Vibrational Spectroscopy in Assessment of Early Osteoarthritis—A Narrative Review

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease, and there is currently no effective medicine to cure it. Early prevention and treatment can effectively reduce the pain of OA patients and save costs. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose OA at an early stage. There are various diagnostic methods for OA, but the methods applied to early diagnosis are limited. Ordinary optical diagnosis is confined to the surface, while laboratory tests, such as rheumatoid factor inspection and physical arthritis checks, are too trivial or time-consuming. Evidently, there is an urgent need to develop a rapid nondestructive detection method for the early diagnosis of OA. Vibrational spectroscopy is a rapid and nondestructive technique that has attracted much attention. In this review, near-infrared (NIR), infrared, (IR) and Raman spectroscopy were introduced to show their potential in early OA diagnosis. The basic principles were discussed first, and then the research progress to date was discussed, as well as its limitations and the direction of development. Finally, all methods were compared, and vibrational spectroscopy was demonstrated that it could be used as a promising tool for early OA diagnosis. This review provides theoretical support for the application and development of vibrational spectroscopy technology in OA diagnosis, providing a new strategy for the nondestructive and rapid diagnosis of arthritis and promoting the development and clinical application of a component-based molecular spectrum detection technology.     

微电网跟踪调度计划双层双时间尺度实时控制策略

为了提升微电网跟踪调度计划的能力,并降低分布式电源和负荷的功率波动对跟踪效果的影响,提出一种利用由超级电容和电池储能组成的混合储能系统跟踪调度计划的双层双时间尺度实时控制策略。上层基于模型预测控制方法建立日内滚动优化模型,结合分布式电源和负荷的超短期功率预测结果,综合考虑一段时域内的跟踪偏差及混合储能系统的功率和荷电状态对跟踪调度计划进行滚动优化;下层在上层优化结果的基础上,采用基于荷电状态的混合储能系统实时控制策略对超级电容和电池储能的实时功率进行协调分配,进一步降低分布式电源和负荷的实时功率波动对跟踪效果的影响。通过仿真算例对所提控制策略进行验证,结果表明:所提策略不但实现了良好的实时跟踪调度计划的控制效果,而且优化了超级电容和电池储能的荷电状态。     

数控系统加减速控制与程序段终点速度规划

加减速控制是CNC系统的关键技术之一。以前的加减速控制技术通常或单独采用前加减速控制，或单独采用后加减速控制。本文提出一种采用前加减速控制，同时结合运用后加减速控制算法原理的策略并且在加工前选择速度曲线模型，以提高数控系统的加工精度、实时性和通用性。同时本文进一步分析了在数控系统加工过程中，在程序段终点处存在速度无规则突跳的现象，讨论了该现象所带来的问题并提出了解决这些问题的办法。     

A machine vision approach to seam tracking in real-time in PAW of large-diameter stainless steel tube

Manual monitoring and seam tracking through watching weld pool images in real-time, by naked eyes or by industrial TV, are experience-depended, subjective, labor intensive, and sometimes biased. So it is necessary to realize the automation of computer-aided seam tracking. A PAW (plasma arc welding) seam tracking system was developed, which senses the molten pool and the seam in one frame by a vision sensor, and then detects the seam deviation to adjust the work piece motion adaptively to the seam position sensed by vision sensor. A novel molten pool area image-processing algorithm based on machine vision was proposed. The algorithm processes each image at the speed of 20 frames/second in real-time to extract three feature variables to get the seam deviation. It is proved experimentally that the algorithm is very fast and effective. Issues related to the algorithm are also discussed.     

MES在聚氯乙烯生产中的应用

介绍了MES在聚氯乙烯生产中乙炔站、氯乙烯、聚合各工序的生产平衡、实时参数及关联参数优化、辅助材料的核算等应用情况。     

基于改进粒子群优化算法的BP神经网络在大坝变形分析中的应用

BP神经网络以其对非线性系统的强大映射能力而被广泛应用于模糊性、随机性强的大坝变形预测分析中。传统的BP神经网络由于初始权值和阈值的随机性,容易导致网络在训练过程中极易陷入局部最小值,同时存在网络收敛速度慢等缺点。针对传统算法的不足,采用改进的粒子群算法(IPSO)对BP网络的初始权值和阈值给予优化,建立大坝变形预测的IPSO-BP模型,并与PSO-BP网络模型进行对比。结果表明,改进的IPSO-BP模型具有收敛速度更快、预测精度更高的优点。该方法可供大坝安全监测和预警分析参考。     

硅酸根分析仪在火电厂水处理中的应用

FIA－33型自动分析仪是采用先进的流动注射技术，固体冷光源光纤技术及现代微机技术相结合的一种智能型在线水质分析仪器，成功地实现 了锅炉水（汽）硅酸根的快速在线实时监测，阐述了硅酸根自动分析仪的特点，分析流程及工作原理，并结合近几年来的现场应用实践进行分析总结。     

多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成及性能研究

采取两步法合成了高官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯,用实时红外光谱研究了多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的光聚合动力学,并研究了多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯与其它单体配方的机械性能。研究发现随着丙烯酸官能度的增多,双键转化率也随之降低;官能度的增加会提高漆膜的硬度。     

渠首水位实时调控模型——以船行灌区一支渠为例

很多大中型灌区在输配水过程中存在水位衔接不当的问题,加之田面高程存在起伏,使得灌溉时往往存在部分田面不能上水或受淹等问题。本文提出了空间灌溉率的概念,并利用GIS的三维分析功能研究了其与渠道渠首水位之间的关系。分析表明,空间灌溉率与渠首水位之间的关系符合Logistic曲线;针对船行灌区一支渠,得到该Logistic曲线的参数,并确定了一支渠渠首和干渠渠首不同空间灌溉率所需的水位,为灌区水位实时调控提供基础数据。