Study of Sound Environment Influenced by the Crowd in Waiting Areas in General Hospitals

In this study, the crowd has been investigated and analyzed in waiting areas in large general hospitals in China in order to find the rules the variations of sound environment with the change of crowd. The field investigation, questionnaire, field-testing and computer simulation have been adopted. The results show that: the social/demographic characteristics of staff and patients are not significantly related to the satisfaction evaluation of sound environment; there is a significant correlation between the population density and LAeq of the background noise in waiting areas; when population density is 0, the LAeq of background noise is not 0 in waiting areas; the loudspeaker should be set in the waiting areas. Loudspeaker arrangements should be integrated into the ceiling lamp or construct facilities along the depth direction of the layout, and the two adjacent speakers recommended distance should be controlled at about 4 m. If the population density is controlled in the reasonable range, and sound absorption, noise reduction processing and electronic queuing system are adopted, sound environment of waiting areas will be built with noise interference relatively small in different population densities.     

宁德山区旅游业发展对策研究

宁德山区有着丰富的旅游资源和垄断性的生态环境,发展旅游对于促进山区的经济发展有着重要的意义。本文在分析山区旅游发展现状和存在问题的基础上,提出一些发展对策,以期对各地山区旅游发展有一定借鉴意义。     

南通通州区城乡文化统筹发展的调查与思考

南通市通州区城乡文化的主要发展路径为“六大统筹”,即统筹城乡文化政策设计、统筹城乡文化投入支持、统筹城乡文化设施建设、统筹城乡文化产业发展、统筹城乡文化资源共享、统筹城乡文化队伍建设.尽管通州城乡文化发展成效明显,但是制约当前城乡文化统筹发展的主要问题还比较突出,主要表现在：城乡文化公共投入依然不平衡、城乡文化设施建设依然不平衡、城乡文化资源供给依然不平衡、城乡文化产业发展依然不平衡、城乡文化队伍能力建设依然不平衡.为此,下一步要不断健全政策保障、完善发展机制、创新培育方式、优化发展环境,从而进一步加快城乡文化一体化发展进程.     

江苏农村成人教育培训供需分析

我国的农村成人教育培训相对城市而言一直处于落后状态,在农村成人教育培训工作中,农民需求的广度和深度不够,教育供给的数量和质量不足,且存在错位现象、耦合度不高等问题。小农经济模式、农业产品的单一经营、教育资源供给不足、监管不力以及农民的低文化与旧观念等因素阻碍了农村成人教育培训发展。     

西部地区农村留守人口居住社区化研究——以关中地区农民意愿调查为例

随着农村青壮年劳动人口持续大规模地进城务工经商,农村普遍出现了空心村和空巢家庭,产生了留守人口问题.特别是与农户土地分散经营紧密相连的分散居住方式,既缺乏公共设施与公共服务,也浪费稀缺耕地资源,还不利于村民居住生活质量的提高,留守族困境难以化解.文中研究以欠发达地区农村留守家庭为背景,以集聚经济理论为指导,以入户问卷调查数据为依据,借鉴国内外相关理论,运用统计分析和规范分析相结合等方法,系统分析了影响农民居住意愿转变的主要因素与实施路径,继而得出了如下结论:加快区内农业产业化、土地资源优化和农民非农化步伐;实施政府规划和社区基础设施及公共服务设施投入先行;在尊重农民意愿的基础上,稳步推进农村新型社区建设,实现农民居住社区化和居住生活质量提高,有效化解留守族困境,全面建设社会主义新农村.     

板料形状、压料筋的设置对汽车覆盖件成形中起皱和未充分拉深的影响

在汽车覆盖件成形工艺中,无论是对外观还是对功能的要求,起皱和未充分拉深问题是不允许出现的,因此对起皱和未充分拉深问题的预测和防止显得非常重要的。采用数值模拟技术可以在模具设计初期预测产品的几何形状,从而优化工艺参数以便获得高质量的成品。文章以eta/DYNAFORM有限元分析软件为平台,采用弹-塑性有限元法对DDQS钢进行数值模拟,得出相应的FLD曲线、起皱和未充分拉深区域。重点探讨了板料形状和压料筋的设置对起皱和未充分拉深区域的影响,得出了较好的解决方案。     

A Comparison of learning gains when using a 2D simulation tool versus a 3D virtual world: An experiment to find the right representation involving the Marginal Value Theorem

The use of three-dimensional Virtual Worlds in the classroom offers the promise of engaging and authentic learning experiences. Given the effort and investment involved in the creation of these worlds, more studies are needed which measure the learning gains. In particular, greater understanding is needed concerning what aspects of the technology are beneficial for learning what sort of content and in what context. We conducted two experimental studies involving 129 biology students over a two-year period that sought to make a contribution towards this understanding. Our study compared the knowledge of students after a traditional classroom lecture about a biological theorem known as Marginal Value Theorem, with their knowledge after they were exposed to simulations of two-dimensional models developed in NetLogo and three-dimensional models developed in Unity3D. Perhaps due to cognitive overload and distractors in the virtual world, it appears that the two-dimensional NetLogo model delivered better learning outcomes.     

熵权物元可拓模型在河流黑臭评价中的应用

考虑河流致黑致臭成因的模糊性和不确定性,以及干旱地区河流黑臭成因的复杂性,应用熵权赋权法确定各个评价指标的权重,建立基于熵权的物元可拓模型进行干旱地区河流黑臭评价。以具有代表性的丹河晋城河段为研究对象,设置赵庄、东焦河水库出口、高平河西、任庄水库、白水河5个监测断面,对其丰水期、平水期、枯水期水质进行现场监测,选取BOD、COD、NH3-N、Mn、DO、CH、Fe、P为评价指标进行河流黑臭评价。评价结果表明:模型预测结果与实际情况吻合较好,预测精度较高。     

山洪灾害防治与水土保持相互联系探讨

为深入分析山洪灾害防治和水土保持之间的联系,在界定山洪灾害概念、分析我国山洪灾害基本特点、简述我国山洪灾害防治现状及取得的成绩、阐述水土流失和水土保持的基本概念后,从山洪灾害与水土流失的概念、影响对象、防治措施体系、措施受益对象等方面深入分析了山洪灾害防治与水土保持之间存在的相互联系。并从主管部门、水利部门内部的条块分割等方面,提出了目前山洪灾害防治与水土保持工作中存在的一些不足。指出山洪灾害防治和水土保持对于山丘区自然灾害防治、经济社会发展具有重要意义,今后工作应抓住国家发展机遇,统筹规划山洪灾害防治和水土保持的工作,切实促进山丘区经济社会发展。     

内蒙古牧区节水灌溉项目建设模式和运行管理机制研究

通过研究2001—2009年在内蒙古自治区实施的197项牧区节水灌溉项目的建设模式和运行管理情况得出：家庭灌溉饲草料地建设模式、集体开发建设模式和饲草料基地集约开发模式是适合于内蒙古牧区的三种比较成功的建设模式;根据工程产权归属确定的国有管理或灌溉服务组织、联户集体经营、用水合作社、公司和牧户联合经营、单户或企业承包经营等多元化的管理形式有利于工程后期的管理和运行,适合内蒙古牧区的生产现状;同时也存在着建设难度较大、建设管理成本相对较高、配套资金制约工程建设标准、运行管理机制不健全、牧区水利社会化服务体系不完善和重建轻管的问题。