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101.
A. Santos P. Yustos A. Quintanilla G. Ruiz F. Garcia-Ochoa 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2005,61(3-4):323-333
Catalytic wet oxidation of phenol as a model pollutant has been performed in a three phase fixed-bed reactor (FBR) by using a commercial catalyst based on copper oxide in order to analyze the variables affecting significantly the copper leaching. It has been found that temperature has an almost negligible influence in the range studied (70–160 °C). On the contrary, an important effect of the pH value was noticed. The copper leaching reduces when the pH of the solution fed to the reactor increases, being almost negligible at pH ≥ 5. Moreover, the composition of the reaction media also influences the leaching. Higher copper concentrations than those expected by the effect of the acid aqueous media have been measured in the reactor effluent when phenol, catechol, hydroquinone, p-benzoquinone and maleic acid are present in the reaction media. On the contrary, oxalic acid has a negative influence on the leaching, since it captures the copper in solution to form copper oxalate which precipitates on the catalyst surface. For a previously acidified medium, the acetic and formic acids do not have any other effect on the copper leaching. It has been also demonstrated that as copper in solution decreases, so does phenol conversion, because the homogeneous catalysis contributes significantly to the oxidation reactions even in fixed-bed reactors. 相似文献
102.
微孔无机膜反应器研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
主要介绍了无机膜在化学反应中的应用--膜反应器研究,对膜反应器的特点、类型、应用、影响因素以及与其它反应器的比较进行了评述,并对其应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
103.
Anders?Falk?VikbjergEmail author Lifeng?Peng Huiling?Mu Xuebing?Xu 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2005,82(4):237-242
The possibilities of producing structured phospholipids between soybean phospholipids and caprylic acid by lipase-catalyzed
acidolysis were examined in continuous packedbed enzyme reactors. Acidolysis reactions were performed in both a solvent system
and a solvent-free system with the commercially immobilized lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosa (Lipozyme TL IM) as catalyst. In the packed bed reactors, different parameters for the lipase-catalyzed acidolysis were elucidated,
such as solvent ratio (solvent system), temperature, substrate ratio, residence time, water content, and operation stability.
The water content was observed to be very crucial for the acidolysis reaction in packed bed reactors. If no water was added
to the substrate during reactions under the solvent-free system, very low incorporation corporation of caprylic acid was observed.
In both solvent and solvent-free systems, acyl incorporation was favored by a high substrate ratio between acyl donor and
phospholipids, a longer residence time, and a higher reaction temperature. Under certain conditions, the incorporation of
around 30% caprylic acid can be obtained in continuous operation with hexane as the solvent.
Presented at the 95th American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting and Expo in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 10, 2004. 相似文献
104.
2-[N-甲基-N-(2-吡啶基)氨基] 乙醇制备条件的优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2-[N-甲基-N-(2-吡啶基)氨基]乙醇是合成罗格列酮(Rosighitazone)的一种中间体,罗格列酮是新型噻唑烷二酮类胰岛素增敏剂,通过两轮优化设计,实验室小试得到了较好的反应条件.为工业化生产提供了基础数据。 相似文献
105.
Biomass pyrolysis in a circulating fluid bed reactor for the production of fuels and chemicals 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
An approach for biomass flash pyrolysis in a circulating fluid bed (CFB) reactor with continuous solids regeneration is described in this study. The unit is capable of performing conventional and catalytic biomass pyrolysis with the proper solid selection. The production of improved quality liquid products in a direct step through catalytic pyrolysis is investigated in this work. Both conventional and catalytic biomass pyrolysis can be effectively performed in this CFB unit. Flash pyrolysis conditions were achieved and liquid product yields of ∼70 wt% (on biomass feed) were obtained. The effect of specific operating variables including the type of inorganic solid material and the solid/biomass ratio was established on the final liquid product quality and yield. Solid materials considered included silica sand, a commercial fluid catalytic cracking catalyst and a ZSM-5 additive. Catalytic biomass pyrolysis generally leads to the production of additional water, coke and gases compared to conventional pyrolysis. However, the obtained liquid product quality and composition is improved. 相似文献
106.
Tiina Komulainen Mauri Sourander Sirkka-Liisa Jms-Jounela 《Computers & Chemical Engineering》2004,28(12):2611-2619
107.
108.
109.
在对喷射式气、液反应器中复杂的流动行为进行简化和假定的基础上,导得了传质模型,并以空气-水系统进行实验研究。用光电毛细管法测定喷射管内气泡平均直径 d_(32)和比表面积 a,用氮气解吸水中溶解氧的方法获得体积传质系数 k_La,以确定传质模型中的有关参数。实验获得如下结果:α=9.18×10~2β~(0.74)e~(0.372),k_Lα=0.7206β~(0.88)e~(0.492)。其结果与理论分析较接近,可作为喷射式气、液反应器设计参数。 相似文献
110.
本文分析了70年代以来国际化工设备朝单系列大型化及高压力的发展趋势,以及高效能、低能耗的要求,在这个基础上介绍当前国内外化工设备新设备研制及旧设备改造的进展情况。最后提出对广州市、广东省在“八·五”期间化工设备技术的展望:乙烯设备国产化与旧设备的更新换代,进行技术改造。 相似文献