糯米糍荔枝叶片矿质养分含量充足范围的确定

对深圳市4个典型丰产园糯米糍荔枝叶片7种矿质养分(氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、锌和硼)含量的统计分析表明:采样地点和生育时期均对叶片营养元素含量有显著的影响。四个关键生育时期(末次秋梢老熟期、花芽形态分化期、谢花期和果实成熟期)的单株样与混合(多株)样的供试矿质养分含量之间大部分没有显著差异。本研究根据丰产园糯米糍荔枝叶片混合样的分析结果提出了7种矿质养分的充足含量范围。     

Initial results of remediation activities to restore hypereutrophic Villerest Reservoir (Roanne, France)

We examined the impacts of remediation activities aimed at improving the water quality of hypereutrophic Villerest Reservoir, in which Microcystis aeruginosa dominated during the summer. We also compared nutrients and chlorophyll a data from this study with the results of a previous study on the reservoir. Between the two studies, the nitrogen and phosphorus loads into the reservoir from the main tributary decreased by 70% and 80%, respectively. Within the reservoir, the quantities of ammonia‐nitrogen were similar in the two studies, and the total nitrogen was significantly higher in this study compared to the initial study. Both the phosphate‐phosphorus and total phosphorus concentrations decreased significantly between the two studies. However, the statistically significant decrease in phosphate‐phosphorus and total phosphorus did not always lead to a significant decrease in chlorophyll a concentrations. The nitrogen/phosphorus mass ratio during the present study remained well above five, the critical value below which summer blooms of Microcystis aeruginosa were observed in Villerest Reservoir. These study results indicated that the remediation activities being used to improve the water quality of Villerest Reservoir were off to a good start.     

内蒙古地区万寿菊植株营养成分分析

对内蒙古地区种植的万寿菊进行了营养成分分析。结果显示,本地区万寿菊含有丰富的粗蛋白、粗脂肪以及粗纤维等多种营养成分,除此之外还含有2种半必需氨基酸、7种必需氨基酸和8种非必需氨基酸。     

用于中间控制的复混肥中总养分快速测定方法的对比研究

选择合适的方法进行系列条件试验,建立了复混肥总养分的快速测定方法。与国标法相比,该方法操作更加简便,能使复合肥总养分的测定时间由6h缩短至2h以内。通过对比试验、精密度试验和回收率试验,验证了复混肥总养分快速测定方法准确可靠。     

Occurrence,types, properties and interactions of phenolic compounds with other food constituents in oil-bearing plants

ABSTRACT

Phenolic phytochemicals have become of interest due to their therapeutic potential, particularly with regards to their anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic properties. An evolving area of research involving phenolics in foods and their products pertains to the functional, biological, and nutritional consequences resulting from the binding between certain phenolic compounds and the macronutrient and micronutrient constituents of foods. The goal of this review is to provide a summary of studies investigating endogenous phenolic interactions with major components in food systems, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, minerals and vitamins, with a focus on the phenolic compounds and nutrients in oil-bearing plants. Another major objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of the chemical nature of phenolic interactions with food constituents that could affect the quality, nutritional and functional properties of foods. Such information can assist in the discovery and optimization of specific phenolic complexes in plant-based foods that could be utilized towards various applications in the food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.     

近三年经批准生产的营养素补充剂的统计分析

阐述了关于营养素补充剂的一些基本理论,就近3年来国家食品药品监督管理局及中华人们共和国卫生部批准生产的营养素补充剂包括维生素类营养素补充剂、矿物质类营养素补充剂及复合型营养素补充剂的剂型、补充维生素或矿物质的种类、营养素补充剂的原料来源及适宜人群等做出综合性的统计分析,并就营养素补充剂的发展前景提出展望。     

两种粉碎机型式对鹰嘴豆芽超微粉食用品质的影响

目的 探讨粉碎机型式对鹰嘴豆芽超微粉食用品质的影响。方法 利用碾轧式超微粉碎机和行星式球磨仪对鹰嘴豆芽进行超微粉碎,检测鹰嘴豆芽超微粉的营养成分含量以及物理性质,探究功能成分及抗氧化活性的变化。结果 处理后的两种粉体平均粒径减至常规粉体的10.19%、8.53%;与碾轧式超微粉相比,行星式球磨粉的持水力、水溶性和溶胀力分别是其1.49、1.50和1.43倍,休止角、滑角显著增加（p＜0.05）,L值升高和a、b值降低更明显（p＜0.05）;行星式球磨粉获得多于碾轧式超微粉10.30%、15.61%的酚类物质。碾轧式超微粉营养成分含量较多（脂肪6.17%、还原糖3.82%）,具有较强的抗氧化活性。结论 两种粉碎机对鹰嘴豆芽粉具有不同的影响,行星式球磨仪促进酚类物质含量上升更显著（p＜0.05）,碾轧式超微粉碎机更好地保留粉体流动性和营养功能性。     

Nanoscale Nutrient Delivery Systems for Food Applications: Improving Bioactive Dispersibility,Stability, and Bioavailability

There has been a surge of interest in the development of nanoscale systems for the encapsulation, protection, and delivery of lipophilic nutrients, vitamins, and nutraceuticals. This review article highlights the challenges associated with incorporating these lipophilic bioactive components into foods, and then discusses potential nanoscale delivery systems that can be used to overcome these challenges. In particular, the desirable characteristics required for any nanoscale delivery system are presented, as well as methods of fabricating them and of characterizing them. An overview of different delivery systems is given, such as microemulsions, nanoemulsions, emulsions, microgels, and biopolymer nanoparticles, and their potential applications are discussed. Nanoscale delivery systems have considerable potential within the food industry, but they must be carefully formulated to ensure that they are safe, economically viable, and effective.     

梨花营养成分及特性分析

目的分析评价梨花的营养成分。方法按照食品安全国家标准中测定营养成分的规定,测定梨花中的蛋白质、碳水化合物、矿物质、维生素等营养成分;利用乙醇回流提取, NaNO_2-Al(NO_3)_3-NaOH显色法测定总黄酮含量;利用石油醚回流提取, Liebennann-Burchard显色法测定总甾体含量。结果梨花含有丰富的蛋白质、碳水化合物、矿物质、维生素等营养成分。尤其是矿物质K(151.97 mg/100 g)、VC(3.117 mg/100 g)、赖氨酸(130.45 mg/100 g)以及黄铜(1.055 g/100 g)和甾体类化合物(0.041 g/100 g)等生物活性物质含量较多。结论梨花是富含营养物质的理想天然保健食品。     

膳食纤维生理功能及其对常量营养素吸收影响

膳食纤维对人体健康具有特殊生理功能,尤其是对慢性疾病预防作用;膳食纤维本身不能直接被机体所吸收利用,但对胃肠道功能及多种营养素吸收都有一定影响,常量营养素包括碳水化合物、蛋白质及脂类;膳食纤维对于蛋白质消化吸收影响不大,但可减少脂类和碳水化合物吸收及利用。