星用微处理器在轨单粒子翻转率预估方法研究

运用程序占空比概念及故障注入技术对星用微处理器动态和静态单粒子翻转率间的关系进行了研究,并将预估结果与国外在轨飞行监测数据进行了对比。结果表明,由程序占空比计算所得动态单粒子翻转率可对星用微处理器在轨单粒子翻转率进行合理预估;故障注入技术是灵活、方便的动态单粒子翻转率预估方法。     

An exposure based study of crash and injury rates in a cohort of transport and recreational cyclists in New South Wales,Australia

This paper examines self-reported prospectively collected data from 2038 adult transport and recreational cyclists from New South Wales (Australia) to determine exposure-based incident crash and injury rates. During 25,971 days of cycling, 198 crashes were reported, comprising approximately equal numbers of falls and collisions. The overall crash rate was 0.290 (95% CI, 0.264–0.319) per 1000 km or 6.06 (95% CI, 5.52–6.65) per 1000 h of travel. The rate of crashes causing any injury (self-treated, or medically attended without overnight hospital stay) was 0.148 (95% CI, 0.133–0.164) per 1000 km or 3.09 (95% CI, 2.79-3.43) per 1000 h of travel. The rate of crashes causing a medically attended injury (without overnight hospital stay) was 0.023 (95% CI, 0.020–0.027) per 1000 km or 0.49 (95% CI, 0.43-0.56) per 1000 h of travel. No injuries requiring an overnight stay in hospital were reported on days meeting the inclusion criteria. After adjustment for exposure in hours, or for the risks associated with different infrastructure utilisation, the rates of crashes and medically attended injuries were found to be greater for females than males, less experienced than more experienced cyclists, and for those who rode mainly for transport rather than mainly for recreation. Comparison of estimated crash and injury rates on different infrastructure types were limited by the small number of events, however findings suggest that the separation of cyclists from motorised traffic is by itself not sufficient to ensure safe cycling.     

同向抽运光纤拉曼放大器功率转换效率的理论分析

为了对同向抽运光纤拉曼放大器的功率转换效率进行研究,由耦合方程出发,首先理论推导出功率转换效率的解析解,然后采用数值计算的方法详细分析不同物理因素对功率转换效率的影响。结果表明：功率转换效率先随着光纤长度和单位面积的拉曼增益系数增加而增加,当增加到最大值时保持数值不变;小信号时,初始信号光功率对功率转换效率的影响较小;大信号时,功率转换效率随着初始信号光功率增加而快速增加;功率转换效率和初始抽运光功率呈抛物线曲线关系;抽运光与信号光的频率比增加时,功率转换效率减小。     

泵送砼施工中裂缝成因分析与防治

泵送砼作为一种先进工艺在施工中被越来越广泛地采用。然而采用泵送砼进行施工的工程建筑中往往出现裂缝问题,在本文中,我们主要就泵送砼施工中出现裂缝的原因进行分析,并在此基础上提出相应的防治措施。     

Findings from a fleet test on the performance of two engine oil formulations in automotive CNG engines

This work presents a comparative assessment of engine oil performance on field test using urban transport vehicles powered by compressed natural gas engines using two different mineral oil formulations approved by engine manufacturer. The first one is considered as a baseline reference, and the second one is a higher quality formulation in terms of base stock refining and additive content. Higher quality oil has shown a significant enhanced lubricant performance, leading to reach the oil drain interval defined by engine manufacturer on these engines without penalties in maintenance costs. In order to assess oil performance, an oil analysis programme has been established for oil samples collected from vehicles operated under real service conditions in an urban transport fleet. Monitored parameters include oxidation, nitration, aminic anti‐oxidant additives depletion, anti‐wear additives depletion, total acid number, total basic number and remaining useful life number (as an estimation of anti‐oxidant additive depletion including aminic and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate). Results obtained in more than 90 samples from 15 different vehicles have shown higher degradation rates for low quality lubricant oil formulation. This deviation can be explained taking into account factors related with lower anti‐oxidant additives content and lower thermal stability that can be mainly related with the base stock quality. This lower oil performance can be finally converted into higher vehicle maintenance cost and lower engine reliability. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Real-time performance models for photovoltaic water pumping systems

This purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a model to accurately predict the cell temperature of a photovoltaic (PV) module that adapts to various mounting configurations, mounting locations, and climates while only requiring readily available data from the module manufacturer. Results from this model are also compared with results from published cell temperature models. The models were used to predict real-time performance from a PV water pumping systems in the desert of Medenine, south of Tunisia using 60-min intervals of measured performance data during one complete year. Statistical analysis of the predicted results and measured data highlights possible sources of errors and the limitations and/or adequacy of existing models, to describe the temperature and efficiency of PV-cells and consequently, the accuracy of performance of PV water pumping systems’ prediction models.     

扬州第五水厂取水泵房立式混流泵的安装及调试

立式混流泵是取水泵房的主要设备,水泵的安装应科学合理,否则会引起水泵的喘振、振动、噪音及气蚀现象。以扬州第五水厂取水泵房立式混流泵为例,介绍了立式混流泵的选型、安装及调试过程,以供参考。     

基于STC单片机的抽油机便携式工况分析仪

以STC12C5A系列单片机为核心设计了一个抽油机便携式工况分析仪,给出了硬件电路设计和软件设计。分析仪通过电压和电流互感器采集抽油机电参数,通过红外光电反射式传感器采集抽油机电机转速,将采集到的数据通过曲线的形式在液晶屏显示并保存到分析仪的存储器上。同时分析仪通过计算给出平衡调整建议。此外,分析仪还可以通过串口与PC实现数据通信,把采集到的数据传输到上位机上。