上海地区不同商品粉煤灰水泥浆体的流变性能

采集了上海地区不同种类，等级和加工方式的7种商品粉煤灰，测定了种各种粉煤灰水泥浆体的流变性能，研究了商品粉煤灰品质与掺量对浆体流变参数的影响，并分析了影响浆体流变性能的粉煤灰主要品质因素。     

曝气生物滤池处理农村生活污水效率与微生物群落分析

以北京大兴区农村生活污水为处理对象,设计了4个反应柱,研究了3种填料结构、2种气水比条件下曝气生物滤池(BAF)对农村生活污水处理效率及微生物群落的影响。结果表明:(1)1~#、2~#、3~#柱气水比相同、填料结构不同,BOD5、CODCr和氨氮的去除率达到84.51%~96.49%;4~#柱与2~#柱填料结构相同,但气水比小,BOD5和CODcr处理效果差;4个柱TP的去除率低,需要强化除磷。(2)1~#、2~#、3~#柱OTU数量差异很小,说明微生物种类数量基本相同;2~#柱特有OTU数远大于4~#柱,说明填料结构相同条件下较大气水比有利于增加微生物种类。(3)1~#、2~#、3~#柱优势菌群主要有6种,在不同高度的优势菌群种类基本相同,但数量上有所差异;仅变形菌门中可能含有聚磷菌,这也是除磷效果差的原因之一。     

不同泊松比复合材料的裂纹尖端应力场

具有平面负泊松比的碳纤维/环氧树脂非平衡复合材料层板具有很高的断裂韧性和缺口断裂强度。本文用复变函数一变分方法计算了负泊比材料的裂纹尖端应力场，并与常规的平衡复合材料进行了比较。本文重点研究了主应力方向与纤维夹角的关系。结果表明：负泊松比材料独特的裂纹尖端应力场有利于提高缺口断裂强度。     

Assessment of the relative agronomic effectiveness of phosphate rocks under glasshouse conditions

Six phosphate rocks (PRs) of varying reactivities were compared with monocalcium phosphate (MCP) in a glasshouse experiment growing perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. Nui) as the test plant on four soils of contrasting P sorption capacity and exchangeable Ca. The cumulative dry matter yield over 10 harvests showed a significant response to P application in all soils. Based on relative yield and P uptake, MCP was the most effective P fertilizer followed by the reactive phosphate rocks, which were superior to the unreactive rocks in all soils. The relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) and substitution ratio (SR) of individual PR fertilizers, calculated with respect to MCP using the methods of vertical and horizontal comparison, respectively, were similar over a range of fertilizer rate. There was a decline or slight increase in the performance of PRs with time in the low P sorption soils but a consistent increase in the high P sorption soils. Some initial influence of exchangeable Ca content of the soils on the relative performance of PRs was also observed. Generally the PRs performed better in high P sorption soils than low P sorption soils and in low exchangeable Ca soils than high exchangeable Ca soils.     

热媒炉热效率分析与提高

分析了影响热媒炉热效率的主要因素 ,介绍了通过对热媒炉盘管干冰除灰和改进风油比控制方式来提高热效率的方法 ,指出提高热媒炉热效率的主要途径是 :降低排烟温度和空气过剩系数。     

双机共用尾水调压室阻力系数试验研究

主要对水流在流入和流出调压室时,其流量比、阻抗孔面积和运行机组数目的变化对调压室阻力系数的影响开展了研究,并对双机共用尾水调压室的物理模型进行了水工试验。试验结果表明,调压室的阻力系数会随着流量比的增大和阻抗孔面积的减小而增大。其中,在分流工况时,双机运行的调压室阻力系数比单机运行的调压室阻力系数要大;在合流工况时,单机运行的调压室阻力系数与双机运行时的相差无几。试验结果可为类似型式的尾水调压室的设计与研究提供借鉴及参考。     

氨纶用聚酯二醇的研究

本文研究了聚酯二醇的生产工艺,重点研究了反应温度对生产工艺的影响以及原料已二酸与二元醇的投料比对产品酸值和羟值的影响,催化剂对产品质量的影响,并对产品着色原因进行了探讨。     

Water-soluble Copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and Vinyl Acetate: Synthesis, Characterization, and Monomer Reactivity at High Conversions

Homogeneous copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and vinyl acetate (VA) which form clear aqueous solutions were prepared by free radical polymerization in a solution of isopropanol alcohol, using 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. They were characterized by FTIR, ¹H-NMR, and element analysis studies. The reactivity ratios of the monomer were computed by the Extended Kelen–Tüdós method at high conversions, using data from both ¹H-NMR and elemental analysis studies. The reactivity ratios of VP and VA in a homogenous copolymer were observed to be very different from that of a heterogeneous copolymer. Additional information was obtained by finding out the sequence length distribution for copolymers.     

北京市雨水收集利用蓄水池容积计算与分析

基于北京市1984—2013年的日降雨资料,以北京林业大学林业楼及其周边绿地为研究区,设置3种用水情景(冲厕、绿地灌溉及冲厕+绿地灌溉),采用连续模拟法,分别绘制3种用水情景下雨水收集利用工程的雨水截留率、自来水替代率、供水保证率以及效益费用比变化曲线,并通过综合分析这些曲线的变化特征确定雨水蓄水池最佳设计容积(60~82 m3)。同时采用设计暴雨法计算1~5年不同重现期的蓄水池设计容积(77~248 m3)。结果表明,连续模拟法计算过程相对复杂,但可用于综合衡量雨水收集利用工程的雨洪管理效益,以及缓解水资源短缺效益、供水可靠性及经济可行性分析。     

粉煤灰对混凝土拌合物泵送性能的影响

介绍了粉煤灰对掺有M17塑化剂的混凝土拌合物泵送性能和混凝土强度的影响，通过扫描电镜对粉煤灰颗粒形貌进行了观察，初步探讨了粉煤灰的作用机理。试验说明在接有M17塑化剂的泵送混凝土中加入粉煤灰，可增加坍落度，降低泌水率，泵逆性能可得到改善。