Admittance—Frequency Response in Zinc Oxide Varistor Ceramics

The lumped parameter/complex plane analysis technique revealed several contributions to the terminal admittance of the ZnO—Bi₂O₃ based varistor grain-boundary ac response. The terminal capacitance has been elucidated via the multiple trapping phenomena, a barrier layer polarization, and a resonance effect in the frequency range 10⁻²≤ f ≤ 10⁹ Hz. The characterization of the trapping relaxation behavior near ∼ 10⁵ Hz (∼ 10⁻⁶ s) provided a better understanding of a previously reported loss-peak. The possible nonuniformity in this trapping activity associated with its conductance term observed via the depression angle of a semicircular relaxation in the complex capacitance ( C *) plane has been postulated.     

工艺因素影响焦炭颗粒耐压强度的试验研究

焦炭颗粒的耐压强度一直是焦炭颗粒最重要的性质之一。利用最近提出的表征焦炭颗粒耐压强度的新方法，就模压压力、加压方式、粒度组成范围、粒度大小、粒度配比等因素对单粒度或多粒度组成焦炭颗粒耐压 强度的影响进行了较为详细的试验研究。结果表明：（1）焦炭颗粒的粒度大小和粒度范围均可用其原始平均细度来表征。焦炭颗粒的原始平均细度越大，其耐压强度系数也就越高；（2）多粒度组成焦炭颗粒混合料的耐压能力比单粒度组成混合料的耐压能力要高得多。对多粒度组成焦炭颗粒而言，模压压力及粒度组成配比对其耐压强度系数的影响不甚明显；（3）分阶段缓慢加压到位比一次快速加压到位有利于提高焦炭颗粒的耐压强度系数。     

过量TiO2助烧剂对Ba0.998La0.002TiO3陶瓷晶粒生长的影响

采用电性能测定和微观结构分析等方法研究了过量TiO2助烧剂对Ba0.998La0.002TiO3陶瓷晶粒生长的影响.结果表明:对于Ba0.998La0.002TiO3陶瓷在有液相参与烧结的晶粒溶解-淀析过程中,晶粒生长的必要条件是不仅要有液相的形成,而且BaTiO3晶粒必须在液相中有一定的溶解度.由于BaTiO3晶粒在Ba6Ti17O40和Ba2TiSi2O8液相中有足够的溶解度,促进了晶粒的生长,同时旌主掺杂离子进入晶格而释放氧,形成半导性的陶瓷,而BaTiO3晶粒不能溶解于Ba2Ti2SiP2O13液相中,抑制了晶粒的生长.     

用T621A石墨炭源合成出高强度金刚石

介绍了合成高强度(22．5kg～25．8kg)粗颗粒(40／50～25／30)单晶金刚石所需的炭源材料，触媒合金种类、装填方式、合成参数与合成效果。讨论了原料、合成工艺条件对生长高强度粗颗粒的优质金刚石的影响及合成机理。     

Lowland rice response to potassium fertilization and its effect on N and P uptake

Not much is known about the response of lowland rice to K fertilization under Brazilian conditions. A field experiment was conducted during four consecutive years to determine the response of three lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars to K fertilization on a Low Humic Gley soil. In the first two years, K was broadcast at rates of 0, 42, 84, 126, and 168 kg K ha^–1. In the last two years K rates were reduced to 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 kg K ha^–1 and applied in a band. Potassium significantly (P < 0.01) increased grain yields but the response varied from cultivar to cultivar and year to year. Yield responses to K fertilization were superimposed on a general trend of increasing grain yields across the four growing seasons. Mean grain yields increased 14.3% with broadcast application of K in the first two years and 10.4% with banded application of K in the last two years when compared to the control treatments. Extractable soil K increased with K application rate and decreased with soil depth. Potassium was rapidly removed from the soil and yearly broadcast or banded application of K can be expected to result in a significant increase in grain yield of lowland rice in these soils.     

dc Electrical Degradation of Perovskite-Type Titanates: I, Ceramics

The rate of the resistance degradation of doped SrTiO₃ ceramics is investigated as a function of various external and material parameters. The effects of the mutually interrelated parameters dc voltage, dc electric field, and thickness of the dielectric are described by power laws. Electron microscopic potential contrast studies show a Maxwell-Wagner polarization leading to a concentration of the electric field at the grain boundaries during the degradation. Based on this finding, the voltage step per grain boundary, ΔΘ_gb, is introduced as a rate-determining parameter which allows an explanation of the influence of the grain size on the degradation rate as well as the difference in the power laws for ceramic and single-crystal samples.     

烧结助剂对自增韧Si3N4陶瓷显微结构和性能的影响

研究了烧结助剂质量分数及比例对热压自增韧Si3N4 陶瓷显微结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明 :材料室温抗弯强度和断裂韧性均在烧结助剂的质量分数为 15 %时达到峰值 ,其中 5 %Y2 O3 10 %La2 O3 85 %Si3N4 体系的抗弯强度达 911.3MPa,断裂韧性达10 .0 2MPa·m1 /2 。同时 ,分析了材料显微结构与力学性能的关系 ,发现自增韧Si3N4 陶瓷中 β-Si3N4 柱状晶直径的双峰分布特征对材料力学性能的提高起着很重要的作用     

Effect of Grain Boundaries on Thermal Conductivity of Silicon Carbide Ceramic at 5 to 1300 K

The thermal conductivity of a SiC ceramic was measured as 270 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ at room temperature. At low temperatures ( T < 25 K), the decrease in the conductivity was proportional to T ³ on a logarithmic scale, which indicated that the conductivity was controlled by boundaries. The calculated phonon mean free path in the ceramic increased with decreased temperature, but was limited to ∼4 μm, a length almost equal to the grain size, at temperatures below 30 K. We concluded that the thermal conductivity of the ceramic below 30 K was influenced significantly by grain boundaries and grain junctions.     

粮情智能测控系统中的数据融合技术研究

粮情智能测控系统是保证粮食储藏安全的关键措施之一。针对目前粮情智能测控系统中单一传感器存在测量不足、粮情安全状态难以判断且无法直接检测等问题,研究了一种基于粒子群优化最小二乘支持向量机的粮情安全状态数据融合方法。以粮情数据为研究对象,以粮情安全状态检测为目的,构建基于最小二乘支持向量机的数据融合模型,并采用粒子群优化算法对最小二乘支持向量机的关键参数进行寻优,获取最佳的数据融合结果。根据广西某粮库提供的数据进行实例分析,数据融合结果与实际值误差较小,均方误差为0.06,结果表明,该方法在粮情安全状态的检测上表现出优越的性能,具有科学性和可行性,提高了粮情智能测控系统的准确性和可靠性。