黄河中游多沙粗沙区水沙控制途径的探讨

根据黄河中游多沙粗区暴雨洪水及产流产沙特点，提出了为控制水沙危害，黄河中游治理应分两步走的战略。第一步解决近期水沙控制和耕地问题，主要措施是建设淤地坝和骨干坝。研究表明，在现状坝地，梯田条件下，为满足粮食生产需要，每平方公里需新增坝地３．１８ｈａ，且能港口控制水沙的要求。第二步是进行坡面治理，改善生态环境，以达到根治水沙的目的。     

供应链管理的研究综述

首先阐述了供应链管理的概念，在此基础之上提出目前供应链的研究框架，并指出供应链管理实践中存在的问题，最后提出未来研究方向。     

后桥壳的可靠性优化设计

该文讨论了后桥壳的可靠性优化设计问题.在基本随机变量的概率特性已知的情况下,应用随机摄动法和约束随机方向法对后桥壳进行可靠性优化设计,并编制了实用的计算机程序,可以迅速准确地得到后桥壳的可靠性设计参数.     

透同光路指示光的CO_2激光器

报导封离型可透同光路指示光的ＣＯ２激光器的研制，并给出了其电流—工作特性曲线。对需可见光作同光路指示的ＣＯ２激光应用整机的开发，开辟了一条新的途径。     

Variation in Malting Quality and Heat Resistance in the Malting Barley Variety “Alexis”

In earlier studies concerning vigour, where subsamples are heat‐treated before germination there was found heat‐sensitive as well as heat‐resistant barley samples. The vigour model developed by Ellis and Roberts and further developed at Carlsberg, could only describe the heat‐sensitive barleys. Seventeen samples of the “Alexis” variety grown widely in Europe were collected from the EBC trials in 1994 in order to see if heat resistance in barley was influenced by different growing conditions. We found both heat‐sensitive samples following the vigour model as well as pronounced heat‐resistant samples, but these were not divided according to growing conditions. The germination curves dependent on heat treatment and germination time were evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Heat‐resistant barley samples could be differentiated from heat‐sensitive samples already after ½ h of heat treatment at 68°C (12% moisture) and after 3 days of germination. The barley samples were analysed with regard to malting quality. The PCA evaluation of the data divided the samples according to growing location, mainly due to differences in protein and β‐glucan. However, the malting analyses could not describe the differences in heat resistance and sensitivity of the barleys. The biochemical background of the heat resistance found is discussed on the basis of literature. Our findings should give an experimental basis for exploiting a biochemical principle for heat resistance, which is formed during grain filling and consumed during storage and germination.     

一种新型悬臂棒条筛的设计与应用

介绍了一种新型悬臂棒条筛分机械,论述了其结构、工作原理和技术特性。从理论和实践两方面论证了它的结构、处理能力、筛分效率、返矿率都明显优于普通悬臂棒条筛分机械,可广泛应用于高炉槽下烧结矿的筛分作业。     

Characterization of edible oils,butters and margarines by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance

The combination of attenuated total reflectance (ATR) and mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) with statistical multidimensional techniques made it possible to extract relevant information from MIR spectra of lipid-rich food products. Wavenumber assignments for typical functional groups in fatty acids were made for standard fatty acids: Absorption bands around 1745 cm⁻¹, 2853 cm⁻¹, 2954 cm⁻¹, 3005 cm⁻¹, 966 cm⁻¹, 3450 cm⁻¹ and 1640 cm⁻¹ are due to absorption of the carbonyl group, C−H stretch, =CH double bonds of lipids and O−H of lipids, respectively. In lipid-rich food products, some bands are modified. Water strongly absorbs in the region of 3600–3000 cm⁻¹ and at 1650 cm⁻¹ in butters and margarines, allowing one to rapidly differentiate the foods as function of their water content. Principal component analysis was used to emphasize the differences between spectra and to rapidly classify 27 commercial samples of oils, butters and margarines. As the MIR spectra contain information about carbonyl groups and double bonds, the foods were classified with ATR-MIR, in agreement with their degree of esterification and their degree of unsaturation as determined from gas-liquid chromatography analysis. However, it was difficult to differentiate the studied food products in terms of their average chainlength.     

The analysis of solvation in ionic liquids and organic solvents using the Abraham linear free energy relationship

The contentions made in an earlier paper [J Chem Technol Biotechnol 80 : 133–137 (2005)] that the coefficients of the Abraham solvation equation do not provide meaningful information on the molecular properties of ionic liquid solvents is refuted. The objections noted in the earlier paper disappear when the solvation equation model is correctly applied to the experimental data. It is further shown that the coefficients of the Abraham solvation equations can be used to characterize ionic liquids and can be used to select solvents for the solubility of gaseous solutes. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

GPS在水面流速流向测量中的应用

传统的水面流速流向测量多采用经纬仪交会法,此法需要大量的人力和设备,工作量大且费时。近几年,随着全球定位系统(GPS)的广泛应用和实践,在一定范围内,采用GPS定位法替代经纬仪交会法施测水面流速流向。介绍了GPS定位法的测量原理、设备,以及测量方法。通过对GPS定位法的精度和优缺点的分析,得出采用GPS定位法施测水面流速流向具有较高的推广价值。     

Development of calibration models for quality control in the production of ethylene/propylene copolymers by FTIR spectroscopy,multivariate statistical tools,and artificial neural networks

Principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares (PLS), StepWise ordinary least squares regression (OLS), and back‐propagation artificial neural network (BP‐ANN) are applied here for the determination of the propylene concentration of a set of 83 production samples of ethylene–propylene copolymers from their infrared spectra. The set of available samples was split into (a) a training set, for models calculation; (b) a test set, for selecting the correct number of latent variables in PCR and PLS and the end point of the training phase of BP‐ANN; (c) a production set, for evaluating the predictive ability of the models. The predictive ability of the models is thus evaluated by genuine predictions. The model obtained by StepWise OLS turned out to be the best one, both in fitting and prediction. The study of the breakdown number of samples to be included in the training set showed that at least 52 experiments are necessary to build a reliable and predictive calibration model. It can be concluded that FTIR spectroscopy and OLS can be properly employed for monitoring the synthesis or the final product of ethylene–propylene copolymers, by predicting the concentration of propylene directly along the process line. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008