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本文针对天然气井提高钻井速度问题,总结分析了盆地中部井身结构,水力、机械参数,聚合物钻井液,正注反挤固井等工艺技术对该地区钻速的影响。指出提高天然气井钻井速度,必须搞好系统工程,形成配套技术。     

The traditional Yemeni window and natural lighting

The traditional Yemeni window is considered to be one of the most important elements that characterize the yemeni architecture. The beauty of the traditional Yemeni window comes from its four main components which combined the functions of view, lighting, ventilation, protection, and privacy. These functions can be controlled by the occupants according to their social and environmental needs. The four main components are the lower part (Taqah), the fanlight (Qamariyah), the wooden external overhang (Konnah), and the small vent (Shaquos). Since fanlights provide natural lighting during day-time, the area of the lower part can be reduced and its exterior shutters can be closed without the need for artificial lighting. The internal natural lighting that is provided by the upper and lower parts of the window was investigated to see its quality. In this investigation, there were two main goals. The first is the contribution and quality of the internal light provided by the Qamariyah when shutters are closed. The second is the effect of the internal simple white cloth curtains, in the lower part, in the internal light quality. Visual measurements were taken in a typical room of a traditional house of the Old City of Sana'a, Yemen. From the findings, it was found that the fanlights (Qamariyat) provide low and soft homogeneous internal lighting which was as low as 22 lux average. However, the occupants have the ability to increase level of lighting to as high as 600 or 700 lux. This can be done simply by deciding which shutter to open and how many of them to be opened. In this paper, the methodology and findings will be presented and discussed.     

生物工程发酵饮料—醋酸饮料

本文着重介绍醛酸饮料的形成、特点和营养保健作用。     

Experimental and mathematical studies of natural convection for solid-salt dissolution in water

The phenomena of natural convection caused by a concentration gradient usually creates currents as a result of buoyancy forces. These forces are formed from the combined effect of a fluid density gradient and the body force (gravitational force). The above phenomenon was studied experimentally in a circular glass column of 0.08 m diameter and 1 m length. This column was erected vertically and filled with distilled water with a salt bag placed on top of it and partially immersed in water. The dissolution mechanism was then modelled and a finite difference method was used to solve the formulated equations by using the implicit scheme of MacCormack (Anderson et al., 1984). The experimental results and the numerical predictions are represented graphically and give compatible agreement.     

分析恒载效应的有限元方法

本文在Takabatake关于恒载对梁静、动力影响的研究工作的基础上,导出了梁考虑恒载效应的动力分析有限元公式,提出了荷载影响刚度矩阵的概念。分析了分布和集中两种恒载型式对简支梁和悬臂梁自振特性的影响。计算结果表明,用本文方法与Takabatake应用Galerkin方法和近似闭合解方法的结果吻合良好。同时由于本文采用了矩阵形式,不仅便于编制计算机程序,且使方法有更广泛的适用性和灵活性,可更方便地用于各种不同的构造和边界条件下的实际结构。     

Natural zeolite utilisation in pollution control: A review of applications to metals' effluents

This paper assesses the potential of natural zeolite utilization as a low-cost ion-exchange and sorbent material in pollution control and recovery of metals. The improvement of the purity of natural zeolites coupled with their chemical modification capabilities in order to provide specific properties may provide a cost-effective alternative for the treatment of heavy metal contaminated soil and water. The application of natural zeolites in industrial pollution control is becoming important and the level of technical effort is increasingly expanding. The extent of application is unlikely to be related solely to their low cost, but also to improved properties and performance characteristics, which will advance the practical implementation of natural zeolites' technology.     

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本文简要介绍了国外在开发超酸性气体过程中遇到的材料选择、腐蚀监测、水化物堵塞、超酸性气的处理和加工等问题所采取的措施和办法。     

活塞式压缩机吸排气管道的振动与控制

阐述了活塞式压缩机吸、排气管道强烈振动的危害，分析了产生共振的原因，介绍了现场消减管道振动的有效措施。     

OPC技术在天然气流量计算中的应用

介绍了OPC技术及其应用于天然气流量计算的实现过程 ,设计了基于SY/T6 14 3《天然气流量的标准孔板计量方法》标准的天然气流量计算软件。该软件在新疆某输气管道项目和成都某天然气项目中都获得了成功应用     

超低密度早强水泥浆在天然气井固井中的应用

在天然气井固井中,上部固井质量一直存在问题。为了提高固井质量,达到保护套管的目的,研制了新型水泥浆体系。经室内研究,选择了减轻剂的种类与粒级配比;根据低密度水泥浆的性能要求,确定了配方,并对该配方进行了触变防漏特性及稳定性分析,形成了具有体系稳定、水泥浆密度波动对水泥浆体系产生影响较小、抗漏失能力强、早期强度发展快等特点的超低密度水泥浆体系。经现场试验,获得了较好的效果。