铁的中子反应数据的计算

该工作利用现有的实验数据对天然铁~NFe(包括~(54)Fe,~(56)Fe和~(57)Fe)在中子入射能量为0.1-20 MeV范围内的中子反应数据进行了计算。采用的理论模型是光学模型、带宽度涨落修正的Hauser-Feshbach理论(WHF)以及包括预平衡发射的蒸发模型(YPH)。无论是天然元素还是同位素,理论计算结果和实验数据符合尚好。     

意大利和英国LNG贮槽滚翻事故的启示

对意大利和英国的两起LNG贮槽的滚翻事故进行分析和讨论，并提出了防止该类事故发生的措施。     

Mathematical Simulation of Evaporating Brine by Solar Radiation for the Production of Salt

A computer simulation model of salt pan is presented. The transient behavior and the effects of various parameters of the salt pans, such as the depth of the brine layer, the absorptance of the soil surface, the thermal properties of the soil beneath the brine layer and the depth of the underground water table, on the evaporation process of salt pans are discussed. The effects of extra insulation layer and the intensity of solar radiation are also examined.     

Research on Performance of ZnS∶TbF_3 Thin Film Electroluminescence Device

Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｌｕｍｉｎｅｓｃｅｎｃｅ (ＥＬ)ｄｅｖｉｃｅｓａｒｅａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅｆｏｒｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅｓｏｌｉｄｄｉｓｐｌａｙｓ .Ａｌａｒｇｅａｒｅａｄｉｓｐｌａｙｃａｎａｌｓｏｂｅｅａｓｉｌｙｒｅａｌｉｚｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｓｅｄｅｖｉｃｅｓ .Ｂｅ ｃａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｈｉｇｈｂｒｉｇｈｔｎｅｓｓａｎｄｌｏｎｇｌｉｆｅ ,ｍａｎｙｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｈａｖｅｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙｂｅｅｎｍａｄｅｏｆｔｈｉｎ ｆｉｌｍＥＬｄｅ ｖｉｃｅｓｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｉｎｇｏｆａＺｎＳ∶Ｔｂｌａｙｅｒｓａｎｄｗ…     

道尔顿公式的应用研究

对道尔顿线性公式中的风速函数系数取值范围及其对水面蒸发模拟效果的影响进行全面的对比试验,表明风速函数系数有较宽的适应区间,且在将其中的一个系数取为零的情况下,仍具有较好的模拟效果.结合近年来国内外水面蒸发研究成果,对道尔顿公式中的风速函数进行改进,提出以三段制的分段函数作为风速函数,不仅更符合风速对水面蒸发作用的物理本质,也使水面蒸发时空变化规律的拟合误差明显减小,模拟效果显著提高.     

Some experiments on flash evaporation enhancement by electrolytically generated bubbles

Experiments were conducted in a scaled-down stage of a multi-stage flash evaporator at about 100°C to examine the effects of electrolytically generated hydrogen bubbles on flash evaporation. The bubble generator was placed just downstream of the hydraulic jump, in the tranquil single-phase flow region. It was found that these hydrogen bubbles (<0.5 ppb in the solution) have indeed promoted ebullition in flash stage regions where the superheat was otherwise too low for flash evaporation, and have thus reduced the non-equilibrium temperature difference by up to 15%. The energy investment for such bubble generation is negligible.     

Study of thermal aspects in open and greenhouse ponds

In this study, thermal aspects, e.g. convective heat transfer coefficients were evaluated and modelled in open and greenhouse pond systems (natural convection). Values of the constants C and n were determined by linear regression analysis from the experimental data. It was observed that the ranges of the convective heat transfer coefficient were strongly dependent upon D/H (Diameter / Height) ratio of the container. It was also observed that the uninsulated container 5 (D/H=5.240) and the insulated container 1 (D/H=0.196) indicate minimum and maximum convective heat transfer coefficient in winter and summer months, respectively. Predicted and experimental values of convective heat transfer coefficients, verified in terms of root mean square of percent deviation, correlation coefficient and error bars (±SD), exhibit fair agreement. The model has been validated for the composite climate of New Delhi. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

依靠技术改造降低烧碱蒸汽消耗

介绍了隔膜法烧碱装置中蒸发系统的工艺、设备、技术等方面的改造内容及效果。     

Aspects of high-temperature pyrometry for measurements in ultrahigh vacuum

Containerless materials processing of liquid metals with the use of electromagnetic levitation requires contactless temperature measurement by pyrometry. For high temperatures and under high-vacuum conditions, the vapor pressure of the levitated metal drop increases, leading to evaporation losses of the sample material. This flux condenses on the cold parts of the experimental apparatus including the window in front of the pyrometer. As a result, the intensity of radiation reaching the pyrometer decreases, which is erroneously interpreted as a decrease in temperature. Several methods to protect the pyrometer against contamination have been proposed. In this paper, we report experimental tests of the concepts of shielding windows and mirror optics placed into the optical path between the sample and the pyrometer. Temperature measurements with a periscopic mirror system are also presented.Paper presented at the Second Workshop on Subsecond Thermophysics, September 20–21, 1990, Torino, Italy.     

Development of a chip-integrated micro cooling device

An experimental/computation investigation was carried out to develop a MEMS-based micro cooling device to provide direct cooling to high heat flux electronics and MEMS devices. This device uses the electrohydrodynamic principles to pump and form an ultra thin film over a heated surface that requires cooling. The important part is played by applying an electric field to a set of interdigitated inclined electrodes to pump and form a thin film and to remove heat by thin film evaporation process. The dimension of the active electrode area of the device was 32×32 mm². The electrodes were separated by a distance of 20 μm at the bottom and 60 μm at the top. The electrodes were connected to a single common electrode at the top and bottom. Static pumping pressure and heat transfer experiments were performed using 3M's HFE-7100 thermal fluid manufactured by the 3M Corporation. Due to the small gap between electrodes (20 μm) all experiments were performed inside a class 100 cleanroom. Cooling rates of 35 W/cm² were obtained at a superheat of 19 °C.