低卡伯值麦草浆无氯漂白的研究

采用麦草硫酸盐法(KP法)一级蒸煮深度脱木素技术,制取低卡伯值麦草浆,并对其进行两种不同方式的无氯漂白。结果表明:AQ(PN)P流程可将浆料漂至白度86.2%(SBD),粘度为938mL/g。QZEYP流程能漂至86.9%(SBD),粘度为851mL/g。无氯漂白的粘度和白度稳定性均优于CEH三段漂。预处理对保护浆料有着重要作用。在过氧化氢漂白中,高温高压是脱木素和提高白度的必要条件。臭氧漂白是一种重要又经济的无氯漂白方法。     

饮用水中卤乙酸的氧化分解研究

本文考察了O3、UV、O3／UV、O3／H2O2、H2O2／UV及O3／H2O2／UV等各种氧化技术对水中卤乙酸的氧化去除情况，发现作为高级氧化技术的O3／UV、O3／H2O2：、H2O2／UV及O3／H2O2／UV均对卤乙酸有明显的去除效果，其中O3/UV和O3／H2O2／UV的氧化速率高于其他高级氧化工艺。二氯乙酸（DCAA）的分解速率明显高于三氯乙酸（TCAA）。对O3／UV进行的动力学研究，发现反应服从准一级反应动力学模式，在相同的初始溶解臭氧浓度下，DCAA的南，值为TCAA的4～5倍。     

臭氧联合氧化技术在污水处理方面的新进展

介绍了近年来国内外采用臭氧以及臭氧联合氧化技术在污水处理研究方面的新进展.在低剂量和短时间内臭氧难以完全矿化有机物,且分解生成的中间产物会阻止臭氧的进一步氧化.但以其他方法与臭氧联用,可大大促进臭氧分解,提高有机物的去除率.因此臭氧与过氧化氢、紫外线、超声波、光催化以及生物技术等多种手段联用于水处理已经成为目前研究的热点,并取得了显著的进步.     

In vivo toxicity assessment of aflatoxin B1-contaminated corn after ozone degradation

Corn is an important food and feedstuff in China and worldwide. The problems caused by aflatoxin B₁-contaminated corn (ACC) are of great concern. Our previous studies have demonstrated that ozone can effectively degrade AFB₁ in corn, prompting us to investigate the in vivo toxicity of treated ACC. In this study, 35 Kunming mice were used to assess the in vivo toxicity of ozone treated ACC. Results indicated that compared to mice fed with basal feedstuff (provided by the Shanghai SLAC Laboratory), those fed with ACC have significantly decreased mean weight as well as total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), and globulin (GLB) contents (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the liver and kidney/body weight ratio as well as the serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels significantly increased (p < 0.05). Obvious histopathological changes were found in the liver and kidney. When mice were fed with the ozone-treated ACC, no significant differences were observed in the mean weight, the liver and kidney/body weight ratio and in the major serum indexes ALT, TP, ALB, and GLB (p > 0.05). However, AST and ALP significantly increased (p < 0.05), and slight histopathological changes were found in liver tissues. This study indicated that ACC may lead to significant changes in various physiological characteristics and biochemical indexes in liver and kidney tissues, but ozone treatment of ACC could significantly reduce these changes.     

微波强化臭氧氧化降解苯酚水溶液

The degradation of phenol in aqueous solution with the combination of microwave and ozone（MW/O₃）was studied with laboratory-scale experiments.Effects of ozone dose,pH value,initial phenol concentration and reaction temperature on the reaction kinetics were investigated.In all cases,the degradation of phenol follows a pseudo-first-order kinetics relation.MW/O₃ combined technology is favorable for enhancing the removal efficiency of phenol,with the enhancement factor of the first-order kinetics constant being around 3.6.Experimental results showed that the synergetic effect of MW/O3 combined technology was obvious and up to 99 % of phenol was removed after 30 min reaction with initial phenol concentration of 100 mg·L^-1,ozone dose of 1.1 mg·min^-1,pH value of 9—11,and reaction temperature of 25℃.     

Catalytically upgraded landfill gas as a cost-effective alternative for fuel cells

The potential use of landfill gas as feeding fuel for the so-called molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC) imposes the need for new upgrading technologies in order to meet the much tougher feed gas specifications of this type of fuel cells in comparison to gas engines. Nevertheless, MCFC has slightly lower purity demands than low temperature fuel cells. This paper outlines the idea of a new catalytic purification process for landfill gas conditioning, which may be supposed to be more competitive than state-of-the-art technologies and summarises some lab-scale results. This catalytic process transforms harmful landfill gas minor compounds into products that can be easily removed from the gas stream by a subsequent adsorption step. The optimal process temperature was found to be in the range 250-400 °C. After a catalyst screening, two materials were identified, which have the ability to remove all harmful minor compounds from landfill gas. The first material was a commercial alumina that showed a high activity towards the removal of organic silicon compounds. The alumina protects both a subsequent catalyst for the removal of other organic minor compounds and the fuel cell. Due to gradual deactivation caused by silica deposition, the activated alumina needs to be periodically replaced. The second material was a commercial V₂O₅/TiO₂-based catalyst that exhibited a high activity for the total oxidation of a broad spectrum of other harmful organic minor compounds into a simpler compound class “acid gases (HCl, HF and SO₂)”, which can be easily removed by absorption with, e.g. alkalised alumina. The encouraging results obtained allow the scale-up of this LFG conditioning process to test it under real LFG conditions.     

适温臭氧处理对番茄贮藏品质的影响

以优质番茄为试材,研究不同温度和臭氧处理对番茄贮藏品质的影响。结果表明：番茄在(12.0±1.0)℃条件下贮藏,每隔3d采用200mg/m3的O3处理0.5h,能有效保存果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和VC含量,减缓果实相对电导率上升速率,降低果实呼吸强度和腐烂率,较好地保持果实硬度。适宜的温度结合臭氧处理对番茄有良好的保鲜效果。     

Low Ozone Concentrations Differentially Affect the Structural and Functional Features of Non-Activated and Activated Fibroblasts In Vitro

Oxygen–ozone (O₂–O₃) therapy is increasingly applied as a complementary/adjuvant treatment for several diseases; however, the biological mechanisms accounting for the efficacy of low O₃ concentrations need further investigations to understand the possibly multiple effects on the different cell types. In this work, we focused our attention on fibroblasts as ubiquitous connective cells playing roles in the body architecture, in the homeostasis of tissue-resident cells, and in many physiological and pathological processes. Using an established human fibroblast cell line as an in vitro model, we adopted a multimodal approach to explore a panel of cell structural and functional features, combining light and electron microscopy, Western blot analysis, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and multiplex assays for cytokines. The administration of O₂–O₃ gas mixtures induced multiple effects on fibroblasts, depending on their activation state: in non-activated fibroblasts, O₃ stimulated proliferation, formation of cell surface protrusions, antioxidant response, and IL-6 and TGF-β1 secretion, while in LPS-activated fibroblasts, O₃ stimulated only antioxidant response and cytokines secretion. Therefore, the low O₃ concentrations used in this study induced activation-like responses in non-activated fibroblasts, whereas in already activated fibroblasts, the cell protective capability was potentiated.     

室温工作双敏感膜HSGFET型O3传感器的研究

本文研究室温下工作,具有双敏感膜,检测ppb范围内O₃浓度的复合悬浮栅FET(Hybrid Suspended Gate Field Effect Transistor即HSGFET)型臭氧传感器.文中给出了四种固态HSGFET型臭氧传感器的实验结果,发现具有 结构的传感器对O₃有很好的响应特性;实验结果与由开尔芬(Kelvin)探针得到的结果进行了比较.     

差分吸收激光雷达测量对流层臭氧

利用激光雷达对对流层2～4km高度范围的臭氧分布进行了测量.测量结果表明,利用YAG激光器产生的两个波长(266nm和289nm),可以得到比较精确的臭氧分布.