负摩阻力计算及对桩承载力的影响

探讨了负摩阻力的计算方法及考虑负摩阻力时对桩承载力的验算，对软土层超过１５米，上部堆载大或地下水位大幅度下降地区的桩，尤其是端承桩而言，具有较大的工程实际意义。     

Polyacrylonitrile/Nylon 6 Blends: Preparation and Characterization

Summary: Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) particles with micro‐size ranges (0.15–2 μm) were prepared by emulsion and dispersion polymerizationa and in supercritical carbon dioxide media. The PAN particles were blended with Nylon 6 (PA6) at 220 °C by using a miniature mixer; it was found that melt‐mixing was possible for PAN‐rich compositions as high as 70 wt.‐%. Blends were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, IR, viscosity measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The size and shape of original PAN particles were retained in PAN/PA6 blends. The useful range to blend PAN particles size was less than 1 μm in terms of shape retention of the PAN particles in blends. Blends with 40 wt.‐% PAN content were found to be melt‐processable. The elastic modulus was higher for PAN/PA6 blends than pure PA6.

SEM photograph of PAN‐SC/PA6 blend with a 40/60 weight ratio.     

微小型无人直升机建模与姿态控制

建立了微小型无人直升机数学模型,并采用误差预报法进行参数辨识,获得了较高精度的数学模型。应用H_∞回路成形鲁棒控制方法设计了微小型无人直升机姿态控制器,并进行了频域分析,开环控制系统的成型效果良好。在模型浮动20%条件下进行仿真,结果表明控制系统具有较强的鲁棒性。飞行试验获得了良好的控制效果,验证了建模与控制器设计方法的可行性和有效性。     

考虑邻近建筑物影响的内撑式排桩基坑支护局部破坏研究

基坑开挖与周围环境相互影响,而邻近建筑物对基坑支护体系局部破坏的影响鲜有研究。通过内撑式排桩支护砂土基坑模型试验,研究了坑外有、无建筑物两种情况下基坑开挖、支撑局部破坏和桩后砂土渗漏对内撑式排桩基坑支护体系受力及变形性能的影响。试验结果表明：受邻近建筑物的影响,随基坑逐渐开挖,平行于邻近建筑物长边的支护桩桩顶水平位移增大,而垂直于邻近建筑物长边的支护桩桩顶水平位移减小,同时基坑中部内支撑轴力明显增大,角撑次之,边撑反而减小;邻近建筑物对平行于建筑物长边的支护桩桩身弯矩及反弯点影响较大,而对垂直于建筑物长边的支护桩桩身弯矩影响较小;局部内支撑破坏引起的坑外地面沉降较小,而内支撑连续破坏导致坑外地面产生显著沉降,影响范围为0.12~0.23倍开挖深度,同时临近的未失效支撑轴力显著增大,易引发连续破坏;邻近建筑物对平行于建筑物长边的支护桩桩身弯矩影响较大,对垂直于建筑物长边的支护桩桩身弯矩影响较小。当桩后砂土出现渗漏时,对平行于邻近建筑物长边的支护桩影响更为明显。     

框架结构护岸新技术在城市河道中的应用

好溪堰河是贯穿浙江省丽水市主城区的一条千年古河道,在河道整治过程中,受制于河道周边的密集建筑物,传统的河道护岸技术均难以同时满足水利、市政、交通及景观的多元化要求。在分析其他创新河道护岸技术特点及存在问题的基础上,提出了适用于城市河道的桩柱式、框柱式两种框架结构护岸新技术,这两种护岸在维护河道周边建筑物稳定的同时,均具有不加深河床就可拓宽河道过流断面、不减少河岸用地、保持岸路畅通、改善水质及生态效果、提高亲水性等优点,在丽水好溪堰河水系整治工程中应用较为成功。     

试析钻孔灌注桩基础施工技术在桥梁工程中的应用

通过以某桥梁工程为例,探析了钻孔灌注桩基础施工技术在桥梁工程中的具体应用,并为类似桥梁工程的基础施工人员提供了一定的参考和依据。     

基于粗糙集的载体桩质量核心影响因素分析

针对载体桩质量不容易控制的特点,在剖析载体桩承载机理的基础上,分析了影响载体桩质量的各因素,并引入粗糙集理论,建立了影响因素约简模型。以邯郸地区载体桩工程为例,通过模型约简得出最小的影响因素集,从而确立了影响载体桩质量的核心影响因素,为载体桩的质量预测和控制提供理论依据。结果显示该方法克服了目前人们以主观和定性分析为主的缺点,可信度较高。     

长短桩复合地基设计计算方法探讨

分别从长桩和短桩作用机理两方面阐述了长短桩复合地基的作用机理。以刚性长桩和柔性短桩组合成的长短桩复合地基为例,对常用的长短桩复合地基承载力计算方法之面积加权法和分步叠加法进行了介绍和对比分析,得出两种方法计算结果的一致性,并通过工程实例进行了验证。对长短桩复合地基沉降计算方法之复合模量法和增大系数法进行了介绍,分析了两种计算方法产生误差的原因,给出了一个采用增大系数法计算长短桩复合地基沉降的工程实例,工程实例计算结果与实际观测结果较吻合。建议采用增大系数法计算长短桩复合地基沉降时有必要对加固区桩间土模量增大系数进行适当修正,修正系数的取值范围需通过对大量工程实例进行分析后确定。     

Evaluation of group effect of pile group under dragload embedded in clay

A simple semi-empirical analysis method for predicting the group effect of pile group under dragload embedded in clay was described assuming an effective influence area around various locations of pile group. Various pile and soil parameters such as the array of pile group, spacing of the piles (S), embedment length to diameter ratio of piles (L/D) and the soil properties such as density (γ), angle of internal friction (φ) and pile-soil interface friction coefficient (μ) were considered in the analysis. Model test for dragload of pile group on viscosity soil layer under surface load consolidation conditions was studied. The variations of dragload of pile, resistance of pile tip and the layered settlement of soil with consolidation time were measured. In order to perform comparative analysis, single pile was tested in the same conditions. The predicted group effect values of pile group under dragload were then compared with model test results carried out as a part of the present investigation and also with the values reported in literatures. The predicted values were found to be in good agreement with the measured values, validating the developed analysis method. The model test results show that negative skin friction of pile shaft will reach 80%–90% of its maximum value, when pile-soil relative displacement reaches 2 mm. Foundation item: Project(50679015) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

高压旋喷桩复合地基承载特性的有限元分析

结合工程实际,运用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS分析了不同桩长、不同桩土模量比和不同桩间距情况下高压旋喷桩复合地基的承载特性.结果表明,该地基存在有效桩长,当桩土模量较合适时,该地基能够发挥最大作用;同时运用ANSYS优化功能,得出了最优桩长、最优桩体弹性模量和最优桩间距,为实际工程提供一些参考.