复合材料界面影响区蠕变性能参数的可行性。利用有限元蠕变分析确定在定压痕应力下的压痕蠕变率，重点放在稳定压痕蠕变率和复合材料材料界面影响区的蠕变性能参数的关系上。计算结果表明，界面影响区的剪应力沿纤维轴向在蠕变的主要过程中均匀分布，并且保持不变；详细地研究了压头大小对压痕蠕变响应的影响：提出两种方法由压痕蠕变试验来确定界面影响区蠕变性能参数，并给出了算例。这些结果也有利于准确认识平头压痕蠕变试验从而拓宽其应用范围。     

Surface modification of macroporous Al2O3 tubes with carbon-doped TiO2 intermediate layer and preparation of highly permeable palladium composite membranes for hydrogen separation

ABSTRACT

To prepare H₂-permeable palladium composite membranes, a novel carbon-doped microporous TiO₂ intermediate layer was introduced to modify the surface of macroporous Al₂O₃ substrates. The Pd/TiO₂–C/Al₂O₃ membrane was prepared via electroless plating, and thereafter, carbon residue in the intermediate layer was removed by calcination in air, yielding a Pd/TiO₂/Al₂O₃ membrane. Experimental results indicate that the carbon residue shrinks the pore size of the intermediate layer and facilitates a decrease of membrane defects. Additionally, carbon removal induces a higher effective membrane area at the permeate side, which enhances hydrogen permeability. Furthermore, the apparent activation energy (E_A) and stability of the as-prepared Pd/TiO₂/Al₂O₃ membrane were investigated.     

风拖曳力系数和曼宁系数对风暴潮流模拟的影响

利用0205号威马逊台风期间实测风暴增水和风暴潮流数据,采用NCEP FNL和台风模型风场的融合风场作为驱动项,建立了覆盖东海的三维风暴潮流数值模型,研究风拖曳力系数和曼宁系数对风暴增水和风暴潮流的影响。计算结果表明:(1)风拖曳力系数取值应考虑随风速变化。表层风暴潮流受风拖曳力系数影响较大,中层和底层风暴潮流基本不受影响。(2)风暴潮流结构在一定程度上取决于曼宁系数;曼宁系数对中层和底层风暴潮流影响大于表层,曼宁系数越大,底摩擦阻力越大,风暴潮流垂向分层越明显。(3)风暴增水和风暴潮流对曼宁系数的响应不同,建立模型时,应同时率定风暴增水和风暴潮流。     

黑方台焦家4号黄土滑坡发育特征及滑动机理

20世纪60年代以来,大量的灌溉系统在黄土地区建设运营,解决了农业的干旱问题,但同时灌溉也诱发了大量的滑坡。其中,2015年1月28日20:00,甘肃省永靖县焦家村发生了一起中等规模的黄土滑坡,滑坡严重影响其下方309国道线和六盘峡水库的安全。采用对裂缝分布、水文地质的调查,结合低空摄影测量、精细工程地质测绘、室内三轴试验等研究方法,对焦家4号滑坡的基本特征进行了分析,对形成滑坡的成灾机理有了初步认识。结果表明:(1)滑坡发生前,后缘裂缝有明显的变形情况;(2)滑坡滑动距离为548.3 m,体积为15.35万m~3,面积为6.6万m~2;(3)饱和黄土应力应变模式表现为强烈的应变软化剪缩型,并具有一定的静态液化特性;(4)滑坡是饱和黄土层静态液化引起的。     

自重施加方式对高拱坝廊道结构应力及配筋的影响

自重工况一般是高拱坝内廊道配筋设计的控制工况,由于高拱坝施工过程的特殊性及复杂性,有限元计算中自重有多种施加方式。结合工程实例,对高拱坝基础廊道结构进行三维有限元分析,比较不同自重施加方式对廊道结构应力及配筋的影响。研究结果表明:按整体自重考虑时,廊道结构应力及配筋面积明显偏小;全部按分缝自重考虑时,廊道结构应力及配筋面积明显大于按施工过程考虑自重的结果;为符合实际施工过程及结构承载规律,保证结构安全及经济合理,在拱坝结构的有限元计算中应按照施工过程考虑自重荷载。该研究成果对泄洪孔结构的应力分析也具有参考价值。     

Influence of activated carbon pore structure on oxygen reduction at catalyst layers supported on rotating disk electrodes

Carbon materials are often used as catalyst supports, and for catalysts in electrodes of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, carbon black has been used. Recently, it was found, however, that activated carbon could replace carbon black and besides, significantly improve the activity of the electrode catalyst layer for oxygen reduction. In the present study, to optimize the pore structure of activated carbon for further activity improvement, the influence of the pore structure on the activity was investigated using activated carbon of various specific surface areas and mean pore diameters. A catalyst layer was formed from activated carbon loaded with platinum and a polymer electrolyte. The activity of the layer was measured in an oxygen-saturated perchloric acid solution, supporting the layer on a rotating glassy carbon disk electrode. We found that increases in the specific surface area and mean pore diameter increased the activity and that the latter was more effective than the former mainly due to the enhanced mass-transfer in the pores; the catalyst layer formed from activated carbon with the largest mean pore diameter was the most active. Unless pores excessively develop and lose connections between particles, a large pore diameter is therefore desired for the fuel cell electrodes.     

基于泄洪移民区域分汊河道泄流相互影响的模型试验研究

基于政府的组织行为、政府的协调行为和政府的监督行为与行洪移民区域后期扶持的具体工作的研究,治淮工程移民安置方案产生31.2亿元的投资。移民区域的大小与安全行洪区范围直接相关,分汊河道行洪的最佳分流比决定了行洪的安全与否。为了探讨复杂并联泄洪河道中不同的闸门控制对泄流的影响,论文结合淮河入江水道归江控制段模型试验,对复杂分汊并联河道的分流比及其流态对河道的稳定等进行了分析研究。通过对所采集的水位流量资料进行理论分析,按照不同的闸门开度组合,结合水面流态,系统分析入江水道中下段分汊并联河道在不同的流量下最优闸门开度组合及支汊分流比。单闸控制,主汊河道闸门开度一定时,分流比随着总泄流量增加而减小,两支汊河道分流比基本相同,且随总泄流量增加而增加。双闸控制,主汊河道和支汊河道闸门组合调节时,主汊分流比同单闸控制,支汊分流比变化量来自主汊,不影响其他支汊河道分流比。最优闸门开度为主汊单闸控制2/3开度,最优分流比为76%、12%、12%,在此分流比下行洪,将保持移民后期区域不扩大或缩小。