Probabilistic linear models for multiresolution estimation in gray-level images

A multiresolution analysis of digital gray-level images is presented. A gray-level multi-scale framework is determined from two main assumptions: the gray scale is binary at the finest spatial resolution, and the gray levels of composed regions are obtained additively. In order to interrelate the gray-level histograms of the same image at different resolutions, probabilistic linear models are developed, which are then applied for estimation. Linear-optimization theory is used as a way of constructing such models. A general procedure for image processing is sketched, based on gray-level estimation. A versatile algorithm for nonlinear filtering is derived. Some examples of prospective applications are given.This work was partially supported by grant TIC91-646 from the DGYCIT of the Spanish Government.     

掺杂染料的向列相液晶微粒材料的非线性光学研究

对布满液晶微粒的聚合物(PDLC)进行了简并四波混频及光学双稳态的研究,并在文中对相关的PDLC中的分子重取向和热效应的非线性光学效应进行了讨论.     

A new approach to the mechanism of chlorine evolution: Separate examination of the kinetic steps using ac impedance on a rotating thin ring electrode

In the absence of a bulk diffusion effect, it is shown for the first time that the impedance spectra for the chlorine evolution reaction on a rotating thin ring electrode comprise three consecutive semicircles in the capacitive half of the complex plane. The first (highest frequency) semicircle is due to the charge-transfer resistance for chloride discharge and the simultaneous chlorine adsorption coupled to the double-layer capacitance. The second semicircle (around 5 Hz) is due to the adsorption and desorption of a chlorine intermediate. The third (lowest frequency, around 0.5 Hz) semicircle is due to the relaxation of surface oxygen species. The impedance data allow the steps of the overall reaction to be examined individually. On a Pt surface the rate of chloride discharge and simultaneous chlorine adsorption (the admittance of the first semicircle) is first order with respect to chloride concentration and has a potential-dependence close to 58 mV/decade. The rate of the adsorption and desorption process (the admittance of the second semicircle) is second order with respect to chloride concentration, and has a potential dependence close to 30 mV/decade. The time constant for the adsorption/desorption processes is ca 20 ms, independent of electrode potential in the range studied. These features are consistent with a mechanism in which a faster discharge reaction (Cl⁻ Cl_ad + e) is followed by a slower surface combination reaction (2Cl_ad → Cl₂), but inconsistent with mechanisms in which ion + atom desorption is predominant, the initial chloride discharge is slow, or a unipositively charged chlorine species is involved.     

自发参量下转换光场的实验研究进展综述

自发参量下转换(spontaneous parametric down-conversion,SPDC)光场是基于单色泵浦光子流和量子真空噪声对非线性晶体的综合作用而产生的,它固有的量子起源决定了在非经典光场研究中的重要地位和作用.对SPDC光场的相干特性和它在绝对测量光电探测器量子效率中的应用进行了深入而细致的研究和探讨.     

无约束淬火机目标温度神经网络预报

淬火、控制冷却的冷却速度和目标温度是关系到钢板性能的关键因素 ,但由于冷却过程的水量、水温、辊道速度等对冷却目标温度的影响属多变量非线性过程 ,用简单的解析模型通常精度较低 ,难以达到精确控制的要求。采用人工神经网络技术对无约束淬火机目标温度进行快速预报 ,结果表明 ,预测精度高 ,快速准确     

电站并联运行的不对称非线性振荡

本文给出一个结构不完全对称并联电网的等价定理,它把双输入双输出非线性耦合的微分方程组等价为单输入单输出的非线性微分方程,然后用渐近方法和谐波线性化方法求其一次近似解,得到一些新的物理性质,有助于合理选择电网结构,以提高其结构稳定性.     

罗茨真空泵的溢流阀与旁通阀的组合

在简要地介绍了罗茨泵功能的基础上，通过溢流阀的改进设计，使溢流阀成为既能旁通又能溢流的组合阀，罗茨泵的功能将更加完备。     

Optimal Operation of Reservoir Systems using Simulated Annealing

A stochastic search technique, simulated annealing (SA), is used to optimize the operation of multiple reservoirs. Seminal application of annealing technique in general to multi-period, multiple-reservoir systems, along with problem representation and selection of different parameter values used in the annealing algorithm for specific cases is discussed. The search technique is improved with the help of heuristic rules, problem-specific information and concepts from the field of evolutionary algorithms. The technique is tested for application to a benchmark problem of four-reservoir system previously solved using a linear programming formulation and its ability to replicate the global optimum solution is examined. The technique is also applied to a system of four hydropower generating reservoirs in Manitoba, Canada, to derive optimal operating rules. A limited version of this problem is solved using a mixed integer nonlinear programming and results are compared with those obtained using SA. A better objective function value is obtained using simulated annealing than the value from a mixed integer non-linear programming model developed for the same problem. Results obtained from these applications suggest that simulated annealing can be used for obtaining near-optimal solutions for multi-period reservoir operation problems that are computationally intractable.     

转子系统热膨胀状态下固有横振频率

把转子的惯性力看成作用在轴上的外力,采用新的非线性渐近法研究热膨胀对转子系统固有横振频率的影响.     

高非线性光纤及其应用

介绍了各种高非线性光纤的原理，并对其在超连续（SC）脉冲的产生和波长变换上的应用作了讨论。