混凝土骨料二维分布的模拟和应用

通过在一个矩形截面上模拟混凝土骨料的实际分布，获得了该截面上任一点的骨料分布密度和骨料分布的统计特性。模拟结果表明，当模拟次数趋向于无穷大时，截面上任一点的骨料分布密度趋向于定值，对于不同的骨料面积百分数，骨料分布密度曲线的形状十分相似，均由上升段和水平段两部分组成。基于这些模拟结果，利用数学拟合获得了骨料分布密度的解析表达式，并被混凝土实验所初步证实。作为一个应用，本文计算了混凝土截面上各点的氯离子扩散系数。     

固定式宽带无线接入技术--LMDS

本地多点分配业务(LMDS)是近年来在国际上兴起的固定式宽带无线接入技术,具有传输容量大、起始费用低的优点,受到了国内外电信业务经营者的普遍关注.文章介绍了LMDS提供的业务类型、工作频率、系统结构和标准化情况,并将LMDS与有线电视网络、ADSL、MMDS等现有的接入技术进行了比较.文章认为LMDS的商业推广尚需解决信号质量、服务区尺寸、费用等制约因素.     

A New Method for Target Recognition

1　Introduction　SinceZadeh[1] establishedfuzzysettheoryin 196 5 ,fuzzysetmakesgreatachievementintheoryandapplica tion[2～ 5] .Becausethereexistintrinsicfuzzinessinpat ternrecognition ,usingfuzzysettopatternrecognitionacquiregreatsuccess.Toexplainthedifferentandrela tionbetweenfuzzysetandprobabilitytheory ,Zadeh[6 ]introducedpossibilitytheoryin 1978.Possibilitytheoryhadbeenusedinfuzzyreason ,fuzzycontrolandexpertsystem[7～ 9] .Applingpossibilitytheoryto patternrecognitionisattemptedbyHalland…     

Tensile fracture and failure behavior of technical flax fibers

The apparent tensile strength of technical flax fibers was determined in single‐fiber tests at various clamping lengths (20, 40, and 80 mm) and the outcome was compared with literature data. It was demonstrated that the strength of flax at each clamping length obeyed the two‐parameter Weibull model. The failure mode and sequence were studied in situ (i.e., during loading) by SEM and acoustic emission (AE). The failure sequence (axial splitting of the technical fiber along its elementary constituents, radial cracking of the elementary fibers, multiple fracture of the elementary fibers) concluded reflected the hierarchical build‐up of the flax bast fibers. To the above failure events AE amplitude ranges were assigned. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3638–3645, 2003     

Wake and aerodynamics loads in multiple bodies—application to turbomachinery blade rows

Two-dimensional, unsteady flow around bodies of complex geometry (or multiple bodies) at high Reynolds number is simulated using the vortex method. This method is modified to take into account the sub-grid scale phenomena through a second order velocity structure function model adapted to the Lagrangian scheme. The dynamics of the body wake is computed using the convection-diffusion splitting algorithm; the convection process is carried out with a Lagrangian Adams-Bashforth time-marching scheme and the diffusion process is simulated using the random walk method. The pressure distribution is obtained using an integral equation derived from the pressure Poisson equation, which was first developed for a single body. Results for the numerical simulation around a linear cascade of airfoils are presented. As the flow is periodic in the y direction, the discrete vortex shedding need only be considered for a reference airfoil. The flow characteristics around the NACA 65-410 series airfoils are calculated and comparisons are made with results available in the literature.     

推进石化销售企业质量管理创新发展

对照IS0 9001质量管理体系标推的要求，结合石化销售企业质量管理工作中存在的主要问题，提出质量管理工作创新的建议。     

Powder Deposition in Three Parallel-Oriented Dies of Different Shapes

Uniformity of bulk density distribution during the die filling process is required to minimize quality problems, such as distortion and cracking, for powder compacts. Understanding the die filling process is necessary in ensuring a uniform powder deposition. The second-generation pressure deposition tester (PDT-II) was used to investigate the deposition process and final pressure distribution of powder filling in toroidal, cylindrical, and E-shaped dies. All tests were conducted using a spray-dried free-flowing granular powder. The results indicated that for toroidal dies: (1) the area around 0° orientation (the leeward end) had the highest pressure values (1186.7 to 2498.0 Pa), with the average pressure values of the remaining area 353.7-648.0 Pa; (2) the pressure distribution was symmetrical about the centerline parallel to the feed shoe movement direction; (3) the highest feed shoe speed (500 mm/s) led to the most nonuniform pressure distribution among the three speeds; (4) higher feed shoe speed did not always result in higher final pressure values; and (5) the right die tended to have higher final pressure values (215.0 to 2498.0 Pa) than the center die (95.4 to 2052.5 Pa). For E-shaped dies: (1) the final pressure values of the middle leg (308.9 to 760.7 Pa) were higher than those of the left and the right legs (148.9 to 530.3 Pa); (2) the area along the backside had the highest final pressure value (1054.6 to 1303.8 Pa); (3) the pressure distribution was symmetrical about the centerline parallel to the feed shoe movement direction; and (4) neither the center die nor the right die always had higher pressure values than the other one at all locations. Comparison between cylindrical and toroidal dies indicated that: (1) neither of the two die shapes (cylinder and toroid) led to consistently higher or lower final pressure values at all locations and (2) for all three feed shoe speeds, the toroidal die had higher average final pressure values in the 0° orientation.     

考虑弯道环流影响的平面二维水流泥沙数学模型

弯道环流是影响断面流速和含沙量分布的重要因素。本文提出了通过求解立面二维弯道环流运动的方法,在平面二维水流泥沙数学模型中考虑弯道环流的作用。该方法适用范围广,增加计算工作量不太大。     

A semiparametric model for compositional data analysis in presence of covariates on the simplex

Compositional data occur as natural realizations of multivariate observations comprising element proportions of some whole quantity. Such observations predominate in disciplines like geology, biology, ecology, economics and chemistry. Due to unit sum constraint on compositional data, specialized statistical methods are required for analyzing these data. Dirichlet distributions were originally used to study compositional data even though this family of distribution is not appropriate (see Aitchison, 1986) because of their extreme independence properties. Aitchison (1982) endeavored to provide a viable alternative to existing methods by employing Logistic Normal distribution to analyze such constrained data. However this family does not include the Dirichlet class and is therefore unable to address the issue of extreme independence. In this paper generalized Liouville family is investigated to model compositional data which includes covariates. This class permits distributions that admit negative or mixed correlation and also contains non-Dirichlet distributions with non-positive correlation and overcomes deficits in the Dirichlet class. Semiparametric Bayesian methods are proposed to estimate the probability density. Predictive distributions are used to assess performance of the model. The methods are illustrated on a real data set.     

Finite elements in the analysis of pressure vessels and piping-a bibliography (1976–1996)

The paper gives a bibliographical review of the finite element methods (FEMs) applied for the analysis of pressure vessel structures/components and piping from the theoretical as well as practical points of view. The range of applications of FEMs in this area is wide and cannot be presented in a single paper; therefore the aim of this review is to give the reader an encyclopaedic view of the differnt possibilities that exist today for the finite element analysis in the fields of pressure vessels and piping. The bibliography at the end of the paper contains approximately 1900 references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations on the subject that were published in 1976–1996. These are classified in the following categories: linear and non-linear, static and dynamic, stress and deflection analysis; stability problems; thermal problems; fracture mechanics problems; contact problems; fluid-structure interaction problems; manufacturing of pipes and tubes; welded pipes and pressure vessel components; development of special finite elements for pressure vessels and pipes; finite element software; and other topics. Also finite element software, general purpose and special purpose codes, used for the analysis of pressure vessels and pipes are briefly discussed and presented.