膜电极产生臭氧的工作时间特性

采用Nafion膜作为电解质、b-PbO2颗粒作为阳极、碳载铂作为阴极,制备了固体聚合物电解质复合膜电极. 利用SEM和XRD研究发现,膜电极运行220 h后,阳极PbO2中约有6%左右的α-PbO2,阳极催化层颗粒之间变得疏松,PbO2颗粒的表面也出现了大量重结晶的纳米尺寸的PbO2颗粒,膜电极出现电流效率下降和槽压上升的趋势. 阳极PbO2重结晶导致的催化层结构和形貌改变是这种趋势出现的主要原因;晶体中的Pb2+被氧化为Pb4+所致的晶体原有结构的破坏可能是膜电极性能下降的原因之一. 膜电极在运行到180 h后,槽压和电流效率趋于稳定,这可能是由于阳极催化层的结构已趋于稳定.     

水分子簇微观结构影响因素的研究

自然界水是以聚合态(水分子簇)存在。当前在国际上对水分子簇的研究是一个热点,而且很活跃。北京爱迪曼生物技术研究所和国内一些单位,近年来联合对水分子簇的影响因素和水分子簇的生物水利用率和生理功效等方面进行了研究。论文主要探讨矿物盐、臭氧和CODMn对水分子簇的影响。     

From Pathogenesis to Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis: Bench-to-Bedside

Osteoarthritis (OA) is currently the most widespread musculoskeletal condition and primarily affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips. Importantly, knee OA remains a multifactorial whole-joint disease, the appearance and progression of which involves the alteration of articular cartilage as well as the synovium, subchondral bone, ligaments, and muscles through intricate pathomechanisms. Whereas it was initially depicted as a predominantly aging-related and mechanically driven condition given its clear association with old age, high body mass index (BMI), and joint malalignment, more recent research identified and described a plethora of further factors contributing to knee OA pathogenesis. However, the pathogenic intricacies between the molecular pathways involved in OA prompted the study of certain drugs for more than one therapeutic target (amelioration of cartilage and bone changes, and synovial inflammation). Most clinical studies regarding knee OA focus mainly on improvement in pain and joint function and thus do not provide sufficient evidence on the possible disease-modifying properties of the tested drugs. Currently, there is an unmet need for further research regarding OA pathogenesis as well as the introduction and exhaustive testing of potential disease-modifying pharmacotherapies in order to structure an effective treatment plan for these patients.     

基于紫外⁃臭氧辐照的挤塑聚苯乙烯表面改性研究

采用紫外?臭氧（UVO）辐照方式对挤塑聚苯乙烯保温板（XPSF）进行了表面改性，通过X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、接触角测量仪（CA）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对改性前后XPSF表面化学结构、润湿性能及表面形貌的变化规律进行了表征和测试。结果表明，随着UVO辐照时间的延长，XPSF表面含氧官能团数量逐渐增加，尤其在15 min时，XPSF表面的O/C值（O和C原子含量比值）由0.04增加至0.59；经UVO辐照30 min后，XPSF表面与水的接触角从未经处理的101.7°降至37.1°；UVO辐照前后XPSF表面形貌差异很小；随着放置时间的延长，XPSF表面氧含量逐渐降低，表面形成的含氧官能团消失，疏水性产生一定恢复；放置7 d时XPSF表面仍为氧化状态，接触角表现为亲水性；放置14 d时XPSF表面化学性质和润湿性已恢复至原始状态，但XPSF表面形貌并不会随放置时间的变化而改变。     

Experimental study on the ozone absorption accompanied by instantaneous chemical reaction

This work deals with gas absorption accompanied by chemical reaction in a liquid phase. Ozone absorption in potassium indigotrisulfonate solution was investigated in a batch bubble column. Enhancement factor for absorption accompanied by instantaneous chemical reaction in the liquid phase was experimentally determined, as a ratio of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient for the absorption accompanied by reaction to that for pure physical absorption. The influence of (a) the initial concentration of the solute from liquid phase and (b) the ozone concentration in gas phase on the enhancement factor were experimentally examined. The absorption accompanied by instantaneous chemical reaction is a diffusion-controlled process, whose rate depends upon the diffusivities of the absorbing gas and the solute in liquid phase. The influence of these diffusivities was found to be more significant for lower values of the enhancement factor. The rate of ozone absorption was followed by the time change of the solution color, using new method based on the computer program SigmaScan Pro 5 (Systat Software, Inc., San Jose, CA, USA). This investigation is a contribution to the prediction of the ozone consumption in wastewater treatment, in cases when ozone instantaneously reacts with substances present in water.     

超重力臭氧氧化处理含硫污水工艺参数研究

针对气田开发过程中会产生大量含硫污水,且采用传统絮凝沉淀法处理此类污水存在处理周期长、污泥产量大的缺点,首次提出将超重力技术应用于处理含硫污水。设计并搭建了一套超重力臭氧氧化处理S2-的实验装置,探究超重力因子、含硫污水pH值、臭氧浓度、液相进口压力、溶液温度等工艺参数对超重力臭氧氧化处理含硫污水的处理效果的影响。确定在实验工况下的最优工艺参数为:超重力因子为145.02,pH值为9.0,臭氧浓度为30mg/L,液相进口压力为0.15MPa,温度为50℃。在最优工艺参数下,能够获得很好的污水处理效果,可实现99.2%的脱硫率,污水残留S2-浓度仅为0.64mg/L。     

Evaluation of trans-ferulic acid degradation by dielectric barrier discharge plasma combined with ozone in wastewater with different water quality conditions

In this study, dielectric barrier discharge plasma and ozone(O_3) were combined to synergistically degrade trans-ferulic acid(FA), and the effect of water quality on FA degradation was studied. The results showed that 96.9% of FA was degraded after 40 min treatment by the plasma/O_3 process. FA degradation efficiency increased with the p H values. The presence of suspended solid and humic acid inhibited FA degradation. FA degradation efficiency increased as the water temperature increased to 30 °C. However, the further increase in water temperature was adverse for FA degradation. Effects of common inorganic ions on FA degradation were also investigated. The addition of Cl~- inhibited the FA degradation, whileCO_3~(2-) had both negative and positive influences on FA degradation.NO_3~- andSO_4~(2-) did not have significant effect on FA degradation. Fe~(3+)and Cu~(2+)benefited FA degradation through the Fenton-like and catalytic ozonation reactions.     

福建省某工业园区污水处理厂的工程设计

结合福建省某工业园区的工程概况和入驻企业的特点,园区污水处理厂工程采用预处理+水解酸化+多级AO+高效沉淀池+臭氧BAF处理工艺,并详细介绍了设计进出水水质、工艺流程、工程设计等。工程投运后,出水水质满足环评要求,社会效益和环境效益显著。