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11.
An open‐cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OC‐OTEC) system is one of the energy conversion methods used to generate electricity from ocean thermal energy. For the OC‐OTEC system, steam evaporated from the surface seawater due to flash evaporation drives the turbine. At that time, dissolved gas such as air is introduced into the low‐pressure system (OC‐OTEC system) as the noncondensable gas, which degrades the performance of condensation heat transfer. In this paper, a small‐scale OC‐OTEC experimental unit experimentally investigates the effect of noncondensable gas on the heat transfer performance in a condenser. The experimental results are discussed in comparison with theoretical estimation by the Sparrow–in method. It is shown that the condensation is occupied by heat and mass transfer near a condensation surface and that the condensation efficiency is affected by exhaust quantity of noncondensable gas at a relatively high concentration ratio of condensable gas. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 154(1): 29–35, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20179 相似文献
12.
微机在应变测量中的应用,采用上位机和下位机组合方式.上位机为一台IBM-PC/XT微机,用于对数据进行后处理.下位机以Z80-CPU为控制器,由传感器、转换器、接口及外设等组成数据采集器,实施对应变、压力和位移等参数的采集、显示和打印(即数据的预处理).上位机和下位机之间的数据传输,采用串行的方式,通过RS-232接口完成.本文主要以应变的采集处理为例,介绍系统功能、硬件配置及软件设计. 相似文献
13.
Because of its high–temperature chemical stability, SiC ceramic is a promising material for high-temperature device applications such as thermoelectric energy converters. However, the electrical conductivity of SiC ceramic is too low for it to be used as a thermoelectric energy converter at the cold junction. Therefore, we propose a SiC-Si functionally gradient material (FGM) in order to improve the electrical conductivity of the SiC ceramic at the cold junction. An SiC rod was fired in a temperature gradient furnace. One end of the SiC rod was maintained at 2473 K and the other end was maintained at 1973 K for 30 min. After firing, the porous SiC edge fired at 1973 K was dipped into molten Si in order to infiltrate molten Si into the porous SiC. The microstructure of the FGM is classified into three regions: the SiC-Si composite material; the porous SiC ceramic; and the densified SiC ceramic. The electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient and the thermal conductivity for each region of SiC-Si FGM was measured at 300 K; a figure of merit was calculated. The figure of merit of the SiC-Si FGM at the cold junction, at room temperature, was 108 times higher than that of a nongradient SiC ceramic. 相似文献
14.
The objectives of this article is to propose a new drying model for the second falling rate period known as the variable diffusion controlled period that follows after the first falling rate period and to propose a new method to determine the second critical moisture content that separates these two periods. Experimental work on paddy drying at minimum fluidization velocity was carried out in a rapid bin dryer. The effects of operating temperatures (60-120°C) and bed depths (2-6 cm) on the paddy drying characteristics were investigated. It was found that the normalized drying rate of paddy was proportional to the normalized moisture content in the first falling rate period but in the second falling rate period, the normalized drying rate of the material varies exponentially with the normalized moisture content. The different relationship between the normalized drying rate and the normalized moisture content in the first and second falling rate periods indicate that two different mechanism of moisture transport are at work. The new exponential model of the second falling rate period and the linear model of the first falling rate period were found to fit the experimental data very well. Derivation from variable diffusion equation shows that the linear model is the result of constant diffusion coefficient whereas the new exponential model is the result of linear diffusion coefficient. This also implies that the first falling rate period is a constant diffusion controlled period and the second falling rate period is a variable diffusion controlled period. In addition, drying kinetics data of a drying process that fits the exponential model over a very slow drying period will show that the drying process is under the effect of a linear diffusion coefficient. It was also found that the proposed new method to determine the second critical moisture content that distinguishes between the first and second falling rate periods by using a sudden change in the value of the drying rate gradient to a much lower value at that point is more rigorous and yet simpler than the method of determining the specific location of the receding drying boundary since it is based on the behavior of the actual drying kinetic data. 相似文献
15.
16.
Raquel Rodríguez 《Polymer》2008,49(3):691-696
The limiting conversion phenomenon observed in high solid content silicone-modified acrylic miniemulsion polymerizations was investigated. It was found that the limiting conversion was mainly due to the formation of inactive radicals upon propagation of butyl acrylate radicals with the vinyl end groups of the polydimethylsiloxane. Polymerization strategies that allowed overcoming this problem and achieving high monomer conversion were implemented. 相似文献
17.
18.
厦门市气源转换的技术分析 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
分析了气源转换时原有输配系统的管道、调压设备、计量设备、用气设备与天然气系统相适应的问题,提出了相应的措施。 相似文献
19.
Legendre orthogonal moments have been widely used in the field of image analysis. Because their computation by a direct method is very time expensive, recent efforts have been devoted to the reduction of computational complexity. Nevertheless, the existing algorithms are mainly focused on binary images. We propose here a new fast method for computing the Legendre moments, which is not only suitable for binary images but also for grey level images. We first establish a recurrence formula of one-dimensional (1D) Legendre moments by using the recursive property of Legendre polynomials. As a result, the 1D Legendre moments of order p, Lp=Lp(0), can be expressed as a linear combination of Lp-1(1) and Lp-2(0). Based on this relationship, the 1D Legendre moments Lp(0) can thus be obtained from the arrays of L1(a) and L0(a), where a is an integer number less than p. To further decrease the computation complexity, an algorithm, in which no multiplication is required, is used to compute these quantities. The method is then extended to the calculation of the two-dimensional Legendre moments Lpq. We show that the proposed method is more efficient than the direct method. 相似文献
20.
利用半导体激光器(LD)端面泵浦Nd:YVO_4和用KTP内腔倍频的绿激光器获得了120mW连续、稳定的532nm绿激光输出。泵浦阈值P_(th)=160mW,光-光转换效率η_s=8.1%。换用激光腔输出耦合镜,在不加KTP晶体倍频时,可连续输出1.06μm的红外激光,输出功率为450mW,光-光转换效率为31%。 相似文献