Autoregressive modelling in vector spaces: An application to narrow-bandwidth spectral estimation

A generalisation of the Burg algorithm to vector spaces is described. This can be used to subsample time series that have narrow frequency bandwidth, thereby reducing the computation time and the complexity of the autoregressive model required. The technique is preferable to conventional subsampling.     

光学活性物质的工业生产方法

本文介绍了光学８活性牺牲垢几种工业规模的生产方法及最新的进展，分析了各种方法的特点及存在的问题。     

分数阶Fourier域多分量LFM信号间的分辨研究

在分数阶Fourier域内,当多分量线性调频(LFM)信号的初始频率和调频率相近时,信号的尖峰会出现无法分辨的现象,导致目标信号漏检.文中分析了LFM信号在分数阶Fourier域的频谱分布特征,以及离散分数阶Fourier变换计算条件下LFM信号的频谱分布特征.推导了两个LFM信号在分数阶Fourier域的临界分辨距离,以及两个LFM信号尖峰之间的距离与量纲归一化因子的变化关系,发现选择合理的量纲归一化因子可以增大两个信号尖峰之间的距离.文中提出一种量纲归一化因子优化选择的方法,该方法可以提高分数阶Fourier变换对多分量LFM信号的分辨能力.最后,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性.     

Research on resolution between multi-component LFM signals in the fractional Fourier domain

When the initial frequencies and chirp rates of multi-component linear frequency modulation (LFM or chirp) signals are close,the signals may not be distinguished in the fractional Fourier domain (FRFD).Consequently,some signals cannot be detected.In this paper,first,the spectral distribution characteristics of a continuous LFM signal in the FRFD are analyzed,and then the spectral distribution characteristics of a LFM signal in the discrete FRFD are analyzed.Second,the critical resolution distance between the peaks of two LFM signals in the FRFD is deduced,and the relationship between the dimensional normalization parameter and the distance between two LFM signals in the FRFD is also deduced.It is discovered that selecting a proper dimensional normalization parameter can increase the distance.Finally,a method to select the parameter is proposed,which can improve the resolution ability of the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT).Its effectiveness is verified by simulation results.     

DEM分辨率对山洪淹没模拟影响

DEM是表征地形状况的重要指标,在山洪淹没模拟中起着重要作用。以2016年7月19日发生在河北省石家庄市井陉县西部山区的特大暴雨山洪事件为研究对象,利用HEC-HMS水文模型和FLO-2D水动力模型,设置5种DEM分辨率方案(30、20、15、10、5 m),从淹没范围和淹没水深两方面分析了DEM分辨率对山洪淹没模拟的影响,并从模型运行时间角度对其运行效率进行了评估。研究表明:DEM分辨率越高,则淹没范围越小,平均淹没水深越大,即模型模拟精度越高,山洪事件的淹没范围及水深越接近于实际调查情况(DEM分辨率为30和5 m时,淹没范围及淹没深度的模拟精度分别为0.56和0.41、0.76和0.79);随着DEM分辨率的提高,尤其从10 m提高至5 m时,模拟结果差异减少,模拟精度的增幅也减小,淹没范围和水深的精度增幅分别为2.70%和3.94%;DEM分辨率越高,则模型运行时间越长,模型运行效率越低,5 m DEM方案下的运行时间为30 m DEM方案的700倍。综合考虑模拟精度及模拟时间,10 m分辨率的DEM对山洪淹没模拟、风险评估及预警预报等更为适用。     

CRU高分辨率格点降水资料在海河流域的适用性

利用海河流域及其子流域漳河流域的实测站点资料,采用皮尔逊相关系数、均方根误差、平均绝对误差以及相对偏差作为评价指标,对CRU(climate research unit)数据降水产品的月尺度降水数据在海河与漳河流域的适用性进行评估分析,结果表明：CRU数据在海河子流域漳河流域的适用性好于整个海河流域,各项评价结果均达到预期期望;突变性与周期性规律检验结果与以往基于实测数据分析结果相符;从相关系数角度来看,应用于2个流域的CRU数据在1990年之前整体表现良好,但在1990年后海河流域的相关系数显著下降。综上CRU数据可应用于海河流域与漳河流域的气候变化背景下水文过程模拟与分析,但应用于海河流域实测站点数据的还原时,应充分考虑其年际表现不一的问题。     

妫水河入官厅水库水污染成因及减排措施评估

为保障妫水河入官厅水库入流水质达标,分析水质成因,分步制订水质改善措施。采用MIKE21耦合植物作用的Ecolab生态水质模型,对妫水河下游入官厅水库断面至东大桥断面、支流三里河水域进行模拟。通过对丰水期和枯水期监测数据及模拟结果进行分析,流域上游来流水量及水质、区间污染源及河流湿地等自净作用是影响官厅水库入流水质的主要原因,其中:妫水河入流污染负荷对水库入流水质贡献率最大,丰枯水期氨氮、总磷和总氮的贡献率分别为18.32%～45.76%、9.31%～31.17%和29.34%～67.56%;区间入河污染源氨氮、总磷和总氮削减率分别为19.41%、31.31%和24.94%;丰枯水期河道自净对氨氮、总磷和总氮削减率分别为44.85%～61.29%、51.40%～77.92%和8.40%～23.06%。为改善官厅水库入流水质,在流经城市区的妫水河下游及三里河修建了河流湿地公园,对区域污染源进行截污,使得入库水质可达到Ⅲ类水。为长远确保官厅水库的水质,控制来流水质和加强流域治理是关键,同时营造岸带湿地,对水质改善有积极的作用。研究结果及方法可为水库污染防治及负荷量削减提供理论依据。     

旋转电极电渣重熔过程电极熔速的理论解析

摘要：旋转电极电渣重熔通过改变结晶器内熔体的流动和传热规律,增强了渣池与电极间的对流换热,在提高电极熔化速率和生产效率方面具有巨大潜力。提出了电渣重熔过程电极熔化速率的求解方法,并考虑了电极旋转时的强制对流,基于多物理场耦合模型预测了电极直径、转速对电极熔化速率的影响规律。结果表明,随着转速提高,金属液滴由从电极中心滴落向电极边缘滴落转变,高温区由渣池外侧向渣池中心移动。当转速从0增大至90r/min,55mm直径电极的熔化速率从7.90g/s增大至9.68g/s,对比固定电极,转速为90r/min时,生产效率最多提高了22.5%;进一步增大转速,电极熔化速率反而减小。存在一个最佳转速可使熔化速率达到最大,且该最佳转速随着电极直径的增大而减小。     

铝基纳米复合材料的电子显微镜研究

一种由部分非晶和部分晶体组成的新型铝合金可以用液态旋淬法直接制备，其力学性能非常优异。电镜观察表明这种纳米复合材料具有新颖的结构：纳米级Ａｌ晶体均匀弥散分布在非晶体上且无择优取向，Ａｌ晶体具有面心立方结构。高分辨电镜初步结果显示这种Ａｌ了无内部缺陷，但存在某种程度的畸变，且界面结构非常复杂。     

Quantification of trace amounts of impurities in high purity cobalt by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

An analytical method using high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS) for rapid simultaneous determination of 24 elements (Be, Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Pt, Au, and Pb) in high purity cobalt was described. Sample digestions were performed in closed microwave vessels using HNO3 and HCl. The matrix effects because of the presence of excess HCl and Co were evaluated. The usefulness of high mass resolution for overcoming some spectral interference was demonstrated. The optimum conditions for the deter- mination were tested and discussed. The standard addition method was employed for quantitative analysis. The detection limits were 0.016-1.50 μg?g?1, the recovery ratios were 92.2%-111.2%, and the RSD was less than 3.6%. The method was accurate, quick, and convenient. It was applied to the determination of trace impurities in high purity cobalt with satisfactory results.