The potential use of wetlands to reduce phosphorus export from agricultural catchments

Natural and artificial wetlands have the potential to reduce phosphorus (P) loads from dispersed agricultural runoff and from point sources in the Peel-Harvey catchment, Western Australia. Small experimental systems containing wetland plants and substrate have shown significant removal of P from inflowing water, the proportion of P removed being dependent on P concentration and flow rate of water through the system. The use of artificial wetlands to treat diffuse agricultural runoff is limited by the highly seasonal runoff typical of this Mediterranean climate, while use at point sources has so far been unsuccessful because compounds from the effluent clog the wetland filters. Treatment at point sources may well be feasible after further research.Natural wetlands in the catchment absorb P received in runoff from farmland and, in the absence of any outflow channels to the drainage system, confine this P within the boundaries of the wetland. Disturbance to wetlands may reduce their efficiency in absorbing nutrients and may release P stored in the vegetation and sediment to the water. The conservation of natural wetlands is recommended to maximise nutrient retention in the catchment.     

多标准视频编码器下的运动估计评估

运动估计是视频编码过程中最为复杂和耗时的阶段。为分析和优化其性能,从多个流行的开源视频编码器中提取出单独的运动估计算法模块,根据视频分辨率和视频内容的不同建立程序输入集,从而构成一套完整的测试程序集合。利用性能分析工具对算法性能和微体系结构性能进行量化分析,给出这些算法在当今主流处理器体系结构上的性能差异。实验结果表明,复杂视频和高分辨率视频下的运动估计算法耗时最长,且大部分算法的指令级并行性没有太大差异。算法最后一级高速缓存的缺失率和分支误预测率都较低,分别在0.01%和7%以下。     

In situ visualization of drop deformation,erosion, and breakup in high viscosity ratio polymeric systems under high shearing stress conditions

In this paper, deformation and breakup under simple shear of single molten polymer drops in a polymer matrix were investigated. Flow visualization was carried out in a Couette‐Flow apparatus under relatively high shear rates and temperatures up to 230°C. Drop/Matrix combinations were composed of polystyrene drops of 0.5–0.6 mm in diameter in polyethylene matrix, and ethylene–propylene copolymer drops of approximately the same size in polypropylene matrix. The deformation and breakup processes were studied under steady state and time‐dependent shearing conditions. Either for steady state or time‐dependant shearing conditions, drop elasticity generated at relatively high shear rates helped the drops to align perpendicular to the flow direction, i.e., parallel to vorticity axis. Also, the most striking non‐Newtonian effects for the high viscosity ratio systems were the surface erosion and the drop splitting mechanisms. The particles eroded off the main droplet surface were very fine, in the range of 10–50 μm, and led to a significant reduction in main drop size before its final breakup. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2582–2591, 2006     

聚丙烯的官能化及其与尼龙66相容性研究

对聚丙烯（PP）进行官能化，并研究了接枝单体含量，引发剂含量，螺杆转速对接枝率和熔体流动速率的影响。再将不同接枝率的PP与尼龙66共混，研究了接枝率对共混物力学性能及相容性的影响；用扫描电子显微镜观察了共混物的形态，与未增容共混体系相比，增容后共混体系分散相尺寸明显减小，增容共混物的形态依赖于增容剂在共混物中的含量，增容剂的分子量及官能化基团的含量。     

基于数据转换服务实现卷烟吸阻达标率的计算

针对吸阻达标率计算过程复杂,操作步骤繁多的问题,提出运用SQL Server工具DTS(Data Transformation Service数据转换服务)计算卷烟吸阻达标率,其实现过程包括数据库连接、数据表建立、视图创建、DTS包设计、代码编写、JOB作业建立和Excel透视表建立等步骤。结果证明吸阻达标率计算程序的开发不仅为达标率的实际应用提供技术支撑,还有助于企业更好地控制产品质量,提高生产工艺水平。     

丙烯抗冲共聚产品EPF30R的开发

介绍了聚丙烯抗冲共聚产品EPF30R的工艺生产特点,并详细阐述了EPF30R重要物理性能与相关工艺控制参数的关系。通过调整TEAL/DONOR比、液相和气相聚合中的氢气浓度、气相组份和乙烯含量,使多相共聚物EPF30R具有良好的高刚性、流动性和冲击性能。     

运用BP网络分析尿素合成塔CO_2转化率

采用BP神经网络模型预测尿素合成塔CO_2 转化率 ,分析了氨碳比和水碳比与转化率之间的关系。详细介绍了建模过程并对隐含层神经元数和迭代次数对网络性能的影响进行了讨论。分析结果表明 :所建模型能准确地对CO_2 转化率进行预测 ,平均相对误差在 1 0 %以内 ;CO_2 转化率随氨碳比的增大而显著增加 ,水碳比的影响则相对较小。     

高精密恒温系统在NDIR气体分析仪中的应用

当前基于非分光红外（NDIR）技术的气体分析仪设计过程中存在很多干扰源,这些干扰源对检测精度影响的轻重程度各有不同,其中,红外池中,温度的稳定性对气体的吸收影响大,此外,对于特定的吸收气体,恒温点同样重要。设计了一种基于增量式PID算法的高精度温控系统,选择对气体吸收影响最小的恒温点,并控温范围为±0.1℃,相比现有同类温控系统,精度提高近10倍。通过试验比较不控温情况下的结果和应用在本恒温系统中的测试结果表明：高精度恒温系统下,NDIR气体分析仪的信噪比得到了明显改善。该成果将直接应用到国家＂十二·五＂计划项目中。     

基于似人特性的机器人拟人臂自主抓取动作规划

针对拟型服务机器人在家庭环境中的自主抓取任务,提出了一种强调运动姿态似人特性的机器人手臂动作的运动规划方法.该方法基于人体工程学中的快速上肢评估准则评价机器人运动姿态的似人特性,并在此基础上以机器人传速速率最优为目标规划机器人持物动作的姿态构型.最后以Motoman SDA10D拟人双臂机器人为例,具体介绍了该方法的应用和规划的结果,规划结果证明了该方法的可行性和有效性.