基于图像评价的灯箱最佳成像环境因素确定方法*

为获得高质量的水稻叶部病害图像,在自行设计的灯箱中充分考虑了物距、灯管数目、灯管高度、灯管侧距等成像环境因素对图像质量的影响,通过主客观评价方法对不同成像环境因素水平下拍摄的照片进行质量评价,最终得出最佳成像环境因素取值水平。该过程分为三步：首先采用正交试验法设计各环境因素取值水平并拍摄照片,然后采用客观评价方法进行图像质量评价,最后通过与主观评价方法对比确定成像环境因素最佳取值水平。经过大量实验分析得出：在不同成像环境因素取值水平下,所拍摄照片的质量是有差别的。因此,基于质量评价的方法来确定最佳成像环境     

丹东地区主要水稻和旱稻品质性状研究

试验以丹东地区主栽的4个水稻品种与4个旱稻为试材,研究了水稻与旱稻品质特性。结果表明,旱稻的整精米率低于水稻,垩白率、蛋白质含量明显高于水稻,而综合食味值明显低于水稻。综合来看,在旱稻的4个品种中,丹旱稻1号品质较好;在水稻的4个品种中,丹137和中辽9052表现突出。     

利用膨化-交联技术制备环保型芯砂黏结剂的研究

介绍了利用膨化、交联技术制备环保型芯砂黏结剂的方法，讨论了反应条件对黏结剂质量的影响，找出最佳反应条件及工艺配比。试验结果表明，该砂芯黏结剂与传统黏结剂相比，对环境无污染，具有优良的工艺性能。     

以稻壳为原料合成等级孔Y型分子筛

以稻壳为原料,通过高温碱活化提取稻壳中的硅作为分子筛合成的硅源,利用碳化稻壳中的碳作为介孔模板合成具有等级孔结构的Y型分子筛。采用XRD、N_2吸附-脱附等表征合成的Y型分子筛。考察碱度、晶化时间、晶化温度等合成条件对Y型分子筛结构特性的影响。结果表明,随着碱度的增加,分子筛结晶度先增加后降低。碱度为6.66时,合成的Y型分子筛结晶度最高。当晶化温度为90℃、时间为16 h时,合成的分子筛中含有较少的杂晶。     

Impact of rewetting and drying of rough rice on predicted moisture content profiles during in-bin drying and storage

Accurate prediction of moisture content (MC) is vital for effective control of on-farm, in-bin drying and storage of rough rice, especially for systems using recently introduced technology to automate fan run time. The study used simulations, laboratory, and field experiments to investigate the extent to which rewetting and drying, during in-bin drying and storage, affect accuracy of predicted MC—a critical parameter for automated fan control. Vapor sorption analysis (VSA) was used to generate MC prediction models for rough rice. Simulations of in-bin drying and storage, using in-field weather data, were performed while segregating effects resulting from rewetting and drying of the rough rice and the type of fan control strategy used. Predicted MC profiles of rough rice and drying durations were compared with those resulting from using standard constants in the literature for modeling. The root mean square error associated with predicting the MC by model constants developed using the VSA was 0.54% MC and 1.32% MC dry basis (d.b.), for desorption and adsorption, respectively. Deviation in MC logged by in-bin built, field sensors and that simulated by taking into account the influence of rewetting and drying were generally within 1.5% point difference. Therefore, rewetting and drying did not affect drying duration. However, drying duration was significantly influenced by fan control strategy (p?rice MC was negligible.     

Hard wood‐composites made of rice straw and recycled polystyrene foam wastes

The submitted work discussed the possibility of using two of the most problematic wastes to formulate an added‐value hard wood‐composite (HWC). The lignocellulosic rice straws (RS) fibers (as reinforced filler) and recycled expanded polystyrene foam (PS) wastes (as dispersed polymer matrix), were used to formulated the hard wood product applying the hot press technique. The air dried RS was added to the molten PS at increasing ratios (30–70% mass:mass), and the reached HWC sheet was subjected to tensile strength, water absorption and acoustic resistance characterizations. Based on the experimental data, it was found that increasing the RS contents accompanied with a diminish in the tensile strength value by about 50% at 70% RS compare to that at 30% RS. To improve the adhesion between the hydrophilic filler RS and the hydrophobic PS matrix, maleated PS graft (PS‐g‐MA) was prepared and added at the expanse of the PS content, to formulate an additional wood‐composite (HWCg) aiming to have better mechanical and dimensional stability features. Results obtained indicated that increasing the coupling agent content, keeping the RS added constant, enhance the tensile strength feature in addition, reduced the water absorption for the final products by more than 45%. The data obtained suggested that, it can create added‐value hard wood composites entirely from the two nominated problematic wastes. In addition to the value gained by the environment, the reached hard wood products record acceptable mechanical characterization, dimensional stability and sound resistance properties that qualified it to replace the natural wood in many daily applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44770.     

非均相催化臭氧氧化深度处理造纸废水的性能

采用农业废弃物水稻秸秆制备秸秆基活性炭,将其负载过渡金属Mn和Fe作为臭氧催化剂。采用正交试验考察了制备参数对其催化活性的影响,结果表明,最佳制备条件:浸渍时间为12 h,热解温度为500℃,热解时间为3 h。以制备的催化剂催化臭氧氧化深度处理造纸废水,COD和色度平均去除率分别为74.3%和80.5%,处理出水达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)的一级A排放标准。制备的催化剂稳定性高且经济环保,适于造纸废水深度处理的工程应用。     

Removal of sulfide ions from aqueous solutions using carbon- and silicon-containing sorbents

Sulfide ions are among the most common pollutants in natural waters. Sulfide sorption methods are widely used in the waste water treatment practice. The most promising sorbents for removing sulfide ions are porous carbon materials. In the present study we researched sorption capacity of the carbon- and silicon-containing samples of rice and buckwheat processing wastes, as well as the activated carbon, carbon fiber, chitosan and natural silicates toward the sulfide ions in aqueous solutions. It was found that the most effective sorbent from the studied ones is the carbon fiber Aktilen B (99%) and from plant wastes – carbonaceous sorbents obtained from rice straw (77–98%) and buckwheat (94%). We studied the physico-chemical and structural properties of the carbonaceous sorbent based on rice straw and it was found that this sample is amorphous and has a predominant microporous structure. At the concentration of sulfide ions ranging from 140 to 800?µg?l^?1, the studied sorbent reduces the amount of sulfide ions to 0.4–1.4 of the maximum permissible concentration and can be used for treating natural and post-treating waste waters.     

Performance of energy-efficient rice mills

ABSTRACT

This study reports the energy-efficient performance of three different brands of rice polisher machines operating at different rice mills. The observations of feed screws, sieves and cams have been recorded and we have analysed the chemical composition, microstructure, hardness of cams of different rice mills and given solutions for the performance enhancement of cams. Our objective is to enhance the production of rice variety with quality characteristics and general appearance as required by the consumers.