高压旋喷桩复合地基承载特性的有限元分析

结合工程实际,运用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS分析了不同桩长、不同桩土模量比和不同桩间距情况下高压旋喷桩复合地基的承载特性.结果表明,该地基存在有效桩长,当桩土模量较合适时,该地基能够发挥最大作用;同时运用ANSYS优化功能,得出了最优桩长、最优桩体弹性模量和最优桩间距,为实际工程提供一些参考.     

基于CSY型传感器的悬臂力学试验确定材料弹性模量的方法

对在CSY型传感器综合实验仪上拓展悬臂梁力学实验进行了研究,研究了在该实验仪上实现材料弹性模量的测定.通过材料力学的理论推导出悬臂梁弹性模量与其受力和挠度比值的关系,通过应变式传感器的实验确定出悬臂梁受力与其挠度的比值关系,进一步可推导出悬臂梁材料的弹性模量,并验证了该方法的可行性及有效性.该方法集合了电阻应变效应、全桥差动电路等传感器电测技术以及材料弹性力学、悬臂梁结构力学的基础知识,具有综合应用性.同时,对高校实验室如何有效利用设备资源、开发拓展型实验有一定的示范作用.     

普通混凝土抗冻耐久性研究

以水灰比为0.60,0.55,0.50,0.45和0.40的普通混凝土抗冻耐久性为研究内容,用混凝土相对动弹性模量和质量损失率来表征冻融过程中性能劣化状况.通过试验得出：随着冻融循环次数的增加,相对动弹性模量基本上呈直线变化,而质量损失率在循环初期,随水灰比不同,呈不同变化趋势,后期质量都减小.     

水网密集区粘土路基当量回弹模量的预估分析

基于非饱和土基本理论,利用基质吸力及土水特征曲线的最新研究成果,对受地下水位控制的粘土路基的平衡湿度状态进行了预估分析;同时采用室内重复动三轴试验方法,建立了非饱和粘性路基土动回弹模量的双线性本构经验预估模型。将上述研究成果相结合,创建了综合考虑路基湿度和应力状态的路基当量回弹模量的预估方法,并结合实体工程建立了以地下水位、路基填筑高度为核心的路基当量回弹模量预估方程。通过与试验路上传统测试方法测试结果的对比分析,表明该评价方法具有准确、可靠特点。研究成果从平衡湿度和应力状态耦合控制的角度,对水网密集区粘土路基当量回弹模量的确定提供了新的视角和途径。     

The Young's moduli prediction of random distributed short-fiber-reinforced polypropylene foams using finite element method

The elastic moduli of short-fiber-reinforced foams depend critically on the fiber content and fiber length, as well as on the fiber orientation distribution. Based on periodic tetrakaidecahedrons, the finite element models with short-fiber reinforcement were proposed in this paper to examine the effects of the fiber content and fiber length on Young's modulus. The fiber length distribution and fiber orientation distribution were also considered. The proposed models featured in a three-dimensional diorama with random short-fiber distribution within or on the surfaces of the walls and edges of the closed-cells of polypropylene (PP) foams. The fiber length/orientation distributions were modeled by Gaussian prob-ability density functions. Different fiber volume fractions, different lengths, and different distributions were investigated. The predicted Young's moduli of the PP foams with short-glass-fiber or short-carbon-fiber reinforcement were compared with other theoretic and experimental results, and the agreement was found to be satisfactory. The proposed finite element models were proved to be acceptable to predict the Young's moduli of the grafted closed-cell PP foams with short-fiber reinforcement.     

PVA凝胶纺丝工艺对纤维结构与性能的影响

讨论了聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）凝胶纺丝过程中的凝固浴、初生冻胶丝的溶剂萃取和干燥收缩以及干冻胶丝超拉伸、热定型等工艺条件对ＰＶＡ纤维结构和性能的影响，并制备出拉伸强度和模量分别为１１．３和４３０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ的高强高模ＰＶＡ纤维。     

Effect of modified layered silicates and compatibilizer on properties of PMP/clay nanocomposites

The preparation and properties of poly(4‐methyl‐1‐pentene) (PMP)/clay nano‐composites are described for the first time. The effect of clay modification and compatibilizer on the formation and properties of the nanocomposites is studied. Layered silicates modified with two types of quaternary ammonium salts are used. The X‐ray diffraction results indicate intercalation of the polymer into the intergallery spacing of the clay. Thermogravimetric analysis shows a delay in the degradation process. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows an increase in the storage modulus for the nanocomposites. The use of compatibilizer containing maleic anhydride and acrylic ester groups is explored. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3233–3238, 2003     

Microstructure of high modulus solid state extruded polyethylene: 2. X-ray scattering studies of 12, 24 and 36 extrusion draw ratio

The microstructure of a series of solid state extruded polyethylene fibres was examined by wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering. By measuring absolute intensities using a two dimensional position sensitive detector, accurate values of the small-angle invariant for anisotropic samples were obtained. This measurement coupled with wide-angle X-ray scattering and d.s.c. permitted determination of the density of the noncrystalline component. The use of a two phase model for solid state extruded polyethylene is justified if consideration is given to the effective densities of the crystalline and noncrystalline phases, which change with deformation. The effective density of the crystalline phase decreases by 1% (0.999–0.990 g cm^?3) from the unextruded billet compared to a 36 draw ratio extrudate, while the noncrystalline phase density increases by 6% (0.84–0.89 g cm^?3). These changes lead to an overall decrease in the mean squared electron density fluctuation of 63%. The average axial crystallite length measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering increases with extrusion draw ratio while the SAXS long period decreases and weakens considerably. These observations and the electron microscopy results from the previous paper, (Polymer, 1982, 23, 1069), are fully consistent with the key features of the Peterlin model of fibre microstructure.     

The Effect of Temperature on the Strength of Adhesively-Bonded Composite-Aluminium Joints

Different materials have different coefficients of thermal expansion, which is a measure of the change in length for a given change in temperature. When different materials are combined structurally, as in a bonded joint, a temperature change leads to stresses being set up. These stresses are present even in an unloaded joint which has been cured at say 150°C and cooled to room temperature. Further stresses result from operations at even lower temperatures.

In addition to temperature-induced stresses, account also has to be taken of changes in adhesive properties. Low temperatures cause the adhesive to become more brittle (reduced strain to failure), while high temperatures cause the adhesive to become more ductile, but make it less strong and more liable to creep.

Theoretical predictions are made of the strength of a series of aluminium/CFRP joints using three different adhesives at 20°C and 55°C. Various failure criteria are used to show good correlation with experimental results.     

碟形弹簧竖向减震装置的性能试验研究

基础隔震技术是目前应用最广泛的结构控制方法,但是,目前这种技术只是最大限度地减少或隔离水平地震作用,而对竖向地震作用几乎没有影响。为改善隔震技术在隔离竖向地震中的限制,研制了一种由碟形弹簧和粘弹性阻尼器组合而成的碟形弹簧竖向减震装置,并对其进行了在静载和动载作用下的力学性能试验研究,给出了该装置在竖向静力和动力作用下的等效刚度和阻尼比,建立了恢复力模型,试验研究表明,碟形弹簧竖向减震装置能有效的解决竖向大承载力和竖向阻尼的难题,力学性能优良且稳定,加工制作容易,是一种比较理想的竖向减震装置。