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221.
在客源时间分布上,计算乌镇游客游览时间强度指数,得到游客游览时间主要集中在二、三季度,并以7、8月份为最高峰。而在客源市场的分布上,鸟镇已经形成了以浙江为核心,上海、北京等地为一级,安徽、河南等地为二级的国内客源市场。在长三角古村落旅游发展迅速的今天,乌镇与周边的周庄、同里等古镇的竞争日益激烈,而旅游产品的创新、加大宣传迅速占领国内二级客源市场等措施将有助于乌镇在竞争中脱颖而出,占领主导地位。 相似文献
222.
在利用我国中部5省(湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、河南)经济协作区52个闪电监测站2007—2010年闪电定位资料和1961—2010年雷暴日资料,分析协作区内闪电参数的分布特征的过程中,发现中部5省闪电参数在30.8°N纬度带两侧呈现不同的变化规律.36.4~30.8°N,正闪强度整体呈下降趋势,正闪陡度变化较小,平均值为16.48 kA·μs-1,负闪强度和陡度在32°N附近形成极大值后,在30.8°N附近迅速下降;一天中闪电频数最大值与最小值出现时间比较分散;初雷日约为4月5日、终雷日约为9月17日.30.8~24.4°N,正、负闪电强度绝对值呈上升趋势,正闪强度上升较快,从52.11 kA上升至77.88 kA,负闪强度绝对值上升较平缓,正闪陡度变化较小,平均值约为14.24 kA·μs-1,负闪陡度呈下降趋势,由12.07 kA·μs-1下降到8.90kA·μs-1;闪电频数最大值出现时间集中在15—16时,闪电频数最小值出现时间集中在8—10时;初雷日约为2月18日,终雷日约为10月17日. 相似文献
223.
Prediction of recent bank retreat processes at typical sections in the Jingjiang Reach 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The Jingjiang Reach is experiencing continuous channel degradation owing to operation of the Three Gorges Project(TGP)in2003.Significant retreat processes at composite riverbanks have occurred at local sites of this reach,which may influence the stability of the river regime and the effect of existing river training works.Therefore,bank retreat plays a key role in fluvial processes of the Jingjiang Reach,and it is necessary to predict the long-term processes of bank retreat at typical sections in the reach.In this study,various factors influencing bank retreat in the Jingjiang Reach are investigated,based on bank erosion processes at four sections and the corresponding flow and sediment conditions.It is discovered that fluvial erosion intensity is a dominant factor in controlling the processes of bank retreat in the reach,although other factors,such as bank soil properties,can also influence bank retreat.The bankfull width at a section with severe bank erosion since 2002 is defined as being equal to the sum of the bankfull width in 2002 and the accumulated bank retreat distance after 2002.The magnitude of the bankfull width can be expressed as an exponential function of the previous 5-year average fluvial erosion intensity during flood seasons.The accumulated distances of bank retreat at four sections over the period 2002–2012 are predicted using the proposed empirical relationships,with the calculated bank retreat processes agreeing well with observed data. 相似文献
224.
225.
通过电子显微镜观察了在电场作用下电流变抛光液微粒垂直电极形成的纤维柱状微观结构。根据粒子的结合模型和粒子间的作用力,建立了电流变抛光液的静态剪切屈服应力模型,计算了粒子链的抗剪切强度。在屈服应力测试装置上进行了电流变抛光液的静态剪切屈服应力实验,得到了磨料种类、浓度和粒度对电流变抛光液的剪切屈服应力的影响规律,并通过实验对理论模型进行了验证。 相似文献
226.
227.
CMC在珠光颜料涂布纸中的应用试验 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对添加羧甲基纤维素钠改善水性珠光涂布纸云母系列珠光涂料的性质做了初步研究.试验结果表明,羧甲基纤维素钠不仅能改善涂料的稳定性,提高涂层的表面拉毛强度,还能起到辅助胶粘剂的作用.通过优化试验得到了较理想的羧甲基纤维素钠配比. 相似文献
228.
V. V. Korchevskii 《Measurement Techniques》2006,49(5):517-523
The particular features of the measurement of the continuous acoustic emission when metals are stretched are considered. It
is shown that the measured physical quantity should be the intensity of the acoustic radiation. Sources of systematic error
are indicated, namely, the rigidity of the testing machine, the rate of displacement of the mobile crossarm, and the dimensions
and shape of the samples.
__________
Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 5, pp. 64–68, May, 2006. 相似文献
229.
Thermal fracture analysis of orthotropic functionally graded materials using an equivalent domain integral approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A new computational method based on the equivalent domain integral (EDI) is developed for mode I fracture analysis of orthotropic functionally graded materials (FGMs) subjected to thermal stresses. By using the constitutive relations of plane orthotropic thermoelasticity, generalized definition of the J-integral is converted to an equivalent domain integral to calculate the thermal stress intensity factor. In the formulation of the EDI approach, all the required thermomechanical properties are assumed to have continuous spatial variations through the functionally graded medium. Developed methodology is integrated into a fracture mechanics research finite element code FRAC2D using graded finite elements that possess cubic interpolation. Steady-state and transient temperature distribution profiles in orthotropic FGMs are computed using the finite elements based heat transfer analysis software HEAT2D. EDI method is validated and domain independence is demonstrated by comparing the numerical results obtained using EDI to those calculated by an enriched finite element method and to those available in the literature. Single and periodic edge crack problems in orthotropic FGMs are examined in order to study the influences of principal thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity components, relative crack length and crack periodicity on the thermal stress intensity factors. Numerical results show that among the three principal thermal expansion coefficient components, the in-plane component perpendicular to the crack axis has the most significant influence on the mode I stress intensity factor. Gradation profile of the thermal expansion coefficient parallel to the crack axis is shown to have no effect on the outcome of the fracture analysis. 相似文献
230.
We review, unify and extend work pertaining to evaluating mode mixity of interfacial fracture utilizing the virtual crack
closure technique (VCCT). From the VCCT, components of the strain energy release rate (SERR) are obtained using the forces
and displacements near the crack tip corresponding to the opening and sliding contributions. Unfortunately, these components
depend on the crack extension size, Δ, used in the VCCT. It follows that a mode mixity based upon these components also will
depend on the crack extension size. However, the components of the strain energy release rate can be used for determining
the complex stress intensity factors (SIFs) and the associated mode mixity. In this study, we show that several—seemingly
different—suggested methods presented in the literature used to obtain mode mixity based on the stress intensity factors are
indeed identical. We also present an alternative, simpler quadratic equation to this end. Moreover, a Δ-independent strain
energy release based mode mixity can be defined by introducing a “normalizing length parameter.” We show that when the reference
length (used for the SIF-based mode mixity) and the normalizing length (used for Δ-independent SERR-based mode mixity) are
equal, the two mode mixities are only shifted by a phase angle, depending on the bimaterial parameter ε. 相似文献