Sn-Sb包晶合金的快速凝固

设计了一种用于Sn-Sb等滑动轴承合金的无容器接触深过冷快速凝固装置.并以热流分析为基础,利用传热模型和物理模型计算了Sn-16%Sb(质量分数)过包晶合金在本装置中的冷却速度.结果表明:在粒子直径为4mm时,粒子的冷却速度为3.1×102K/s;当粒子直径为0.1mm时,冷却速度达到了105K/s.Sn-Sb包晶合金组织显著细化,初生相SnSb化合物高度弥散化.     

Quenching stress in plasma sprayed coatings and its correlation with the deposit microstructure

Quenching stress arises within a thermally sprayed splat as its thermal contraction after solidification is constrained by the underlying solid. Dependence of the quenching stress in plasma-sprayed deposits of Ni-20Cr alloy and alumina on the substrate temperature during spraying was discussed in conjunction with the change in the nature of the interlamellar contact between splats. It was found by mercury intrusion porosimetry and observation of cross sections of impregnated deposits that the interlamellar contact is improved significantly by raising the substrate temperature during deposition from 200 to 600 °C. The positive dependence of the quenching stress on the substrate temperature in this temperature range was attributed to a stronger constraint against thermal contraction of sprayed splats after solidification due to the improved contact.     

快速凝固Al-Li合金超塑性的研究

制备了急冷微晶铝锂合金并对其超塑性进行了研究。热机械处理使快凝铝锂合金获得超塑性。固溶+过时效+温轧+再结晶预处理的铝锂合金最大延伸率为585％,最佳超塑变形条件是:温度540℃,应变速率1.67×10~(-2)s~(-1)。观察分析了预处理中的组织变化和超塑变形中的空洞。超塑断裂主要因为空洞形成、长大、绕晶粒联接所致。     

快速凝固Al—8.3Fe—1.9V—2.1Si合金的相转变

借助扫描电子显微分析、Ｘ射线衍射技术、差热分析手段研究了快速凝固Ａｌ－８．３Ｆｅ－１．９Ｖ－２．１Ｓｉ合金的相组成及相转变温度。结果表明，合金中的相组成为αＡｌ＋Ａｌ１３（Ｆｅ，Ｖ）３Ｓｉ相；在６３８℃－６４５℃温度范围内，立方结构的Ａｌ１３（Ｆｅ，Ｖ）３Ｓｉ相向六方结构的Ａｌ３（Ｆｅ，Ｖ，Ｓｉ）相转变。钒添加至Ａｌ－Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ合金中，提高了快速凝固Ａｌ－８．３Ｆｅ－１．９Ｖ－２．１Ｓｉ合金粉末的     

快速凝固Al－Cu－Mg合金的时效特征

对离心雾化法制得的快速凝固Ａｌ－Ｃｕ－Ｍｇ合金的时效特征进行了研究。结果表明,随时效温度的升高,快速凝固Ａｌ－Ｃｕ－Ｍｇ合金的时效硬度峰值增加,且达峰值后硬度下降缓慢。在连续加热时效过程中,快速凝固Ａｌ－Ｃｕ－Ｍｇ合金有Ｓ”相形成过程,且Ｓ’相形成长大过程比较缓慢。从时效析出激活能、连续加热过程分析等方面进行了解释和验证。     

局部快冷减少焊接热裂纹的研究

ＮＮ Ｐｒｏｋｈｏｒｏｖ认为随变形速度增加金属热塑性降低，降低冷却速度可以降低变形和焊接热裂纹倾向，并把预热和缓冷作为减少焊接热裂纹的措施。研究结果表明，焊缝局部快冷可以减少脆性变形速率和减少焊接热裂纺     

Effect of alloy grain size and silicon content on the oxidation of austenitic Fe-Cr-Ni-Mn-Si alloys in pure O2

Austenitic Fe-18Cr-20Ni-1.5Mn alloys containing 0, 0.6, and 1.5 wt.% Si were produced both by conventional and rapid solidification processing. The isothermal and cyclic oxidation resistance of the alloys were studied at 900°C in pure O₂ to elucidate the role of alloy microstructure and Si content on oxidation properties. The conventionally-processed, large-grained alloy that contained no silicon formed Fe-rich nodules during oxidation. The nodule formation was effectively eliminated by either reducing the alloy grain size by rapid solidification or by adding Si to the alloy. The lowest weight gains were achieved when a continuous silica layer formed between the alloy and the external chromia scale. The formation of the continuous silica layer required a ombination of fine alloy grain size and high Si content. The presence of S in the alloy was found to be detrimental to oxide scale adherence when the silica layer was continuous.     

急弯段闸孔出流的弯道水流特性研究

在河弯处修建水工建筑物时,研究弯道水流特性对水工建筑物布置的影响十分重要。采用RNCκ-ε紊流模型对急弯段闸孔出流的弯道水流进行了三维数值模拟。通过模拟计算,比较分析了急弯段不同闸位、不同流量条件下闸孔过流时的流速分布、紊流动能、压强分布和环流等相关水流特性与变化规律。分析研究结果表明,闸坝位于弯道上游时,弯道对闸坝过流的影响最小,但需对闸坝下流弯道凸岸岸坡附近区域采取一定的防护措施;闸坝布置在弯道中游时,过闸水流受弯道的影响最小,闸室水流的稳定性、闸门的工作安全以及闸墩的空蚀破坏都是实际工程中需要注意的重点。数值模拟验证与物理模型试验结果吻合较好,计算精度较高,能够满足相关计算研究要求。     

Real-time nonlinear MPC and MHE for a large-scale mechatronic application

Progress in optimization algorithms and in computational hardware made deployment of Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) and Moving Horizon Estimation (MHE) possible to mechatronic applications. This paper aims to assess the computational performance of NMPC and MHE for rotational start-up of Airborne Wind Energy systems. The capabilities offered by an automatic code generation tool are experimentally verified on a real physical system, using a model comprising 27 states and 4 inputs at a sampling frequency of 25 Hz. The results show the feedback times less than 5 ms for the NMPC with more than 1500 variables.