生物有机无机复合肥对土壤性质的影响

进行了化肥、传统有机肥、生物有机肥、有机无机复合肥和生物有机无机复合肥的田间比较试验.试验结果表明(1)生物有机无机复合肥可以提高冬小麦产量, 比其它处理高 11.73%～105.80%,差异极显著.(2)生物有机无机复合肥可降低土壤pH值和土壤容重,提高土壤总孔隙度.(3)生物有机无机复合肥可显著提高土壤微生物活性.与不施肥处理比较,土壤细菌增加了165.38%,真菌增加了189.47%,放线菌增加了48.72%,总量增加了104.07%,其增加量高于其它处理.土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶活性也都有明显提高,促进了土壤有机质的分解转化和速效养分的释放.(4)生物有机无机复合肥可不同程度地提高土壤全量养分和速效养分,提高土壤肥力.     

混交林地土壤物理性质与微生物数量及酶活性的研究

研究了枫香×樟树、楠木×尖叶杜英、椆木×海南红豆、格木×海南红豆、火力楠×阴香、枫香×米老排×降香黄檀、樟树×马占相思混交林林地的土壤物理性质与微生物数量及酶活性.各林地的容重、毛管孔隙、非毛管孔隙、自然含水量、毛管持水量的不同引起其保水性和通气性的差异.细菌是土壤微生物总量的主要组成者.各混交林地的细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量差异大.各混交林地的脲酶、过氧化氢酶和纤维素分解酶活性有一定的差异.放线菌与容重呈显著正相关,而与总孔隙呈显著负相关.脲酶与自然含水量、毛管持水量、毛管孔隙呈显著或极显著正相关.     

微生物柴油的研究

微生物油脂主要是微生物利用碳水化合物合成的甘油酯，其脂肪酸组成和植物油相近，有的还含有较丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸，具有广阔的开发应用前景。介绍了从微生物油脂中分离纯化具有功能性的多不饱和脂肪酸的方法，继而阐述了以微生物油脂为原料，甲醇作酯交换剂，在催化剂的作用下制备生物柴油的方法和技术。同时对微生物柴油的可行性进行了分析。     

Heterotrophic microorganism Rhodotorula mucilaginosa R30 improves tannery sludge bioleaching through elevating dissolved CO2 and extracellular polymeric substances levels in bioleach solution as well as scavenging toxic DOM to Acidithiobacillus species

The introduction of acid-tolerant heterotrophic microorganisms into sludge bioleaching systems has been proven effective in improving sludge bioleaching processes, and such positive effect is mainly attributed to the biodegradation of low molecular weight organic acids or sludge dissolved organic matter (DOM) toxic to Acidithiobacillus species by the heterotrophic microorganisms introduced. Here we report that elevated dissolved CO₂ concentration and resulting extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in bioleach solution due to the incorporation of heterotrophic microorganisms also play important roles in improving sludge bioleaching. It was found that in tannery sludge bioleaching system coinoculated with Rhodotorula mucilaginosa R30 and Acidithiobacillus species, dissolved CO₂ concentration in bioleach solution can be elevated from 0.23-0.54 mg/L to 0.76-1.01 mg/L compared to the control inoculated only with Acidithiobacillus species. Correspondingly, the distinct degradation of sludge DOM was also observed in this experiment. It was experimentally demonstrated that the accumulation of CO₂ did greatly enhance the growth of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and the decrease rate of pH in the medium. In addition, EPS derived from R. mucilaginosa R30 could bind readily Fe³⁺ in bioleach solution with maximum binding capacity (MBC) of 0.82 mg Fe³⁺ by per mg DOC of EPS secreted and the oxidization activity of EPS-bound Fe³⁺ was decreased but not totally inhibited, indicating that the formation of soluble EPS-Fe(III) complexes enhances, to a certain extent, bioleaching efficiency due to maintaining Fe³⁺ level in solution by inhibiting Fe precipitation occurrence.     

浅谈武钢四烧循环冷却水的处理

针对武钢四烧的现有水质，结合工作实践，从清洗预膜、药剂选择和投加、控制微生物等方面，讨论了四烧循环冷却水的水质稳定处理。     

固定化微生物技术在废水处理中的应用

目前废水处理是环境治理的难题之一,采用固定化微生物进行治理具有一定的优势。本文主要介绍固定化微生物技术在印染废水、含氰废水、高浓度氨氮废水、石油化工废水处理中的应用。     

Adjunctive Application of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment: A Review of Literature

Periodontal disease is caused by dental plaque biofilms, and the removal of these biofilms from the root surface of teeth plays a central part in its treatment. The conventional treatment for periodontal disease fails to remove periodontal infection in a subset of cases, such as those with complicated root morphology. Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as an additional treatment for this infectious disease. Many periodontal pathogenic bacteria are susceptible to low-power lasers in the presence of dyes, such as methylene blue, toluidine blue O, malachite green, and indocyanine green. aPDT uses these light-activated photosensitizer that is incorporated selectively by bacteria and absorbs a low-power laser/light with an appropriate wavelength to induce singlet oxygen and free radicals, which are toxic to bacteria. While this technique has been evaluated by many clinical studies, some systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported controversial results about the benefits of aPDT for periodontal treatment. In the light of these previous reports, the aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information about aPDT and help extend knowledge of advanced laser therapy.     

微生物选矿剂研究进展

随着人们环保意识的提高,对于选矿绿色环保发展的呼声日益强烈,传统选矿药剂无论是从来源的有限性、对环境的污染性还是从浮选效率方面,都难以满足要求。而微生物选矿剂因来源广泛、无毒、选择性好等优点,近年来得到越来越多的重视,并期望将其工业化以替代或部分替代化学药剂。本文结合国内外相关研究结果,概述了微生物在矿物絮凝剂、矿物浮选剂及微生物的代谢产物作为选矿剂等方面的应用研究进展,并对微生物选矿剂的作用机理及其发展趋势进行了总结与展望。     

用核磁共振法研究微生物凝固天然橡胶硫化过程交联密度的变化

采用核磁共振交联密度仪,考察了微生物凝固天然橡胶在硫化过程交联密度(XLD),网链含量(AMc),自由小分子含量(AT2)以及相邻交联点间的质量(Mc)的动态变化规律。结果表明,硫化初期,XLD和AMc随硫化时间增加急剧增大,但t50后增速降低,并逐步趋于稳定。与AMc相反,自由悬挂链末端及活动性强的小分子等部分的含量(AT2)随着硫化时间的增加而降低,并逐步趋于稳定。橡胶交联点间的相对分子质量(Mc)与交联密度成反比。     

冬季活性炭层上微生物的硝化性能研究

为解析工艺运行过程中氨氧化能力和硝化能力变化的原因,研究了冬季活性炭层上微生物的硝化性能。结果表明,在冬季,当有机碳浓度不高、溶解氧充足时,活性炭层对氨氮的去除率达到34%,0.3、0.8、1.3、1.6 m处(自上而下)的炭层对氨氮的平均去除率分别为5.2%、8.3%、11.5%、8.8%。不同活性炭层上的生物量差别不是太大,均值为17.1×108个E.coli/g活性炭。亚硝化菌、硝化菌占细菌总数的比例较大,已成为优势种群。