多孔纤维型重整微反应器的等效电阻网络建模

针对应用于重整制氢微反应器的复杂多孔金属纤维载体（PFS）的流速场高效分析难题,建立载体中随机微通道的等效电阻网络分析模型. 基于复杂随机纤维结构的统计网络模型,将纤维载体中三维联通的随机微通道结构及与之相连的进出口腔简化为规则的网络通道结构.借鉴基尔霍夫定律,建立纤维载体的等效电阻网络模型,并确定求解方法. 纤维载体流速场实例分析的结果表明,基于等效电阻网络模型求解的纤维载体流速场与计算流体力学(CFD)方法的结果之间的皮尔森相关系数约为98%,且求解效率约为CFD方法的2.9×10⁴倍. 研究成果为多孔纤维型重整制氢微反应器的设计制造提供了新的支撑方案.     

热处理对多孔铝合金压缩吸能性能的影响

采用渗流铸造工艺 ,制备了Al Si系多孔铝合金 ,讨论了其压缩变形特征及能量吸收性能 ,分别对ZL10 1、ZL111两种多孔铝合金进行T6热处理 ,研究了热处理对这两种多孔铝合金压缩吸能性能的影响。研究结果表明 ,热处理能够提高多孔铝合金的能量吸收能力 ,对屈服强度及能量吸收效率也有显著的影响 ,为提高多孔铝合金的压缩性能 ,应尽可能施行热处理     

数据机房送风孔板处空气流动的数值模拟

以数据中心机房某一孔板及其相邻机柜为研究对象,采用ANSYS有限元分析方法,对孔板和机柜建立3种不同的有限元模型:几何实体模型、缩小送风孔板风口面积的基础模型、将孔板视为多孔介质面并添加源项的优化模型。根据实测数据确定3种模型的边界条件,通过有限元仿真计算获得它们的压力、速度云图,将基础模型和优化模型分别与几何实体模型进行对比。结果表明,优化模型与几何实体模型的速度场和压力场的大小误差在5%以内,同时优化模型的计算时间相较于几何实体模型可以减少60%。     

Thermal evaluation of the use of porous ceramic plates on ventilated façades—part II: Thermal behavior

The effects of porous ceramic plates on the thermal behavior of ventilated façades were evaluated, and the results are presented herein. Thermal behavior in a ventilated façade of specimens containing 40 wt% of lime mud and a firing temperature of 1100°C was evaluated and compared with a commercial porcelain ceramic tile, which was the reference material. An experimental apparatus was designed to evaluate the thermal performance of the studied ventilated façades. The results revealed that the ventilated façade composed of the studied porous ceramic tiles produced a greater reduction in temperature between the external environmental and the interior of a box representing a building (ΔT5) of 65.7°C, compared with the façade composed of the commercial porcelain ceramic tiles (ΔT5 = 56.0°C) and even the traditional façade (ΔT5 = 49.1°C). Thus, porous ceramic tiles based on byproducts are promising candidates for ventilated façade systems.     

采用循环伏安法研究微孔型多孔炭电极的电容特性

以酚醛树脂为原料,KOH为活化剂,制备出3种不同孔径分布的微孔型多孔炭(孔径≤2 nm)。在低温氮气吸附法测定BET比表面积和孔结构的基础上,采用循环伏安法考察了这3种微孔型多孔炭作电极的双电层电容器(EDLC)的电容特性。实验结果表明,微孔型多孔炭作电极的EDLC的电容特性是:在低扫描速率下,其循环伏安曲线达到电容平台后在高电压(±1.0 V)附近出现峰电容;延长在电解液中的浸渍时间,电极的比电容增大,高电位附近的峰电容减小。3种不同孔径分布的微孔型多孔炭作电极的EDLC的循环伏安特性受浸渍时间影响的程度也不同。     

多孔钯的制备及其结构与性能

研究了以钯粉和碳酸钠为原料制备多孔钯的烧结-溶解新工艺，用FESEM分析了多孔钯的微观结构形貌，并进一步研究了制备的多孔钯的力学性能和氢同位素的交排换代性能。结果表明，烧结-溶解工艺能稳定地制备出孔隙率为85．29％-87．82％的多孔钯，其压缩强度大于2MPa。室温下孔隙率为87.30％的多孔钯对氘的单位质量吸收量为0．0767L／g，氢同位素排代交换率为86．2％。     

A New Process to Make a Porous PTFE Structure from Aqueous PTFE Dispersion with the Help of Hydrogel

A novel method to make a porous material having relatively large cell diameter (200–300 m), which consisted of mainly poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), was developed from aqueous PTFE dispersion by using the characteristics of hydrogel with the addition of carbon nanofiber (CNF). The porous material was produced as follows: firstly, an aqueous agar gel containing PTFE and CNF was prepared; secondly, the gel was freeze-dried; thirdly, the dried gel was heat-treated at 400°C where the agar was almost decomposed and PTFE became molten. The porous material showed electric conductivity (about 50 ), high porosity (about 96 vol%), and relatively uniform cell structures without shrinkage during freeze drying and heat treatment. While the method without CNF resulted in large shrinkage during heat treatment, meaning that CNF prevented the shrinkage. It was explained by the idea that the existence of rigid CNF, which was dispersed in the cell wall, prohibited the shrinkage of PTFE during heat treatment. It was unexpectedly found by SEM analysis that the porous materials had another macro-porous structure inside the cell wall, suggesting that the developed materials had a double porous structure.     

Humidity Sensor Characteristics of Woodceramics

The humidity sensor characteristics of Woodceramics were investigated. The Woodceramics used in this experiment were prepared at 650–900°C. The size of specimens selected was 1 × 1 × 10 mm . One was used as-cut and the other was polished. Above 700°C, the resistance of the specimen was below 50 and the decrease of resistance with increasing relative humidity was small. The specimen prepared at 650°C had a resistance of about 1 k. The resistance of as-cut specimens decreased with increase in relative humidity, but that of the polished specimen did not change significantly. The difference between as-cut and polished samples was explained by the differences in surface micro-structure.     

Characterization of nanoporous materials prepared from montmorillonite clay and its application to the decolorization of mare's milk oil

Nanoporous materials have been prepared by leaching the purified montmorillonite clay with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) solution with varying concentrations (0.5–2 M) at 80°C for 0.5–4 h. Acid leaching causes partial amorphisation of the clay with depletion of MgO, Al₂O₃, CaO and Fe₂O₃ components mostly from interlayer and octahedral sites. This increases the specific surface area by more than 3 times, i.e. from 49.1 to 157 m²/g. The pore-size distribution curves calculated from the adsorption isotherms of the leached montmorillonite show that most of the pores are in the mesoporous region with their diameter ranging 3–4 nm. This material turns out to be appropriate for bleaching of the mare's milk oil. The chemical and structural changes of the acid-leached montmorillonite are discussed in terms of the decolorization capacity.     

Monodisperse‐porous poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) beads providing high column efficiency in reversed phase HPLC

A multistage polymerization protocol, the so‐called “modified seeded polymerization,” was developed for the production of monodisperse‐porous poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) providing high column efficiency as a packing material in reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RPLC). In the first stage of the multistage production, uniform polystyrene seed particles, produced by dispersion polymerization, were swollen by an organic agent (i.e., the diluent) and then by a monomer mixture containing styrene and divinylbenzene. The final porous particles were obtained in the monodisperse form by the polymerization of monomer mixture in the seed particles. By the use of a small size seed latex with low molecular weight and by the selection of the appropriate diluent, relatively small monodisperse‐porous particles with suitable pore structure could be achieved. In the reversed phase separation of alkylbenzenes, under isocratic conditions, theoretical plate numbers up to 40,000 plates/m were achieved by using 5.2 μm porous particles, obtained by a toluene‐dibutyl phthalate mixture as the diluent. No significant decrease in the resolution power was observed by the fourfold increase in the mobile phase flow rate. The column efficiency and the resolution observed with 5.2 μm monodisperse‐porous particles were significantly higher with respect to the currently available polymer based packing materials used in the reversed phase HPLC. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 1430–1438, 2005