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In this study, distribution and history of residual stresses in plaque-like geometries are simulated based on linear thermoviscoelastic
model, which helps to understand the mechanics and evolution of the residual stresses in the injection molding process. The
numerical calculation of direction, combined with the specified boundary conditions. Results show that the stress variation
across the thickness exhibits a high surface tensile value changing to a compressive peak value close to the surface, with
the core region experiencing a parabolic tensile peak. Residual stress distribution throughout the thickness is almost same
along the flowpath and the final residual stresses value near the gate is lower than the value near the end of flowpath. 相似文献
13.
变压器有载合闸过程中故障分闸后铁心剩磁分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过有载合闸变压器模型,分析了变压器有载合闸过程中由于副边突然短路导致主保护动作时电流和磁通的暂态过程,并对变压器铁心内的剩磁作了定性的分析。 相似文献
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Kevin E. Spaulding Geoffrey J. Woolfe Rajan L. Joshi 《Color research and application》2003,28(4):251-266
Image sources, such as digital camera captures and photographic negatives, typically have more information than can be reproduced on a photographic print or a video display. The information that is lost during the tone/color rendering process relates to both the extended dynamic range and color gamut of the original scene. In conventional photographic systems, most of this additional information is archived on the photographic negative and can be accessed by adjusting the way the negative is printed. However, most digital imaging systems have traditionally archived only a rendered video RGB image. As a result, it is not possible to make the same sorts of image manipulations that historically have been possible with conventional photographic systems. This suggests that there would be an advantage to storing images using an extended dynamic range/color gamut color encoding. However, because of file compatibility issues, digital imaging systems that store images using color encoding other than a standard video RGB representation (e.g., sRGB) would be significantly disadvantaged in the marketplace. In this article, we describe a solution that has been developed to maintain compatibility with existing file formats and software applications, while simultaneously retaining the extended dynamic range and color gamut information associated with the original scenes. With this approach, the input raw digital camera image or film scan is first transformed to the scene‐referred ERIMM RGB color encoding. Next, a rendered sRGB image is formed in the usual way and stored in a conventional image file (e.g., a standard JPEG file). A residual image representing the difference between the original extended dynamic range image and the final rendered image is formed and stored in the image file using proprietary metadata tags. This provides a mechanism for archiving the extended dynamic range/color gamut information, which is normally discarded during the rendering process, without sacrificing interoperability. Appropriately enabled applications can decode the residual image metadata and use it to reconstruct the ERIMM RGB image, whereas applications that are not aware of the metadata will ignore it and only have access to the sRGB image. The residual image is formed such that it will have negligible pixel values for those portions of the image that lie within the sRGB gamut, and will therefore be highly compressible. Tests on a population of 950 real customer images have demonstrated that the extended dynamic range scene information can be stored with an average file size overhead of about 8% compared to the sRGB images alone. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 28, 251–266, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.10160 相似文献
16.
A Novel Segmentation and Feedback Model for Resolving Contention in Optical Burst Switching 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A novel segmentation and feedback model (SFM) applied to resolve contention is proposed. Simulation and performance analyses show that the SFM effectively avoids contentions in optical burst switching (OBS). The long delay time of deflection routing and the immature technology of wavelength converters and optical buffers are not deployed in the SFM. The SFM does not only realize fast switching but also allows preemption by higher priority bursts. 相似文献
17.
Akihiko Sakurai Mina Masuda Mikio Sakakibara 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2003,78(9):952-958
The removal of phenol by peroxidase‐catalysed polymerization was examined using Coprinus cinereus peroxidase in the presence of surfactants. The non‐ionic surfactants with poly(oxyethene) residues, Triton X‐100, Triton X‐405 and Tween 20, enhanced the phenol removal efficiency at a level similar to high relative molecular mass poly(ethylene glycol) (relative molecular mass 3000). Although the improvement in the removal efficiency was less than that of Triton X‐100, Span 20, sodium lauryl sulfate (SDS) and lauryl trimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) also enhanced the removal efficiency. The requirement of the enzyme for almost 100% removal of 100 mg dm?3 phenol decreased to one‐fourth by the addition of 30 mg dm?3 Triton X‐100. Triton X‐100, Triton X‐405, Tween 20 and DTAB could reactivate the enzyme precipitated with the phenol polymer, leading to the restarting of the phenol removal reaction. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
18.
J. Gegner Priv.‐Doz. Dr. W. Nierlich M. Brückner 《Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik》2007,38(8):613-623
Due to clearly distinguishable damage symptoms, it is differentiated between the surface and sub‐surface failure mode of rolling bearings. Material states red out by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) residual stress measurements point to a variety of loading conditions especially at raceway surfaces that are associated with several competing failure mechanisms. The corresponding lifetime reduction can range from the lower fatigue strength region to material ratcheting in extreme cases. Relevant position of the microstructural changes and nature of the failure mechanisms are characterized. The time alteration of the XRD material parameters measured at or near the surface and at the depth of the maximum equivalent stress correlates, in a different manner, with the statistical parameter of the 10 % bearing life. Both failure modes are illustrated by concrete examples. Contaminated lubricant and boundary lubrication, which represent practically important surface‐induced failures, are discussed in more detail. Gray staining, i.e. shallow pitting, often occurs without distinct indication of global material aging by means of XRD characteristics. Here, scanning electron microscopy observations and electron microprobe analyses point to corrosion fatigue as acting surface failure mechanism. The interaction between material and lubricant under complex loading regimes particularly of mixed friction and corrosion opens further failure research areas in the field of tribology. 相似文献
19.
Accelerated tests for oxidative rancidity of blanched peanuts, blanched dry-roasted peanuts, blanched oil-roasted peanuts and shelled Persian walnuts were performed at high and low oxygen content at controlled intermediate and low relative humidities. The results confirmed and quantified the importance of oxygen content, relative humidity and roasting process in the oxidative rancidity of peanuts and walnuts. There is a potential to extend shelf-life of roasted peanuts and walnuts by edible coatings with low oxygen permeability or nitrogen-flushing with oxygen barrier packaging. Static headspace chromatography was useful to monitor oxidative rancidity in walnuts and roasted peanuts. 相似文献
20.
多人决策的一类相对均衡解 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文分析由于决策人偏好不同而引起决策差异的多人多目标决策问题,提出了这类决策问题的一类相对均衡解的概念和求取方法。相对均衡解以决策群体偏好的加权集结为基础,能最大程度地反映每个决策人的偏好。文中研究相对均衡解的SWT求取方法,并给出了求解的步骤。 相似文献