硫化物矿床氧化带砷酸盐矿物的地质找矿意义

砷酸盐矿物是主要产出于硫化物矿床氧化带中的次生矿物,在自然界中已发现２５０ 多种,我国目前仅发现该类矿物３８ 种。砷酸盐矿物的生成与原生矿石的矿物成分及其数量、气候条件和介质条件等因素密切相关。毒砂及含砷矿物和黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿等硫化物的大量存在是形成砷酸盐矿物的物质基础。该类矿物一般多形成于温湿多雨的热带－ 亚热带气候区域和矿床围岩为碳酸盐岩的弱酸性－ 中性的介质环境中。砷酸盐矿物常是硫化物矿床氧化带发育至末期阶段的重要产物之一,对判断原生矿床的氧化程度和剥蚀深度有一定的指示意义;根据砷酸盐矿物的组合类型可较快速地确定原生矿床（ 体） 的工业类型和找矿方向。根据砷酸盐矿物的形成条件,砷酸盐矿物大量发育的铁帽氧化带一般可作为寻找（ 夕卡岩型） 铜锡多金属硫化物矿床的重要标志。     

招掖地区郭家岭花岗岩控矿的几点证据及找矿指示意义

尽管胶西北郭家岭花岗闪长岩与金矿化存在着密切的时空关系,但不同学者对二者间的物质联系尚存在歧义.文中汇集了招掖地区近年来部分找矿勘查成果,结合笔者工作认识,对郭家岭花岗闪长岩的控矿作用给予了客观评述.提出了焦家-玲珑式金矿床受郭家岭花岗闪长岩体接触带形态和断裂构造蚀变带联合控制的论断.在此基础上,对本区以往找矿工作思路进行了反思,给出了本区深部及外围找矿的新思路.     

APOB CRISPR-Cas9 Engineering in Hypobetalipoproteinemia: A Promising Tool for Functional Studies of Novel Variants

Hypobetalipoproteinemia is characterized by LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (apoB) plasma levels below the fifth percentile for age and sex. Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) is mostly caused by premature termination codons in the APOB gene, a condition associated with fatty liver and steatohepatitis. Nevertheless, many families with a FHBL phenotype carry APOB missense variants of uncertain significance (VUS). We here aimed to develop a proof-of-principle experiment to assess the pathogenicity of VUS using the genome editing of human liver cells. We identified a novel heterozygous APOB-VUS (p.Leu351Arg), in a FHBL family. We generated APOB knock-out (KO) and APOB-p.Leu351Arg knock-in Huh7 cells using CRISPR-Cas9 technology and studied the APOB expression, synthesis and secretion by digital droplet PCR and ELISA quantification. The APOB expression was decreased by 70% in the heterozygous APOB-KO cells and almost abolished in the homozygous-KO cells, with a consistent decrease in apoB production and secretion. The APOB-p.Leu351Arg homozygous cells presented with a 40% decreased APOB expression and undetectable apoB levels in cellular extracts and supernatant. Thus, the p.Leu351Arg affected the apoB secretion, which led us to classify this new variant as likely pathogenic and to set up a hepatic follow-up in this family. Therefore, the functional assessment of APOB-missense variants, using gene-editing technologies, will lead to improvements in the molecular diagnosis of FHBL and the personalized follow-up of these patients.     

台湾南部泥火山与伴生气地质地球化学特征及其油气地质意义

台湾省南部泥火山异常发育,泥火山伴生气地质地球化学特征具有明显的沉积型壳源成因特点,并非火山幔源活动成因。这些泥火山活动所伴生的天然气组成大多数均以甲烷为主,乙烷及其重烃含量甚低。泥火山伴生气甲烷碳同位素值为-31.7‰～-35.9‰,二氧化碳碳同位素值为-10.0‰～-15.2‰。稀有气体氦、氩同位素值偏低。其中,3 He/4 He(Ra)即R/Ra值分布在0.21～1.34之间,40 Ar/36 Ar值则在304.6～330.0之间。上述地球化学特征表明,这些泥火山伴生气主要属热解有机成因的成熟烃类气,且主要是较年轻的新近纪巨厚海相沉积烃源岩的贡献。深入分析泥火山地质特征及伴生气地球化学特点,能为建立这种特殊的天然气成因成藏机制提供重要地质依据与基础研究资料,因此,具有十分重要的油气地质意义。     

发动机油的表观粘度

发动机油的表观粘度反映了发动机油的使用特性.简要介绍了发动机油表观粘度的意义和测定方法.     

准噶尔盆地环玛湖凹陷二叠系砂砾岩储层沸石类胶结物的形成及石油地质意义

准噶尔盆地环玛湖凹陷二叠系砂砾岩储层中广泛发育沸石类胶结物。X射线衍射、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、包裹体测温和能谱分析等分析结果表明,研究区沸石类胶结物中浊沸石最为发育,其次为片沸石,方沸石含量较低,其形成条件为富含Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺的弱碱性还原环境。研究区沸石矿物的晶型较为完整,罕见方沸石与片沸石、浊沸石共生,也没有发生方沸石向片沸石和浊沸石转化的现象,表明沸石矿物是在成岩阶段从孔隙水中自形结晶形成;方沸石形成于早成岩阶段A期,其形成温度较低,为60~70℃,片沸石和浊沸石形成于早成岩阶段B期,片沸石形成温度为90~100℃,浊沸石形成温度为100~110℃。岩石学及矿物学特征表明,研究区沸石类胶结物更易发育于杂基含量较低、分选和磨圆度较好、原生孔隙发育、孔隙水易于流动的扇三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂砾岩中。早期形成的方沸石易发生溶蚀但其含量较低,片沸石和浊沸石形成时间较晚,更接近油气充注时期,且稳定性较高,一般很难发生强烈溶蚀,因此研究区沸石的溶蚀作用对储层的储集性能改善不大。研究区压实作用强烈,适度含量的沸石类胶结物可有效抵御砂砾岩储层的压实作用,保留良好的剩余粒间孔及连通的孔隙喉道,为后期酸性流体的进入提供必要的空间基础,有利于溶蚀作用;大量沸石胶结会破坏砂砾岩原有的储集空间,堵塞孔隙喉道,阻碍后期酸性流体的进入,使储层孔隙度和渗透率大幅度降低,因而不利于储层的改善。     

中国早白垩世中、晚期被子植物花粉的特征及其意义

在系统研究中国早白垩世中、晚期被子植物花粉产出时代分布特点的基础上,重点总结了中国早白垩世中、晚期的被子植物花粉具有地区分布广、东西部差别大;化石时代分布完整的剖面少;属种类型与化石数量由少增多,递增迅速;个体小、萌发器官多样,三沟粉占主要位置;经历了两个演化阶段;南北分区明显等规律。中国陆相白垩系极其发育,被子植物花粉产地点多面广,因此开展中国早期被子植物花粉的研究,对全球被子植物花粉起源与演化的研究提供地区性资料,具有十分重要理论价值;在生产实践中,利用早期被子植物花粉演化规律的研究成果,可以解决地层的细分和全球地层时代的精确对比,以及古植被古气候演变等信息,因此也具有实践上的重要意义。     

Light microscopy of Pakistani Berberis leaf cuticles and its taxonomic implications

Taxonomy of the genus Berberis is quite complex, due to overlapping morphological characters, making it very difficult to differentiate the species within the genus. In order to resolve this taxonomic complexity, the foliar anatomy of 10 Berberis L. species was carried out, for the first time from Pakistan, using light microscopy (LM). Significant variation in terms of epidermal cells shape, size, cell wall pattern, and stomata type was observed. B. baluchistanica has the largest epidermal cells, Adaxial: length = 45–(53.9 ± 3.6)–62.5 μm; and width = 22.5–(26.3 ± 1.3)–30 μm; Abaxial: length = 37.5–(43.25 ± 2.5)–50 μm; and width = 20–(22.6 ± 0.8)–25. The highest number of stomata was observed in B. glaucocarpa as 62 on the abaxial surface while the lowest number of stomata was recorded in B. baluchistanica as 8 on the adaxial surface. Of 10 investigated species, 6 possess anomocytic type stomata, while 2 species that is, B. aitchisonii and B. parkeriana have both anomocytic and anisocytic stomata while B. baluchistanica and B. calliobotrys have only paracytic type stomata. The highest number of cells per unit area was present on the adaxial surface of B. calliobotrys ranging from 245–(252.4)–260 followed by B. parkeriana with 209–(227.8)–250 on the abaxial surface. Stomatal index (SI) also varied considerably and was the lowest (2.6) percentage in B. baluchistanica and highest (31.9) percentage in B. kunawurensis. A taxonomic key based on micro‐morphological characters is provided for species identification.     

一种新的属性重要性度量及其规则获取

在分析规则知识条件和结论所在等价类包含关系基础上,提出了一个新的属性相对重要性的定义,并给出一种以决策类为基础的逐渐增加条件属性直接获取最简分类规则方法,同时用实例进行了验证。     

基于AD9650的高速大动态范围数据采集系统设计

在高杂波环境下工作的雷达系统要求大的瞬时动态范围,才能实现对弱目标信号的录取,迫切需要设计实现高动态范围的高速数据采集系统。研究了ADC芯片选型、时钟设计和前端电路设计对数据采集系统动态范围的影响,基于AD9650设计实现了一个16 b,65 MSPS的高速数据采集系统,用于实现对高杂波环境下雷达回波信号的采集。