镁表面改性及其在仿生体液中的耐蚀行为

对纯度为99.9%的纯镁表面改性,以提高纯镁在仿生模拟体液(SBF)中的耐腐蚀性能.其过程为:室温下将纯镁在初始pH值为9.3的过饱和NaHCO3-MgCO3混合溶液中浸泡24 h,然后在773 K保温10 h;再将试样放入(37±0.5)℃的SBF溶液中浸泡14 d.X射线衍射分析表明:纯镁在NaHCO3-MgCO3混合溶液中浸泡后,表层主要为MgCO3·3H2O晶体;热处理后,MgCO3·3H2O晶体转变成MgCO3和Mg(OH)2的混合物.EDS分析表明,距表面厚约20 μm的基体被氧化,形成了耐蚀氧化层.经碱热处理的试样在SBF溶液中浸泡14 d后,经X荧光能谱(XPF)分析可知表层沉积出Ca/P摩尔比为1.858的钙磷基沉淀.本阶段实验表明,碱热处理可以显著提高纯镁在仿生环境下的耐腐蚀性能.     

稀土与二（2,4,4—三甲基戊基）膦酸固体配合物的研究

合成了除Pm以外的16个稀土与二(2,4,4-三甲基戊基)膦酸(HBTMPP)的固体配合物,其组成为RE(BTMPP)_3,对配合物的性质进行了表征,热分析表明,在氩气中,热分解是一步完成的,在空气中,热分解分二步完成,前者的热分解产物是RE_4 (P_2O_7)_3,后者的产物为RE_2P_4O_(13)测定了配合物的振动光谱,对其主要吸收谱带进行了归属,配合物中RE-O键具有较高的离子特性     

LY12铝合金在模拟酸雨溶液中的阻抗谱研究

利用电化学阻抗谱和极化曲线方法 ,研究了模拟酸雨溶液 pH值对LY12铝合金腐蚀行为的影响 .结果表明 ,当模拟酸雨溶液 pH小于 3 1时 ,LY12铝合金的腐蚀电位随pH值的升高而变负 ;当溶液 pH大于 3 4时 ,LY12铝合金的腐蚀电位随 pH值升高而变正 .在 pH小于 3 4的模拟酸雨溶液中 ,LY12铝合金的表面膜发生溶解 ,随着浸泡时间延长 ,膜厚度降低 ,膜阻抗降低 ,LY12铝合金的腐蚀速率升高 .而在 pH大于 3 8溶液中 ,LY12铝合金的表面膜厚度基本不随浸泡时间发生明显变化 ,随浸泡时间增加 ,膜阻抗增大 ,LY12铝合金的腐蚀速率降低 .从铝合金表面膜特性和离子吸附及腐蚀产物等方面 ,对实验结果进行了讨论     

Effects of PSMA and experimental conditions on the morphologies of BaCO3 whiskers

BaCO3 whiskers exhibiting different morphologies were fabricated by a simple precipitation reaction of barium ch/oride with sodium carbonate in the absence and presence of poly-（styrene-alt-maleic acid） （PSMA） as a crystal growth modifier at room temperature. The as-prepared products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The influences of experimental parameters on the size and morphology of BaCO3 whiskers were investigated and discussed. It was found that the as-prepared BaCO3 whiskers are single crystals with diameter ranging from 100 to 300 run, and grow along the crystallographic a-axis or [100] direction. BaCO3 whiskers with different morphologies, such as branching and dendritic structure, can be obtained depending on the experimental conditions. With increasing PSMA concentration, the diameter of BaCO3 whiskers decreases.     

镁合金零件表面化学改性技术

研究了镁合金表面化学改性的几种表面处理工艺,讨论了镁合金非铬酸盐处理的工艺过程、操作条件.测定、分析了膜层的厚度、表面形貌和膜层成分,对比了几种不同处理工艺的实验结果.结果表明,在优化非铬酸盐处理工艺条件下,所得的膜层细致均匀且与基体的结合力良好,对镁合金基体有较好的保护作用,膜的防腐能力与铬酸盐转化膜的防腐能力相当.     

稀土强化Pt-Pd-Rh合金针织催化网在硝酸生产常压炉中的应用研究

在H厂生产硝酸的2套机组4台氨氧化常压炉中用Pt-Rh或Pt-Pd-Rh针织催化网作实验,并将稀土强化Pt-Pd-Rh针织催化网与该2种催化网进行了应用比较.用化学分析、光谱定量、光电子能谱、扫描电镜等方法分析了样品的组成及状态.结果表明,优化配套的稀土强化Pt-Pd-Rh针织催化网转化效率高、吨酸铂耗低、使用寿命长,合金中Pt高温氧化轻微,Rh的表面氧化及富集减弱,催化效果明显.提出了氨氧化常压炉用铂合金针织催化网的配套措施.     

The effect of neutral red on the corrosion inhibition of cold rolled steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid

The corrosion inhibition of neutral red on the corrosion of cold rolled steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) was studied using weight loss method and potentiodynamic polarization method. Results obtained revealed that neutral red is an effective inhibitor. It was found that the adsorption of neutral red could prevent steel from weight loss and the adsorption accorded with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Potentiodynamic polarization studies showed that neutral red mainly acted as a mixed-type inhibitor for steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid. Thermodynamic parameters such as adsorption heat, adsorption entropy and adsorption free energy were obtained from experimental data of the temperature studies of the inhibition process at four temperatures ranging from 30 to 45 °C. The most suitable range of inhibitor concentration was discussed. The kinetic data such as apparent activation energies and pre-exponential factors at different concentrations of the inhibitor were calculated, the effect of the apparent activation energies and pre-exponential factors on the corrosion rates of cold rolled steel was discussed. The inhibitive action was satisfactorily explained by using both thermodynamic and kinetic models. Synergism between chloride ion and neutral red was proposed. The results obtained from weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization were in good agreement.     

Ion Flotation of Scandium

Scandium was recovered from dilute chloride solutions with potassium salt of saturated C_8～C_(12)fattyacids as surfactant by Ion flotation.The optimum comprehensive results of physical properties,stability andscandium concentration of the foam formed with potassium caprate CH_3(CH_2)_8 COOK can be obtained.Re-covery of scandium in the foam was 98% at pH 3.8～5.0 and 25～55℃.The experimental results of 0.3 L/minairflow rate was satisfactory for flotation column.It is of a great potential for using ion flotation technique toconcentrate scandium from dilute solutions.     

二甲苯不饱和聚酯树脂在30%硝酸中的腐蚀行为

通过失重及表面腐蚀层厚度的测定以及红外吸收光谱（ＦＴ－ＩＲ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）等分析手段研究了二甲苯不饱和聚酯树脂（ＳＵＰＲ）在３０％硝酸溶液中的腐蚀行为，提出了材料耐该介质腐蚀的机理。结果表明，失重和表面腐蚀层厚度经一定时间浸泡后趋于稳定，不同温度下达到的稳定失重和腐蚀层厚度值不同。腐蚀机理为：浸泡过程中试样表面发生了物理吸附及化学反应，形成了一层淡黄色的特，其厚度与温度有关。该层物质阻止了硝     

Resistance of Mo-bearing stainless steels and Mo-bearing stainless-steel coating to naphthenic acid corrosion and erosion-corrosion

Naphthenic acid corrosion (NAC) and erosion-corrosion (NAEC) behavior of Mo-bearing (0-7.0 wt.%) stainless steels have been investigated in laboratory to evaluate the essential role of Mo on their NAC and NAEC resistance. The NAC and NAEC resistance of a high-velocity-oxygen-fuel (HVOF) thermal sprayed Mo-bearing stainless-steel coating was also investigated in both laboratory and an oil refinery. It was found that increasing the Mo content remarkably enhanced the NAC and NAEC resistance of stainless steels. The Mo-rich areas or phases in the steels played an importance role in resisting the NAEC. The HVOF coating showed excellent NAC and NAEC resistance in laboratory tests. The 700-day field test in an oil refinery revealed that the coating can effectively prevent the carbon-steel substrate from erosion-corrosion during long-term exposure in oil-refining environment. The corresponding NAC and NAEC mechanisms of the stainless steels and the beneficial role of Mo were discussed by taking account of inherent susceptibility of metal elements to corrosion, possible effects of Mo on surface films, and Mo-induced change in microstructure and microhardness.