中国首创五大新兴智能基础学科的交叉应用与展望

可拓学、灰色系统、界壳论、集对分析和消错学这五大新兴智能基础学科都是我国首创的理论。本文首先简单介绍了五大学科，随后给出了五大学科的关系矩阵并讨论了其交叉应用的发展概况，最后对其交叉所产生的空白领域追行了初步的探讨，然后对其未来发展进行了展望。     

The stiffness matrix in elastically articulated rigid-body systems

Discussed in this paper is the Cartesian stiffness matrix, which recently has received special attention within the robotics research community. Stiffness is a fundamental concept in mechanics; its representation in mechanical systems whose potential energy is describable by a finite set of generalized coordinates takes the form of a square matrix that is known to be, moreover, symmetric and positive-definite or, at least, semi-definite. We attempt to elucidate in this paper the notion of “asymmetric stiffness matrices”. In doing so, we show that to qualify for a stiffness matrix, the matrix should be symmetric and either positive semi-definite or positive-definite. We derive the conditions under which a matrix mapping small-amplitude displacement screws into elastic wrenches fails to be symmetric. From the discussion, it should be apparent that the asymmetric matrix thus derived cannot be, properly speaking, a stiffness matrix. The concept is illustrated with an example.     

基于压水试验数据的渗透系数应力敏感性研究

岩体渗透率与应力关系是进行岩体渗流应力耦合分析的基础。基于龙滩水电站边坡岩体渗流压水试验结果和边坡岩体岩性及物理力学性质，对岩体渗透系数和地应力进行了分析计算，给出了边坡岩体渗透率随应力变化的关系式，为进行边坡岩体渗流一应力耦合分析提供了可靠数据。     

台缙高速公路苍岭隧道水文地质勘察与涌水量预测

以台缙高速公路苍岭隧道为例，通过水文地质综合勘探方法，查明隧道不同裂隙发育程度岩体的渗透系数K值。然后利用地下水动力学法、地下水径流模数法对隧道开挖涌水量进行了预测。通过施工检验发现，涌水段位置和涌水量总体较接近，说明预测工作对隧道的施工开挖和排水设计具有指导意义。     

A simple conceptual model for predicting the dissolution of phosphate rock in soils

Laboratory experimental and literature data were integrated to develop a simple, conceptual model to describe and predict the dissolution of a reactive phosphate rock (Gafsa phosphate rock, GPR) in soils. The model showed that initial solution Ca concentration strongly influences the time required for a single application of GPR (at 30 kgP ha^?1) to dissolve. The model predicts that all of the GPR will dissolve within a year of application in an unlimed, acid (pH_w 4.5) loam. However, if the soil has previously been limed to (pH_w 5.8, and contains permanent charge only, the model predicts that only about 50% of the GPR would have dissolved by the end of the second year after application. On the other hand, if a previously limed soil ((pH_w 5.8) contains variable-charge components, the model predicts that virtually all of the GPR would have dissolved in this soil by the end of the second year after application. These results emphasise that, even in the presence of a high proton supply, solution Ca has an overriding influence on the dissolution of GPR. The faster rate of GPR dissolution in the limed soil with variable charge, compared to that in the limed soil with permanent charge only, demonstrates the ability of the variable-charge component of soil to act as a sink for some of the lime-derived Ca. According to the solubility product principle, this allows more GPR to dissolve. Because of the generally stronger buffering of soil for P than for Ca, a relatively large proportion of any P removed by leaching and plant uptake is buffered by the sorbed phase. Consequently, the influence of leaching and plant uptake on GPR dissolution is attributed primarily to the removal of the relatively less-strongly buffered Ca.     

勘测关键技术及其综合应用研究

勘测关键技术及其综合应用研究，系国家“八五”科技攻关２０８－０２－０５专题。该专题研究结合锦屏一、二级等工程，专业面广，应用性强，研究工作难度大，是当前水电工程地质勘探技术中的薄弱环节，是关系到前期工作进展和工程经济效益的重大课题。其研究内容包括：岩心定向技术、砂卵石层取心技术，地应力测试与分析新技术，岩体裂隙结构面的计算机处理系统、岩溶探测新技术、高分辨率工程地震勘探技术、３０００系列测井仪的改     

裂隙岩体中掏槽爆破的影响因素分析

对裂隙岩体中掏糟爆破布孔的影响因素进行了研究，并根据裂分布的情况提出相应的布孔方法和原则。对有关的工程施工具有实际意义。     

Volumetric properties of mixtures of 1,4-dioxane and water at high pressures

Densities of aqueous of 1,4-dioxane have been measured at temperatures from 298 to 348 K and at pressures up to 40 MPa by a vibrating-tube method. Molar volumes obtained with an estimated uncertainty of ±0.2°,% are correlated with pressure by the Tait equation within the experimental uncertainty. Pressure and composition dependences of the excess molar volume, partial molar volume, and isothermal compressibility are determined and they are compared with those of other aqueous solutions.     

鄂尔多斯盆地含油气系统

鄂尔多斯盆地含油气系统研究目前尚无成熟的划分方案和系统成果,本文主要依据油气赋存的层位并参考油气源将其划分为下古生界含气系统、上古生界含气系统及中生界含油气系统。各含油(气)系统平面分布范围主要受生油岩、储集岩分布和油气运移方向的控制;其中,下古生界含气系统、中生界含油气系统主要分布于盆地中部。上古生界含气系统主要分布于盆地北部。     

双重孔隙介质油藏中的吸渗排油作用

利用美国SSI公司研制的COMPN模拟软件对双重孔隙介质油藏一种重要的开采机理 吸渗排油进行了模拟研究,考察了一个基质岩块为四周裂缝所包围时.在驱动压力和毛管压力的不同平衡(驱动压力和毛管压力的相对大小)关系下的水驱油采收率和水驱油效率的变化规律.