景电高扬程灌区水价改革实践及思考

水价是水商品价值的体现。由于多方面的原因，水价改革的进程与水商品生产经营的市场化供求关系还不相适应，致使现行水价不能体现水资源的市场需求价值。回顾总结景电灌区水价调整改革的实践，可以为西北高扬程灌区水价改革提供借鉴。     

在线误码监测方法及其性能

本文论述了在数字通信中进行在线误码监测的必要性，介绍了几种在线误码监测方法，并对其监测性能进行了理论分析。     

多站虚拟量测变换均值无源定位算法

在多站无源均值定位算法中,为了解决部分传感器间夹角过大或过小所导致的定位精度下降问题,提出一种基于虚拟量测变换的多传感器管理无源定位算法.首先在全局坐标系下分析了传感器间夹角对误差几何稀释度(GDOP)的影响,进而得到双站获得较好定位精度的夹角约束关系;其次针对不满足该约束关系的传感器组合提出一种虚拟量测变换定位算法,通过空间管理的方法达到对传感器的优化布站,并结合算法的实施步骤对其原理及特点进行了理论分析,尤其对变换前后的交点精度进行了比较.仿真结果表明虚拟量测算法的定位精度要明显优于均值算法,进而说明该算法的有效性及传感器管理在多站无源定位中的重要作用.     

宁夏汉延渠灌区灌溉水利用系数测算分析与评价

农田灌溉水利用系数表示从水源引水被农作物吸收利用的过程,是反应灌区灌溉用水效率的一项指标。本文以汉延渠灌区为例,综合考虑宁夏的气候环境、土壤类型、灌溉制度及作物种植结构等因素,选取典型渠段和样点灌区,分别采用"连乘法"和"首尾法"计算宁夏汉延渠灌区2018—2019年的灌溉水利用系数,并对其进行对比分析评价,从而确定灌区适宜的计算方法。     

基于径向基的瓦斯涌出量灰色预测模型

为了进一步预防煤层瓦斯突出,实现准确、快速预测煤矿瓦斯涌出量的大小,首先采用1-AGO对样本数据进行处理,建立灰色(GM)预测模型,再利用径向基(RBF)神经网络对灰色预测模型结果进行预测,以作为其最终的预测值;采用阜新煤矿某工作面瓦斯涌出量的历史数据进行建模,实验结果表明,GM-RBF组合模型在预测精度及训练误差方面均优于单一的GM模型和RBF神经网络预测模型;算法计算简便,减弱了数据的随机性及模型误差,煤矿瓦斯涌出量的预测平均误差减小到1.57%。     

基于自由摆的平板精确控制与激光追踪系统

以TI公司的MSP430F5438单片机为控制核心,结合步进电机和精密电位器WDD35D-4,实现了基于自由摆的平板控制与激光追踪系统。当摆杆摆角为45°～60°时,平板可以承载8枚一元硬币,并在5个摆动周期内维持稳定;当摆杆摆角为30°～60°时,固定在摆杆平板上的激光笔可以在15s内找到并跟踪1.5m远处的靶心。     

Roll‐to‐roll UV embossing process applied for light bar‐based sub‐wavelength gratings for backlight

This study proposes a roll‐to‐roll process‐based sub‐wavelength grating, which is attached on a light bar to turn the side‐lit red/green/blue (620, 520, and 450 nm) incident rays into a uniformly and normally output white light with high illuminance from the light bar's surface. On the basis of the rigorous coupling wave analysis, the relationship between the first‐order transmission/reflection efficiency and the pitch of the gratings with different shapes was analyzed. The optimal design can effectively reduce the coupling length and enhance the white color balance for display applications.     

A novel adaptive cooperative location algorithm for wireless sensor networks

To overcome the disadvantages of the location algorithm based on received signal strength indication(RSSI) in the existing wireless sensor networks(WSNs),a novel adaptive cooperative location algorithm is proposed.To tolerate some minor errors in the information of node position,a reference anchor node is employed.On the other hand,Dixon method is used to remove the outliers of RSSI,the standard deviation threshold of RSSI and the learning model are put forward to reduce the ranging error of RSSI and improve the positioning precision effectively.Simulations are run to evaluate the performance of the algorithm.The results show that the proposed algorithm offers more precise location and better stability and robustness.     

Screening model for assessing ‘cost’ of minimum flow requirements in the Svartå River,Sweden

The minimum flow requirements in the Svartå River in Sweden are directed at maintaining fishlife and providing suitable dilution for waste flows. The implications of varying the minimum flow requirements in the river are examined using a mixed integer optimisation model. The model is formulated as a modified method-of-weights technique with the economic issues of hydro-electricity generation, irrigation and urban water supply placed in the objective function and the minimum flows specified within the constraint set. The integer component of the model is required to model the operating policy at the major flow regulation facility in the system and the restricted validity of the irrigation permits. Application of the model shows that in dry years where competition between minimum flow levels and the other economic uses, is most intense, the levels achieved by the various economic objectives are only slightly reduced even with significant increases in the minimum flow requirements. Variations in minimum flow requirements of up to 45% only produce changes of 10% or less in the economic objectives. The lack of sensitivity of the objective levels is due primarily to the level of control exerted indirectly on the whole system in dry years by the release regulation policy and the restricted validity of the irrigation permits. In normal to wet years these policies are not as restrictive and more choice is available. In such years, however, there is generally sufficient water to satisfy all requirements and allocation is not a critical issue. The model itself is formulated generally so that a range of scenarios beyond those examined specifically in the paper can be considered.     

变形镜交连值的优化分析

关于优化光波控制,自适应光学校正是至关重要的一个环节,可用于改善激光光束质量及校正光束在传输过程中气流引起的波前畸变等。变形镜是其核心器件,而交连值是影响变形镜校正精度的关键因素。针对变形镜实际使用时需要对致动器进行一定的约束,利用带约束的最小二乘法,分析了在一定约束条件下交连值变化对变形镜校正精度及控制稳定性的影响。以Zernike像差和以大气湍流模型构造的像差为校正对象,寻找校正效果最好的交连值。结果表明各阶Zernike像差对应的最优交连值差异较大,最优交连值主要分布在15%～35%之间。从控制误差引起的校正效果变化的方面考虑,对正方形致动器排布的最优交连值位于15%～25%区域。