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121.
The paper presents a computational approach and numerical data which facilitate the use of the smeared-tip method for cohesive fracture in large enough structures. In the recently developed K-version of the smeared tip method, the large-size asymptotic profile of the stress intensity factor density along a cohesive crack is considered as a material characteristic, which is uniquely related to the softening stress-displacement law of the cohesive crack. After reviewing the K-version, an accurate and efficient numerical algorithm for the computation of this asymptotic profile is presented. The algorithm is based on solving a singular Abel's integral equation. The profiles corresponding to various typical softening stress-displacement laws of the cohesive crack model are computed, tabulated and plotted. The profiles for a certain range of other typical softening laws can be approximately obtained by interpolation from the tables. Knowing the profile, one can obtain with the smeared-tip method an analytical expression for the large-size solution to fracture problems, including the first two asymptotic terms of the size effect law. Consequently, numerical solutions of the integral equations of the cohesive crack model as well as finite element simulations of the cohesive crack are made superfluous. However, when the fracture process zone is attached to a notch or to the body surface and the cohesive zone ends with a stress jump, the solution is expected to be accurate only for large-enough structures. 相似文献
122.
剩余油分布及其挖潜研究综述 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
介绍了国内外剩余油分布的研究现状,从微观规模和宏观规模2个角度对剩余油研究技术进行了综述,微观规模常用的研究技术主要有物理模拟、计算机模拟等,宏观研究常用技术有测井解释、三维地震、流动单元划分等。认为不同的地质环境和开发方式会导致不同的剩余油分布模式,不同油田、不同区块分布模式不同。影响剩余油分布的主要因素中,储层因素是内在的,开发因素是外在的。概括介绍了我国部分油田剩余油挖潜的一些常用技术,认为应主要从改善储层非均质性的地质角度和调整注采状况的开发角度入手,采用动态、静态结合和多学科结合的方法挖潜剩余油。 相似文献
123.
钢管机械扩径工艺研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了大口径直缝焊管机械扩径的优点,原理及扩径力的计算,找出影响扩径力及扩径头寿命的因素。 相似文献
124.
Human can handle a deformable object and damp its vibration with recognized skill. However, for an industrial robot, handling a deformable object with acute vibration is often a difficult task. This paper addresses the problem of active damping skill for handling deformable linear objects (DLOs) by using a strategy inspired from human manipulation skills. The strategy is illustrated by several rules, which are explained by a fuzzy and a P controller. A proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is also employed to explain the rules as a comparison. The interpretations from controllers are translated into high level commands in a robotic language V+. A standard industrial robot with a force/torque sensor mounted on the wrist was employed to demonstrate the skill. Experimental results showed the fuzzy based damping skill is quite effective and stable even without any previous acknowledge of the deformable linear objects.Category (5) 相似文献
125.
The inherently nonlinear phenomenon of fatigue crack propagation is modeled as a linear random process. To a first approximation, simple, nonstationary time series models are introduced and standard techniques for determining the parameters of autoregressive integrated moving-average processes are applied. Multiplicative time series models are next utilised for the representation of a group of crack history curves. Implementation of the models on the Virkler experimental data set yields satisfactory results. Reliable Gaussian approximations to the distribution of the time required by a crack to reach a specified critical length are obtained, and the usefulness of the approach is demonstrated when updating lifetime predictions after periodic inspections. 相似文献
126.
System reliability is evolving as an important design method for selecting components and topology. It should be used to investigate the original intact structure behavior as well as providing sufficient reserve capacity under likely accident and damage scenarios. Highway bridges are an area of special concern since effort to optimize the cost of construction may not provide adequate redundant capacity. The paper describes an example in which a typical girder bridge structure is optimized (both size and girder spacing) to achieve target system performance. System reliability constraints are imposed on the behavior of the intact structure under highway loads. Also, residual system reliability constraints are imposed to control safety under specified accident scenarios corresponding to damage and “lost” members due to corrosion, fatigue, fire or accidental collisions. An optimal design framework for controlling safety under all these life cycle situations is thus provided. 相似文献
127.
128.
129.
The authors study residual stresses in and cyclic strength of shaft with overlapping zones formed during roller burnishing.
The most significant decrease in fatigue strength is shown to occur in the presence of an overlapping zone with the areas
arising due to a lowered roller burnishing pressure in the second pass.
__________
Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 3, pp. 144–148, May–June, 2006. 相似文献
130.
A new curvature technique calculation for surface tension contribution in PLIC-VOF method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The volume of fluid (VOF) methods have been used for numerous numerical simulations. Among these techniques used to define
the moving interface, the piecewise linear interface reconstruction (PLIC-VOF) is one of the most accurate. A study of the
superficial tension impact on two-phase flow with free surface is presented. A new method based on direct staggered grid is
developped to include surface tension in PLIC-VOF. The new numerical curvature calculation method doesn't need smoothed colour
function and leads to less “spurious current”. This technique is applied to the calculus of surface tension force in the case
of the rise of air bubble in viscous liquid and the fall of liquid drop in the same liquid on free surface. Droplets, thin
layer and capillarity waves are observed after the free surface rupture for different Bond number. The influence of surface
tension calculus is then obvioused and when the drop hit the free surface, wavelets propagate toward the virtual boundaries
imposed. 相似文献