水泥的品质和混凝土质量的关系(上)

在传统上，混凝土是按强度进行设计的，对混凝土的质量的最终标准主要是强度，因此混凝土生产者对水泥品质的要求也是强调强度；强度越高的水泥被认为质量也越高，如此的发展，造成近年来混凝土结构出现裂缝尤其是早期开裂的现象日益普遍。其原因很复杂，单从水泥来说，比表面积、矿物组成中C3A、C3S、碱含量的增加，热水泥的出厂，都增加了开裂的敏感性，降低了流变性能，是原材料中影响混凝土质量主要原因。应当把抗裂性作为水泥品质的重要要求，并限制出厂水泥的温度。     

热含量不变量的SAR图像点特征变化检测

针对区域变化检测受分类器精度影响大、无法探测出内部细微变化这一问题,本文提出了基于热含量不变量的合成孔径雷达（Synthetic aperture radar,SAR）图像点特征变化检测.该方法利用热核特征,具有计算简便、矩阵扰动性小的特点,且有效地降低了噪声的干扰.由热核不变量的统计特性,采用期望极大化（Expectation maximization,EM）算法解决了SAR图像的自动变化检测.同时通过对权的讨论,给出了适用于SAR图像的权函数定义.对单波段单极化SAR与多极化SAR图像,本文算法相比于基于像素和似然比的方法,能够更快速更精确地检测到变化区域.     

Crystallography and equilibrium solubility for ammonium and potassium orthophosphites and hypophosphites

The composition and solubility properties of eight ammonium and potassium orthophosphites and hypophosphites were determined to evaluate the potential of these classes of materials for increasing the plant nutrient content of liquid fertilizers. Phase relationships for the systems (NH₄)₂O-P₂O₃-H₂O, K₂O-P₂O₃-H₂O, (NH₄)₂O-P₂O-H₂O, and K₂O-P₂O-H₂O were determined along with the crystallographic properties (X-ray and optical) of the solid phases. Toxicity and phosphite response was tested in greenhouse experiments for the compounds.     

多层水平气流带式干燥机的数学模型

根据干燥传质传热学原理和干燥动力学特性，建立了水平气流带式干燥机干燥过程的数学模型。该模型可以预测干燥机合理的通风道高度、带翻转最佳时间和热风风速等。为优化多层带式干燥机的结构或设计新的水平气流带式干燥机提供了理论依据。     

高聚物湿度传感器的研究

本文介绍采用辐射引发聚合的方法制备高聚物/晶振型湿度传感器。通过对高聚物膜的感湿性能测试与评价,确定聚合物膜中各单体组分含量,并优化辐射聚合工艺。该高聚物/晶振型湿度传感器的技术特点是:湿度测量范围宽10％～100％RH;湿滞回差小,测量误差小于±2％RH。尤其适于在易燃易爆环境下应用。     

Surface properties of ZSM-5 modified by phosphorus

Phosphorus modification of ZSM-5 leads to extra framework P⁵⁺ and probably incorporation of +3 valence state of P in the framework. The resulting system has increased Brønsted acidity. Theoretical calculations also favour the postulate that phosphorus in +3 valence state can be incorporated into the lattice.     

Host Plant Volatiles Synergize Response to Sex Pheromone in Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella

Plant volatile compounds synergize attraction of codling moth males Cydia pomonella to sex pheromone (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone). Several apple volatiles, known to elicit a strong antennal response, were tested in a wind tunnel. Two-component blends of 1 pg/min codlemone and 100 pg/min of either racemic linalool, (E)-beta-farnesene, or (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol attracted significantly more males to the source than codlemone alone (60, 58, 56, and 37%, respectively). In comparison, a blend of codlemone and a known pheromone synergist, dodecanol, attracted 56% of the males tested. Blends of pheromone and plant volatiles in a 1:100 ratio attracted more males than 1:1 or 1:10,000 blends. Adding two or four of the most active plant compounds to codlemone did not enhance attraction over blends of codlemone plus single-plant compounds. Of the test compounds, only farnesol was attractive by itself; at a release rate of 10,000 pg/min, 16% of the males arrived at the source. However, attraction to a 1:10,000 blend of codlemone and farnesol (42%) was not significantly different from attraction to codlemone alone (37%). In contrast, a codlemone mimic, (E)-10-dodecadien-1-ol, which attracted 2% males by itself, had a strong antagonistic effect when blended in a 1:10,000 ratio with codlemone.     

反式-1,4-聚异戊二烯的氯化改性

采用水相悬浮法，在常压下对反式-1，4-聚异戊二烯（TPI）进行氯化改性。研究了温度、时间、粒径等对氯化反式-1，4-聚异戊二烯（CTPI）氯含量的影响。得到适宜的反应条件是：采用两阶段升温的方法，控制一定的通氯量，第一阶段，反应温度为35℃，反应时间为2～3h；第二阶段．反应温度为50～55℃，反应时间为1～6h，可获得氯质量分数在50％以内的CTPI，产品为可溶解的白色疏松颗粒。     

Premodification of Pt/γAl2O3 with Cinchonidine for the Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Ethyl Pyruvate: Effect of Premodification Conditions on Reaction Rate and Enantioselection

The premodification of a 5 wt% Pt/-Al₂O₃ catalyst with cinchonidine (0.01 and 0.2 g g^-1 _catalyst) is described and discussed. Premodification is carried out by treating the catalyst with a solution of cinchonidine followed by solvent removal. Catalysts premodified in this way give the same ee and initial rate of reaction for the enantioselective hydrogenation of ethyl pyruvate as those using the standard in situ modification procedure. Investigations of different solvents for premodification and reaction (dichloromethane, ethanol) show that it is the solvent used for the reaction that controls the observed enantioselection. Premodified catalysts also display the initial transient behavior typically observed with in situ modified catalysts in which the ee increases with conversion in the early part of the reaction. Premodified catalysts show an enhanced rate of reaction when ethanol is used as the reaction solvent compared with in situ modified catalysts under the same conditions. Premodification using aerobic conditions gives the best results and premodified catalysts can be stored prior to use for up to a week without loss of catalytic performance.     

高铝质强化日用瓷釉料

通过调整软质熔剂和硬质熔剂的种类和数量 ,研制出了适合刚玉质强化瓷的釉面硬度 7373MPa、白度 75 .9%、光泽度 89.3%且高热稳定性的透明釉料