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991.
Arne Fallisch Leon Schellhase Jan Fresko Martin Zechmeister Mario Zedda Jens Ohlmann Lukas Zielke Nils Paust Tom Smolinka 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2017,42(19):13544-13553
Hydrogen as a secondary energy carrier promises a large potential as a long term storage for fluctuating renewable energies. In this sense a highly efficient solar hydrogen generation is of great interest especially in southern countries having high solar irradiation. The patented Hydrogen Concentrator (HyCon) concept yields high efficiencies combining multi-junction solar cells with proton exchange (PEM) membrane water electrolysis. In this work, a special PEM electrolysis cell for the HyCon concept was developed and investigated. It is shown that the purpose-made PEM cell shows a high performance using a titanium hybrid fiber sinter function both as a porous transport layer and flow field. The electrolysis cell shows a high performance with 1.83 V at 1 A/cm2 and 24 °C working under natural convection with a commercially available catalyst coated membrane. A theoretical examination predicts a total efficiency for the HyCon module from sunlight to hydrogen of approximately 19.5% according to the higher heating value. 相似文献
992.
Medhat A. Nemitallah Mohamed A. Habib Hassan M. Badr Syed A. Said Aqil Jamal Rached Ben‐Mansour Esmail M. A. Mokheimer K. Mezghani 《国际能源研究杂志》2017,41(12):1670-1708
The increased level of emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere due to burning of fossil fuels represents one of the main barriers toward the reduction of greenhouse gases and the control of global warming. In the last decades, the use of renewable and clean sources of energies such as solar and wind energies has been increased extensively. However, due to the tremendously increasing world energy demand, fossil fuels would continue in use for decades which necessitates the integration of carbon capture technologies (CCTs) in power plants. These technologies include oxycombustion, pre‐combustion, and post‐combustion carbon capture. Oxycombustion technology is one of the most promising carbon capture technologies as it can be applied with slight modifications to existing power plants or to new power plants. In this technology, fuel is burned using an oxidizer mixture of pure oxygen plus recycled exhaust gases (consists mainly of CO2). The oxycombustion process results in highly CO2‐concentrated exhaust gases, which facilitates the capture process of CO2 after H2O condensation. The captured CO2 can be used for industrial applications or can be sequestrated. The current work reviews the current status of oxycombustion technology and its applications in existing conventional combustion systems (including gas turbines and boilers) and novel oxygen transport reactors (OTRs). The review starts with an introduction to the available CCTs with emphasis on their different applications and limitations of use, followed by a review on oxycombustion applications in different combustion systems utilizing gaseous, liquid, and coal fuels. The current status and technology readiness level of oxycombustion technology is discussed. The novel application of oxycombustion technology in OTRs is analyzed in some details. The analyses of OTRs include oxygen permeation technique, fabrication of oxygen transport membranes (OTMs), calculation of oxygen permeation flux, and coupling between oxygen separation and oxycombustion of fuel within the same unit called OTR. The oxycombustion process inside OTR is analyzed considering coal and gaseous fuels. The future trends of oxycombustion technology are itemized and discussed in details in the present study including: (i) ITMs for syngas production; (ii) combustion utilizing liquid fuels in OTRs; (iii) oxy‐combustion integrated power plants and (iv) third generation technologies for CO2 capture. Techno‐economic analysis of oxycombustion integrated systems is also discussed trying to assess the future prospects of this technology. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
993.
Li‐Fang Wei Xian‐Jun Zheng Zhi‐Hong Zhang Yong‐Jie Wei Bing Xie Ming‐Bao Wei Xiao‐Li Sun 《国际能源研究杂志》2012,36(1):75-86
The propionic acid (HPr) is one of the main by‐products during fermentative H2 process. To efficiently convert HPr to H2 gas, photocatalytic H2 production from HPr solution with the use of Pt/TiO2 photocatalyst under ultraviolet light has been studied in this research. The Pt/TiO2 photocatalyst has been prepared by the sol–gel method and further characterized by X‐ray diffraction, TEM and XPS. Effects of Pt loading amount, HPr concentration, initial pH value on photocatalytic H2 production have been investigated in detail. From practical point of view, the H2 evolution from HPr solution under UV irradiation for prolonged time has been studied as well. The Langmuir model can be able to describe the relationship between HPr concentration with the maximum rate of H2 production. The apparent quantum efficiency and apparent energy conversion efficiency are found to 1.65 and 0.72%, respectively. To better understand the photocatalytic H2 process over Pt/TiO2, a possible mechanism for the degradation of HPr has been proposed as well. Based on our results, an efficient route for hydrogen production from renewable biomass can be established by coupling biological H2 production process with photocatalytic H2 production process. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
994.
995.
Raimundo J.B. de Sampaio Jin Yun Yuan 《International journal of systems science》2013,44(10):1087-1094
There are many situations in engineering where we need to calculate the eigensystem of a matrix A which is given as a product of matrices, that is, A = A 1 A 2···A p . Since, usually, we first perform the multiplication of the factors, the matrix A often becomes very ill-conditioned. Actually this happens even when A is a symmetric matrix, which will be our concern here. In this article we introduce a new approach to calculate the eigensystem of A without performing the indicated multiplication, or performing only partially the multiplication of the factors. 相似文献
996.
为了解决4.2 m柔掩工钢支架强度有限,在顶板压力大或地质变化时经常造成支架挤架、摞架、架斜等现象给安全生产带来的重大安全隐患。宏远煤矿大胆尝试采用ZRY36/45L型柔性液压支架采煤工艺,结果表明采用该液压支架后保证了工作面的安全生产,生产效率得到了较大的提高,促进了安全高效矿井的建设。 相似文献
997.
998.
A reactive decision-making approach to reduce instability in a master production schedule 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
One of the primary factors that impact the master production scheduling performance is demand fluctuation, which leads to frequently updated decisions, thereby causing instability. Consequently, global cost deteriorates, and productivity decreases. A reactive approach based on parametric mixed-integer programming (MIP) is proposed that aims to provide a set of plans such that a compromise between production cost and production stability is ensured. Several stability measures and their corresponding MIP model are proposed. An experimental study is performed to highlight the effectiveness of the reactive approach with regard to the proposed performance measures. It is observed that an improvement in stability does not mean a significant increase in the total production cost. Furthermore, the procedure yields a set of plans that in practice would enable flexible management of production. 相似文献
999.
To address the problem of fossil fuel usage at the Missouri University of Science and Technology campus, using of alternative fuels and renewable energy sources can lower energy consumption and hydrogen use. Biogas, produced by anaerobic digestion of wastewater, organic waste, agricultural waste, industrial waste, and animal by-products is a potential source of renewable energy. In this work, we have discussed Hydrogen production and End-Uses from CHHP system for the campus using local resources. Following the resource assessment study, the team selects FuelCell Energy DFC1500™ unit as a molten carbonate fuel cell to study of combined heat, hydrogen and power (CHHP) system based on a molten carbonate fuel cell fed by biogas produced by anaerobic digestion. The CHHP system provides approximately 650 kg/day. The total hydrogen usage 123 kg/day on the university campus including personal transportation applications, backup power applications, portable power applications, and other mobility applications are 56, 16, 29, 17, and 5 respectively. The excess hydrogen could be sold to a gas retailer. In conclusion, the CHHP system will be able to reduce fossil fuel usage, greenhouse gas emissions and hydrogen generated is used to power different applications on the university campus. 相似文献
1000.
With the wide application of module-shipbuilding technology, problems related to block spatial scheduling occur in various working areas, and this restricts the productivity of shipbuilding. To address the problems and to obtain the optimum block sequence and spatial layout, typical block features and work plates were investigated. A heuristic spatial scheduling model was established based on the investigation and proposed strategies with the objective to minimise makespan. With the heuristic algorithm, a block spatial scheduling system was developed and implemented with real data from a large ship. Through the spatial scheduling system, visual results of daily block layouts and progress charts for all blocks can be easily obtained and work orders can also be created for site workers. Several other spatial scheduling methods are described and compared with the above-mentioned heuristic algorithm. The result shows that the heuristic algorithm is better than Cplex and a genetic algorithm in solving large-scale block scheduling, and the heuristic algorithm is better than a grid algorithm and manual scheduling in all aspects such as makespan, utilisation of work plates, runtime of scheduling and on-time delivery. The developed block spatial scheduling system is applied in a block production shop of a modern shipyard and shows good performance. 相似文献