Communication‐mediated psychological mechanisms of Chinese publics’ post‐crisis corporate associations and government associations

Through an online national survey in China, the study empirically examines the serial mediation effects of active communication behaviour and post‐crisis corporate associations in the relationships between initial crisis perceptions of problem, constraint, and involvement recognitions and government associations. The study suggested that higher problem and involvement recognitions were positively associated with more active communication behaviour in crisis, and such active communication behaviour was in turn positively associated with more favourable post‐crisis corporate associations. The findings also revealed connections between post‐crisis corporate associations and government associations, suggesting publics’ psychological associations of the company in crisis were extended to government associations in China.     

Depicting the Asymmetries of Vegetation Phenology over Northeast China Using Remote Sensing NDVI Dataset

Vegetation phenology is an important ecological indicator for global climate change.Plant greenup phenology in the spring time has been well studied,whereas autumn phenology and its asymmetry with spring phenology still remain unclear.Here,the GIMMS NDVI3g dataset for Northeast China was applied to extract the key phenological parameters during plant growth process,then three phenological asymmetry indices were defined according to the difference between greenup rate and senescence rate(AsyR),growth length in spring and autumn(AsyL),mean vegetation greenness index in spring and autumn(AsyV).First,plant growing curve was fitted with double logistic function and the phenological parameters was calculated.Second,the spatiotemporal pattern of asymmetry indices was explored.The results indicate that the three phenological asymmetry indices show a significant interannual variability and a time cycle of around ten years.The direction of amplitude for AsyV and AsyL was opposite with that of AsyR.Three indices could depict the phenological asymmetries from various perspectives and have a degree of uncertainty.The landscape pattern for AsyV and Asy R is similar.AsyV and AsyR show a capability of distinguishing cropland and natural vegetation cover.AsyL reflects a complex spatial distribution.Phenological asymmetries reveal that coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest present a dominant control of senescence vegetation activities.These natural vegetation commonly show a growth feature of rapid growth in spring and slow decrease in autumn.Cropland exhibits a slowly growing rate in spring and a rapid decrease in autumn.Phenological asymmetry is not significant in grassland area.Phenological asymmetry could enhance our knowledge on ecosystem carbon sink.In a practical way,phenological asymmetry could serve as a useful tools in vegetation type classification,agricultural investigation and plant ecosystem management.     

多源雪深数据在中国的空间特征评估

积雪的年际和年内变化强烈地影响着区域及全球的水量平衡,同时,积雪反照率反馈也显著地影响着气候变化。目前长时间序列的格网雪深数据主要来自被动微波遥感及再分析资料,但不同数据之间存在着明显差异。基于多源雪深数据的评估,特别是空间特性的评估还很缺乏。因此,本研究选取了AMSR-E、WESTDC、GlobSnow、RA-Interim及MERRA2这5种雪深数据,以站点观测数据为参考真值,对它们进行了中国地区的空间误差对比及基于误差排序的相对表现分析。评估结果初步显示：①WESTDC在我国西北及东北积雪区表现较好,适合用于我国北方的雪深研究;②MERRA2在西北和东北积雪区也有较好的表现,但由于其分辨率较粗,缺乏细节的空间信息,因此认为比较适用于大区域的统计分析;③AMSR-E在我国中部和东南地区表现最好,因此认为适合我国中部及东南部的雪深研究。     

The political economy of flood management reform in China

Abstract

This article examines the political economy factors that are likely to shape China’s attempts to reform its approach to managing floods, particularly by implementing integrated flood risk management (IFRM). IFRM emphasizes the use of structural and non-structural measures to reduce flood risk, rather than simply seeking to control flooding. For China, reducing flood risk is increasingly important in light of urbanization and climate change. However, a number of political economy issues, especially the division of power between central and local levels of government, create considerable challenges for flood management reform. This article examines China’s approach to implementing IFRM in light of existing political economy constraints and the institutional framework for flood management. It argues that effective flood management reform requires addressing common challenges, including interjurisdictional and intersectoral coordination and stakeholder participation.     

Policy and implementation of land-based resettlement in China (1949–2014)

Abstract

Since 1949, land compensation and allocation standards for rural resettlers in China have gradually improved. However, the land allocation standards that local governments promised or that were stipulated by policy were not met in practice. The factors that led to implementation gaps included the development outlook of the central government, the will of resettlers, the execution ability of the local government and the attitudes of residents in the host villages. To meet land-based resettlement goals, the government should raise the land compensation standards, and residents in the host village should share the benefits of the project.     

Conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water to reduce soil salinization in the Yinchuan Plain,North-West China

Abstract

Poor water resource management is an important factor in soil salinization in arid areas. In this study, the status of soil salinization and its controlling factors are summarized for the Yinchuan Plain, North-West China. The conjunctive use of surface water diverted from the Yellow River and groundwater abstracted from a shallow aquifer is proposed to alleviate soil salinization in the plain. Scenarios are designed and simulated to determine the optimal proportions at which groundwater should be exploited for irrigation in the three cities of the plain. Policies and suggestions regarding sustainable water resources and soil salinization research in the plain are recommended.     

川东北方山丘陵地貌区水资源保护措施

以方山为地貌特色的川东北低山丘陵区水资源严重缺乏。从地质构造、地形地貌、气候、土地设施建设利用方式和水利设施建设等方面对四川达州千口岭方山水资源缺乏原因进行剖析,探讨水资源保护措施,对保水措施的综合效益进行评价。结果表明:千口岭以厚层或巨厚层砂岩为主的地层条件、构造裂隙和风化裂隙较发育的构造背景及方山 “顶平、坡陡、麓缓”的地貌特性,使得水资源极易流失;亚热带季风气候以及副高控制,易形成伏旱和春旱;土地利用方式、耕作制度和水利设施历史遗留原因使得水资源利用效益低下;适宜于方山区“Ω”形槽谷、垭口和平缓地形区的3种小型水利工程措施,是解决方山区缺水问题的主要途径。研究结果可为解决同类地区缺水问题提供借鉴。     

Evaluation of numerical wave model for typhoon wave simulation in South China Sea

The simulating waves nearshore (SWAN) model has typically been designed for wave simulations in near-shore regions. In this study, the model's applicability to the simulation of typhoon waves in the South China Sea (SCS) was evaluated. A blended wind field, consisting of an interior domain based on Fujita's model and an exterior domain based on Takahashi's model, was used as the driving wind field. The waves driven by Typhoon Kai-tak over the SCS that occurred in 2012 were selected for the numerical simulation research. Sensitivity analyses of time step, grid resolution, and angle resolution were performed in order to obtain optimal model settings. Through sensitivity analyses, it can be found that the time step has a large influence on the results, while grid resolution and angle resolution have a little effect on the results.     

Editorial: Industrial relevance of molybdenum in China

About 80% of all molybdenum mined in the world (not including units recovered via recycling) is used as an alloying element in iron and steel. In general, the intensity of molybdenum use in China is still lower than in more highly developed regions such as the USA and Europe. This difference is manifest in both carbon steels and stainless steels, suggesting a significant opportunity for more widespread use of molybdenum in the future as China follows its self-reliance policy, calling for more sophisticated materials. Active market development, as being pursued by the International Molybdenum Association (IMOA), is a key asset in that respect. This article summarizes some key facts on molybdenum mining, use and market development in China.The full text can be downloaded at https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs40436-019-00270-5.pdf     

传统造物美学思想的表达及其设计意义

旨在考述中国传统造物美学思想对现代设计仍具有重要的意义,以启迪创新思维,点燃设计激情,激活中国现代设计文化的内在意义。透过中国传统造物设计与传统哲学、美学的深层联系,重新思辨中国传统造物美学的智慧,衔接传统与现代,简述中国传统造物美学思想的理论价值与文化内涵,并着重分析它对现代设计的启示意义,借此希望有助于拓展中国现代设计理念,创造生态设计共同体,提升人们的生活品质。中国传统造物美学思想会不断丰富现代设计思想的内涵,并积极推动现代设计艺术与美学思想的建设和发展,传统造物美学思想与现代设计美学所倡导的生活方式设计、人性化设计、生态设计理念极为相似,对于解决当下设计所存在且面临的诸多问题具有重要的启示意义。