基于动态符号执行的C代码缓冲区溢出检测

缓冲区溢出是C程序中众多安全隐患的根源之一,以C程序代码为目标对象,提出了一个基于底层虚拟机中间代码的缓冲区溢出检测工具PathChecker.该工具基于动态符号执行方法,使用无量词谓词公式刻画缓冲区操作的安全性质,并利用可满足模型理论求解器技术检验缓冲区操作的安全性.实验结果表明,该工具能有效检测C代码中的缓冲区溢出漏洞,且易于推广至其他高级程序语言代码和其他类型安全漏洞的检测.     

沥青混凝土心墙土石坝水力劈裂计算分析

分析了土石坝水力劈裂原理,针对新疆吐鲁番二塘沟沥青混凝土心墙土石坝,选取河床部位最大断面为典型断面,采用有限元法对其进行水力劈裂计算分析,得出:该土石坝心墙任一高程处的中主应力都小于竖向应力,且中主应力和竖向应力都大于水压力。因此,该坝的心墙不会发生水力劈裂。     

基于SWMM的铁心桥实验基地内涝防治效果模拟

基于南京水科院铁心桥实验基地的地形、下垫面条件等数据构建了SWMM,模拟了实验基地象目湖观景平台和水上餐厅两个监测点在不同降雨重现期、低影响开发措施、溢流孔设置和水泵强排条件下受淹情况。结果表明,初始水位较低(25.1 m)时,象目湖遭遇500年一遇的降雨事件时水位并未抬升至水上餐厅。初始水位较高(25.6 m)时,200年一遇和500年一遇的降雨事件中水上餐厅受淹持续时间分别为7 h和11 h。采用集水池、雨水花园和生物滞留池3种LID措施对象目湖水位峰值影响模拟结果显示,在5年或10年一遇的降雨事件中雨水花园和集水池可以分别降低象目湖峰值水位0.06 m和0.02 m,生物滞留池没有削减峰值水位。在降雨量为218.5 mm的20160707次降雨事件中LID措施削减象目湖水位效果不明显。水泵抽排流量越大,象目湖水位越早回落到观景平台以下。LID在应对造成城市内涝的低频次、短历时强降雨方面作用有限,铁心桥实验基地象目湖内涝防治应以加强水文气象预测和水位管理、加大溢流孔尺寸和采用水泵强排等措施为主。     

Sediment storage and shallow groundwater response to beaver dam analogues in the Colorado Front Range,USA

Enthusiasm for using beaver dam analogues (BDAs) to restore incised channels and riparian corridors has been increasing. BDAs are expected to create a similar channel response to natural beaver dams by causing channel bed aggradation and overbank flow, which subsequently raise water tables and support vegetation growth. However, lack of funding for monitoring projects post‐restoration has limited research on whether BDAs actually cause expected channel change in the Front Range and elsewhere. Geomorphic and hydrologic response to BDAs was monitored in two watersheds 1 year post‐restoration. BDAs were studied at Fish Creek, a steep mountainous catchment, and Campbell Creek, a lower gradient piedmont catchment from May to October 2018. At each restoration site, the upstream‐ and downstream‐most BDAs were chosen for intensive study in comparison with unrestored reference reaches. Monitoring focused on quantifying sediment volumes in BDA ponds and recording changes to stream stage and riparian groundwater. Despite differences in physical basin characteristics, BDA pools at both sites stored similar volumes of sediment and stored more sediment than reference pools. Sediment storage is positively correlated to BDA height and pool surface area. However, BDAs did not have a significant influence on shallow groundwater. The lack of groundwater response proximal to BDAs could indicate that local watershed factors have a stronger influence on groundwater response than restoration design 1 year post‐restoration. Systematic, long‐term studies of channel and floodplain response to BDAs are needed to better understand how BDAs will influence geomorphology and hydrology.     

基于应力-渗流-损伤耦合模型的重力坝三维水力劈裂数值模拟

裂缝的高压水力劈裂是混凝土高坝安全评估的重要部分。目前,重力坝水力劈裂的数值模拟绝大多数是二维的,对于坝体上游面经常出现的竖直裂缝的三维水力劈裂的数值研究几乎为零。本文提出一种应力-渗流-损伤耦合模型,用于混凝土重力坝三维水力劈裂的模拟。采用该耦合模型,模拟了一个内置裂缝的圆柱体试件的水力劈裂,数值结果与试验结果吻合很好,验证了所提耦合模型的合理性。在此基础上,采用该耦合模型,进行了国内某混凝土重力坝三维水力劈裂的模拟,数值模拟得到的损伤区域与设计院根据安全监测实测结果得到的范围基本吻合。研究结果表明:本文耦合模型可以方便、有效地进行重力坝三维水力劈裂的模拟,评估表面裂缝的危险程度。     

重力不同引起的载人月球车操纵差异分析

为分析月球与地球重力差异对驾驶员所带来的操纵影响,推导了载人月球车操纵动力学方程.基于径向基神经网络和间接逆模型的训练方法,建立以行驶轨迹为输入、驾驶员操纵转角为输出的载人月球车操纵动力学逆系统.采用两种不同类型的间接对比形式,包括地球重力条件下重复月面行驶的轨迹路线和月球重力条件下重复地面行驶的轨迹路线.将正弦函数和斜坡阶越函数作为驾驶员操纵输入,获得月球或地球重力条件下的行驶轨迹,并利用逆系统求解得到不同重力条件下行驶相同轨迹时驾驶员的操纵转角.结果表明,驾驶员在月球重力条件下需要做出更大的操纵转向角度、更快的操纵转向速度、更高的操纵转向变换频率,并且在月球重力条件下更不容易重复地球重力条件下的相同行驶轨迹.这说明载人月球车在月球重力条件下的操纵性能较差.     

江垭水电站碾压混凝土重力坝的温度应力分析

为研究温度荷载对江垭水电站碾压混凝土重力坝的影响,以其非溢流坝段为研究对象,建立有限元模型,根据江垭水电站的水温、气温、坝体温度、地基温度等监测资料,计算分析了大坝运行期的温度场,研究了大坝在温度场影响下的应力变化规律.研究结果表明:温度荷载对大坝运行有较大影响,但是大坝仍满足规范设计要求;夏季持续高温时,应避免大坝在高水位下运行;冬季持续低温时,应避免大坝在低水位下运行.     

小湾拱坝应力监测资料分析

小湾水电站以发电为主,兼顾防洪、灌溉和库区水运等.坝址处河谷基本对称,河谷深切呈"V"字型.为深入研究小湾拱坝坝体的动、静工作性态,对小湾拱坝坝体进行应力监测;根据应力监测资料进行徐变应力计算,得到实际应力,然后利用作图、特征值统计等定性时空分析方法推断出大坝应力无明显异常;通过分析统计结果以及压应力变量分离模型得到了应力的统计模型.     

Methodology for estimating probability of dynamical system’s failure for concrete gravity dam简

Methodology for the reliability analysis of hydraulic gravity dam is the key technology in current hydropower construction.Reliability analysis for the dynamical dam safety should be divided into two phases：failure mode identification and the calculation of the failure probability.Both of them are studied based on the mathematical statistics and structure reliability theory considering two kinds of uncertainty characters（earthquake variability and material randomness）.Firstly,failure mode identification method is established based on the dynamical limit state system and verified through example of Koyna Dam so that the statistical law of progressive failure process in dam body are revealed; Secondly,for the calculation of the failure probability,mathematical model and formula are established according to the characteristics of gravity dam,which include three levels,that is element failure,path failure and system failure.A case study is presented to show the practical application of theoretical method and results of these methods.     

重力式芯片处理机监控系统设计

重力式芯片处理机是依靠重力作用进行芯片分类收纳的设备,广泛应用于芯片生产线末端分类筛选工作。为了解决原系统设置参数不灵活、不能查询历史报警、无权限操作设置、卡机率(JAM率)高和运行速度慢等问题,采用PLC和触摸式人机控制系统,优化了系统结构,实现了多功能人机交互、动态数据库管理、实时报警查询和账户安全管理的功能,使芯片处理速度达到3 500n/h,JAM率低于0.5‰,设计达到工艺指标要求。