Effects of coralline lime on nutrient uptake and yield of field-grown sweet corn and peanuts in Oxidic soils of Western Samoa

Effects of coralline lime on yield and nutrient uptake by sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) and peanut (Arachis hypogea) were studied at three locations in Western Samoa. Coarse (0-10 mm) coralline material containing 31.1% Ca and 1.67% Mg was used as lime. There were two modes of application: band and broadcast, and three rates: 6, 12 and 18 ton ha^–1. In the highest rainfall location, marketable yields were increased by 250% for peanut and 160% for sweet corn by liming at 6 ton ha^–1, relative to the unamended control. Peanut yield increases were associated with reduced Mn toxicity and/or with Ca and Mg deficiency. Sweet corn was less susceptible to Mn toxicity, but more responsive to exchangeable Ca. The critical level of exchangeable Ca was found to be about 2.0 cmol(+)kg^–1. Applying lime to a band of 0.25-m wide did not reduce yield relative to broadcast. Soil cultivation caused the lime to spread over a wider band, diluting the applied calcium with a larger soil volume, suggesting that less than 6 ton ha^–1 broadcast coarse coralline lime could still be adequate for most Samoan soils.     

小型农作物温室大棚二氧化碳浓度监测系统

针对小型农作物温室环境指标监测的需要,设计实现了农作物温室大棚二氧化碳浓度监测系统。采用STC系列单片机控制,对农作物大棚内二氧化碳浓度进行近距离实时监测,采用TFT彩屏显示实时值和动态曲线,具有阀值调节,超过阀值报警,可实现小型温室农作物的生长环境二氧化碳浓度的实时监控。     

作物秸秆能源转化技术研究进展

利用作物秸秆生产可再生能源是解决秸秆环境污染和开辟新的能量资源的重要途径之一。作物秸秆能源转化技术主要有热解气化、厌氧消化、液化、乙醇化、直接燃烧和固化等。简要介绍了我国作物秸秆的资源量及利用现状,着重对国内外作物秸秆能源转化技术的发展、研究现状及工业化应用情况进行了详细介绍。通过对各技术特点和存在问题的分析,探讨了未来发展趋势。建议加强作物秸秆液化与乙醇化技术的系统性研究以及工艺过程的开发。     

碘量法测定二氧化氯要点分析

二氧化氯是一种安全高效的消毒剂。采用国家行业标准中有效二氧化氯含量的测定方法的测量结果差异较大，用碘量法测定稳定态二氧化氯溶液中的有效二氧化氯含量时，活化反应的速度对测定有效二氧化氯的含量有一定影响。通过条件实验确定了碘量法测定有效二氧化氯含量的最佳测试条件，即：活化时间13min，盐酸稀释至与水体积比1：4，参考电压140V，可确保实验结果的平行性和再现性。     

汛限水位动态控制在石门水库主汛期调度中的应用研究

在汛限水位静态控制的运行方式下常导致水库汛期不敢蓄水,汛后库水位却常常达不到正常蓄水位,极大地限制了水库兴利效益,造成水资源浪费。以石门水库为例,针对其静态汛限水位运行的现状,分析该运行方式下对水库兴利效益的影响,提出采用汛限水位动态控制的方法来提高水资源利用率。实际调度中,结合石门水库天气、水文等预报信息,采用预蓄预泄方法,分析汛限水位动态控制的上下限,给出了动态控制的调度策略,并以"20110728"洪水对比了两种调度方式。结果表明:当预报降雨或洪水偏小时,可抬高汛限水位最高至617.5 m,拦蓄洪尾,有效增加水库的蓄水量;当预报降雨或洪水偏大时,可降低汛限水位最低至610.0 m,腾空库容,迎接洪水。     

水源热泵影响下地下水温度主控因素关联度分析

为研究地下水源热泵长期影响下,地下水温度主控因素的变化特征,选择安阳市第五人民医院为研究区,将地下水温度作为典型的灰色系统进行研究,采用灰色关联度的计算方法进行地下水温度、地下水位埋深、气温、降水量以及回水井水温之间的关联度分析,获取地下水温变化的主控因素。研究结果表明:在不受水源热泵影响时,地下水位埋深是地下水温度的主控因素。在水源热泵影响下,地下水温受气温、降水量、地下水位埋深和回水井水温的共同影响:在垂向上,回水井水温对监测井水温的影响程度随着深度的增大而逐渐降低,地下水温度的主控因素由回水井水温转变为地下水位埋深,在水平方向上,回水井水温对监测井水温的影响程度随着距离的增大而逐渐减小,地下水温度的主控因素由回水井水温转变为气温和地下水位埋深。     

黄河下游高含沙洪水河床形态及调控指标

利用水库调控高含沙洪水是维持黄河下游主槽不萎缩的重要途径。基于黄河下游实测高含沙洪水冲淤特性的分析,按流量大小对高含沙洪水进行了分类,提出了黄河下游高含沙洪水的分类调控思路及相应的调控指标。大漫滩高含沙洪水,在满足黄河下游防洪要求的前提下,控制洪峰流量大于1.5倍的平滩流量,来沙系数在0.012~0.04 kg·s/m~6范围内。一般高含沙洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量接近平滩流量,并尽可能控制来沙系数在临界值附近。高含沙小洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量在2 500 m~3/s以下,洪水沙量小于2亿t。高含沙洪水经过分类调控后,可较大限度地利用滩地淤沙、主槽输沙能力排沙及花园口以上较大的主槽库容滞沙,维持或提高黄河下游主槽过流能力。     

焦炉集气管压力专家协调控制

针对压力对象相互耦合的实际特点，提出了基于专家系统的集成管压力协调控制方法，使系统在PID控制的基础上，按实际运行状况智能选择控制策略。     

Synthesis, optical and morphological characterization of soluble main chain 1,3,4-oxadiazole copolyarylethers—potential candidates for solar cells applications as electron acceptors

New copoly(arylether)s containing substituted terphenyl, quinquephenyl, fluorene and anthracene moieties with aromatic 1,3,4-oxadiazole units were prepared and the resulting copolymers are soluble in common organic solvents. Investigation of their optical properties revealed that they emit blue and yellow light. Moreover, their photovoltaic response was studied in blends with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the electron donor. Despite the low power conversion efficiencies it was shown that photo-induced electron transfer does take place and the performances are higher than a single layer P3HT device. In addition, an anthracene-fluorene-oxadiazole main chain copolymer (PAFOXD) was also examined in a single layer photovoltaic device and gave one of the highest reported open-circuit voltage (V_oc) values in the literature (0.89 V). Finally, a detailed morphological study of the blends and the PAFOXD surface using the atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique, revealed the effect of solvent selection to the preparation of thin films exhibiting the desired performance characteristics.     

变电站电气二次系统自动化设计分析

通过分析自动化变电站的特点,探讨了变电站电气二次系统的自动化设计,以期为变电站二次系统的设计人员提供参考。