Cycling hardening and serration yielding of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy at high temperature under out-phase TMF

Behaviour of hardening and serration yield of a Fe-Ni-Cr alloy under isothermal cycling (ISC) and out-phase TMF was studied on the basis of varied hysteresis loops. Cycling hardening and serrated yielding for ISC depend on the temperature and the total strain range, stronger hardening with serrated yielding at higher strain range under ISC at 600 °C, but no hardening and serrated yielding occurred under ISC at 800 °C. Stronger hardening with stress serration occurred at the thermal path going to the lowest temperature, no stress serration occurred at the highest temperature under the out-phase. The hardening also depends on the total strain range, higher total strain range with lower cycling temperature resulted in a stronger hardening and remarkable serration yielding behavior. Weaker hardening without serrated yielding occurred at near 800 °C may due to an obvious cycling stress drop under out-phase TMF. Change in the shape of the hysteresis loops also expresses the degree of the damage of the tested alloy under out-phase and ISC.     

结构钢缺口板断裂试验及数值分析

通过对25个结构钢缺口板进行的单向拉伸断裂试验,验证了提出的结构钢广义屈服模型和椭球面断裂准则.用ANSYS软件中的参数化设计语言APDL和用户编程功能UPFs,将提出的静水应力型广义屈服模型编制成子程序模块,对结构钢缺口板断裂试验进行了基于广义屈服模型和椭球面断裂准则的数值模拟分析.试验结果表明:裂纹起始于缺口边缘内侧,裂纹在厚度方向贯通后沿宽度发展,试件最终断裂于缺口薄弱断面.缺口板断裂应力场分析表明,提出的椭球面断裂准则对预测结构钢缺口板初始开裂具有广泛适用性和较高精度.     

Effect of grinding on chemical and physical properties of rice husk ash

The effect of grinding on the chemical and physical properties of rice husk ash was studied. Four rice husk ashes with different finenesses,i.e. coarse original rice husk ash (RHA0),RHA1,RHA2,and RHA3 were used for the study. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was partially replaced with rice husk ash at 20% by weight of binder. The water to binder ratio (W/B) of the mortar was maintained at 110%±5% with flow table test. Specific gravity,fineness,chemical properties,compressive strength,and porosity test of mor...     

开封引黄灌区灌溉条件下稻田土壤盐分阈值研究

结合各生育期水稻耐盐度、各处理实际种前初始土壤含盐量和对应生育期最高的土壤含盐量,分析了各灌溉处理条件下的稻田土壤含盐量在水稻各生育期的动态变化规律和允许初始土壤含盐量阈值.结果表明:控制灌溉及控制灌溉加淋洗条件下,各水稻生育期土壤含盐量均有不同程度降低,随着淋洗水量的增加土壤含盐量逐渐降低,并获得了不同灌溉方式下的允许稻田初始土壤含盐量阈值.此结论对实际应用有指导意义.     

多步自适应组合预测及其应用

提出一种多步自适应组合预测方法.预测由多个并行不同的多步自适应预测模型组成,最终预测结果,由多个预测模型预测值的线性加权组合决定.本法适用于随机时变动态系统过程的多步预测问题,在某省粮食产量趋势预测中,应用此法获得了良好的效果.     

糙米储藏品质评价数学模型的建立

为对糙米储藏过程中的劣变进行及时调控,选用2个粳糙米样品,测定不同储藏条件下的脂肪酸值、发芽率、生活力、电导率、降落数值等生理生化指标,进行各指标间的相关性分析,采用灰色关联度分析法对各项指标进行储藏品质敏感指标的筛选,并以各项敏感指标为自变量,以碾磨后的大米食味值为因变量,采用逐步回归的方法建立敏感指标与糙米最终食味值间的数学模型.结果表明:脂肪酸值、电导率对粳糙米储藏品质有显著影响,其中脂肪酸值对储藏品质敏感度最大,电导率次之;辽星糙米储藏品质评价的数学模型为y =92.57 +0.83X脂肪酸值-2.08X电导率,盐丰糙米储藏品质评价的数学模型为Y=-99.42+4.03X脂肪酸值-1.44X电导率.     

Meso-四（3，4 二甲苯基）卟啉金属配合物的合成

为筛选催化环己烷氧化合成己二酸用仿生催化剂,研究了以吡咯、3,4 二甲基苯甲醛和金属盐为原料,合成一种带多个疏水性短碳链对称卟啉化合物meso-四（3,4 二甲苯基）卟啉（简称TDMPP）金属钴（Ⅱ）、铜（Ⅱ）配合物的方法,探讨了溶剂配比、反应时间、反应物的物质量浓度等对产率的影响;并利用UV Vis和IR对合成的物质结构进行了表征.结果表明合成TDMPPCo的适宜工艺参数为：v（丙酸）∶v（冰乙酸）等于2∶1;n（吡咯）∶n（3,4 甲基苯甲醛）∶n（醋酸钴）等于100∶104∶029;吡咯的物质量浓度为0.25mol/L;反应时间为50min;反应温度为125～130℃;产率达32％.合成TDMPPCu的适宜工艺参数为：v（丙酸）∶v（冰乙酸）等于3∶1,n（吡咯）∶n（3,4 甲基苯甲醛）∶n（醋酸铜）等于100∶104∶027;吡咯的物质量浓度为0.25mol/L,反应时间为50min,反应温度为130～135℃,产率达38％.     

压力敏感性材料球形孔洞动态扩展问题

为进一步研究岩土材料爆炸场的特点,采用椭圆型屈服准则和自相似假设,并结合Hopkins三区模型,研究幂硬化材料球形孔洞动态扩展问题.通过对弹性区的研究得出弹性区应力的分布和弹塑性交界处的连续条件;然后在塑性区给出一个求解动态扩展问题的非线性微分方程组;最后通过打靶法数值求解该非线性微分方程组,给出满足边界条件的数值解,并讨论材料参数对场量的影响.结果表明,椭圆型屈服准则能很好地描述压力敏感性材料中孔洞的动态扩展.     

丛枝菌根(AM)对水稻生长促进及化肥减量研究

为了考察丛枝菌根(Arbuscular Mycorrhiza,AM)对水稻生长促进及化肥减量效果,以摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae)为实验材料在不同丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)含量的基质中进行水稻盆栽试验.对比分析了水稻根部AMF的侵染状况,及其对水稻生长的促进作用,并在此基础上探讨了AMF强化在农业面源污染化肥减量中的作用.结果表明:自然基质中土著G.mosseae普遍存在,并可与水稻根系形成菌根结构,但其对水稻的影响与AMF空白基质相比差异并不显著.AMF强化能显著提高其对水稻根部的侵染率.与自然基质相比,AMF强化使水稻的株高、总生物量、根系总表面积及产量分别提高了20.6%、30%、36.6%、45.3%.经计算,每生产100kg水稻,AMF强化相对于自然条件下氮肥、磷肥、钾肥施用量分别减少3.14kg、1.88kg、2.42kg,削减程度高达47%.AMF强化能够有效促进水稻生长并提高其产量,而且在农业面源污染化肥减量方面具有重要作用.     

Development of a unified viscoplasticity constitutive model based on classical plasticity theory

The traditional unified viscoplasticity constitutive model can be only applied to metal materials. The study of the unified constitutive theory for metal materials has discovered the correlation between the classical plasticity theory and the unified viscoplasticity constitutive model, thus leading to the concepts of the classic plastic potential and yield surface in the unified constitutive model. Moreover, this research has given the continuous expression of the classical plastic multiplier and presented the corresponding constructive method, which extends its physical significance and lays down a good foundation for the application of the unified constitutive theory to the material analysis in more fields. This paper also introduces the unified constitutive model for metal materials and geo-materials. The numerical simulation indicates that the construction should be both reasonable and practical. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 90410012)